Ilizwe Elinemithombo Eshushu

NGAPHEZU kwama-2 000 eminyaka eyadlulayo, amaCelt ayehlala kummandla owawunemithombo enamanzi ashushu aza awubiza ngokuba yiAk-Ink, gama elo lithetha “Amanzi Amaninzi.” Namhlanje iAk-Ink yaziwa ngokuba yiBudapest—ikomkhulu laseHungary elisesinye sezona zixeko zidala eYurophu. Abemi bamandulo babekunandipha ukungena kuloo manzi emithombo eshushu ngamathub’ athile, yaye babeziva behlaziyekile emva koko, kutsho kuphele neengqaqambo zomzimba.

Ngenkulungwane yokuqala yeXesha Eliqhelekileyo, lo mmandla waseYurophu waba ngaphantsi kolawulo lwamaRoma. AmaRoma awandisa lo mmandla aza akha inkampu yemfazwe kuwo, awayibiza ngokuba yiAquincum. Kukholelwa ukuba elo gama livela kwigama lamaCelt elithetha amanzi okanye kwelesiLatini elithi aqua quinque, elithetha “imithombo emihlanu.” AmaRoma akha imisele yamanzi, akhela nabantu ngabanye imithombo, akha neminye imithombo kawonke-wonke. Ngoko imithombo yaseBudapest kudala yabakho.

Kwaqengqeleka iinkulungwane emva kokuphela koBukhosi baseRoma ngaphambi kokuba le mithombo idume kwakhona. Ngenkulungwane ye-15, ababhali bathetha kakuhle ngemithombo yamanzi ashushu ekufuphi nekomkhulu laseHungary, nto leyo eyasenza saduma ngakumbi eso sixeko. Kuthiwa uKumkani uMatthias Corvinus owayelawula eHungary ukususela ngowe-1458 ukusa kowe-1490, wakha ipaseji enophahla edibanisa inqaba yasebukhosini kunye nomthombo wakhe obizwa ngokuba nguMthombo iRácz. Ngaloo ndlela kwakulula ukufikelela kuloo mthombo enoba imozulu injani na.

Ebudeni benkulungwane ye-16 neye-17, abemi abaninzi baseTurkey babehlala kwimimandla yaseHungary, kuquka ikomkhulu layo. Bakha imithombo enomphunga nenamanzi ashushu, yaye yaba negalelo elikhulu ekulandelweni kwesithethe samaSilamsi sokuhlamba yaye ezi ziindawo ezibalulekileyo abemi baseTurkey abathanda ukuzonwabisa kuzo. Abemi baseTurkey babeyakhela uphahla nezinyuko le mithombo. Amanzi ayo ayefikelela emagxeni. Le mithombo yayijikelezwe ziibhafu ezinkulu kunye neendawo zokuphumla, ezazisetyenziswa ngamadoda namabhinqa ngokwahlukahlukeneyo. Eminye yaloo mithombo isekho nanamhlanje.

Incwadi yezokhenketho yowe-1673 ichaza imithombo yengingqi ngoku eyiBudapest njengeyona ikumgangatho obalaseleyo eYurophu, ngenxa yokuba “inamanzi ashushu yaye iyaphilisa, ibe yakhelwe izakhiwo ezikhulu nezihonjiswe kakuhle.” Ngenkulungwane ye-19, iFinland neRashiya zavelisa uhlobo olutsha lwemithombo enezindlu ezinomphunga oshushu okanye iisauna. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, ezo zindlu zinomphunga oshushu zakhiwa nakwimithombo yaseBudapest kwakunye namadama amancinane anamanzi abandayo.

Ukuma Kwaloo Mmandla

Amalunga nezigidi ezingama-70 zeelitha ngemini amanzi aphuma kwimithombo eshushu eli-123 nengama-400 enamanzi akrakra eBudapest. Avela phi la manzi angaka? Impendulo ikwindlela omi ngayo loo mmandla.

UMlambo iDanube, odlula eBudapest, uphumela kwintili iPest engasempuma kwawo, uze unqumle phakathi kwentaba iBuda engasentshona kwawo. Mandulo lo mmandla wawukade ugutyungelwe lulwandle, lwaza lwashiya amatye ekalika. La matye agqunyelelwa ludongwe, yintlabathi, namalahle.

Ngenxa yeentanda ezikhoyo emhlabeni, amanzi ehlela ngaphantsi komhlaba aze afudunyezwe zizimbiwa ezishushu ezisenzulwini yomhlaba. Emva koko la manzi abuya ngamandla angene phakathi kweentanda njengomphunga okanye angene emaquleni.

Omnye ummandla omi ngendlela efanayo neBudapest yiHungary. Ngenxa yoko, iindawo ezininzi kwelo lizwe zinamanzi anezimbiwa ezininzi nemithombo emihle, ekukholelwa ukuba inemichiza yokunyanga izifo.a

Imithombo enamanzi ashushu kudala ixatyisiwe kwiindawo ezininzi. Kangangokuba ukufunyanwa kwayo ngexesha loosolusapho kwintlango yaseSehire, ephahlwe luLwandle Olufileyo kunye neNyoba iAqaba, kude kwakhankanywa eBhayibhileni.—Genesis 36:24.

Kusekuninzi oko abantu kusafuneka bekufundile ngesijikelezi-langa esintsonkothileyo esiphila kuso. Ngokomzekelo, yintoni abayaziyo ngokubeka kukaThixo iziseko zomhlaba nokwenza kwakhe zonke izinto ezimangalisayo ezikuwo? Ukucamngca ngemibuzo elolo hlobo kushukumisela abantu aboyik’ uThixo ekubeni bathi khamnqa bubulumko boMdali obungenakulinganiswa nanto.—Yobhi 38:4-6; Roma 1:20.

[Umbhalo osemazantsi]

[Umfanekiso okwiphepha 24, 25]

Umthombo onamanzi ashushu kwiHotele iGellért

[Umfanekiso okwiphepha 24]

UMthombo iRudas owakhiwa ngabemi baseTurkey

[Umfanekiso okwiphepha 24, 25]

UMthombo iSzéchenyi ebusika

[Inkcazelo Ngomfanekiso okwiphepha 24]

All photos: Courtesy of Tourism Office of Budapest