Umhlaba Ukweyona Ndawo Ifanelekileyo
IADRES yethu idla ngokuquka ilizwe, isixeko nesitrato. Ukuze sikwazi ukuthelekisa ezi zinto, masithi umnyele iMilky Way “lilizwe” lomhlaba, ummandla weeplanethi nelanga “sisixeko” somhlaba, yaye apho ujikeleza khona umhlaba “sisitrato” somhlaba. Ngenxa yokuhambela phambili kwenzululwazi ngeenkwenkwezi, izazinzulu ziye zakwazi ukufunda ngendawo umhlaba okuyo kummandla wendalo.
Inye kuphela indawo ekwiMilky Way engaphila abantu, kulapho kanye ummandla weeplanethi nelanga ukhoyo. Le ndawo ikumgama omalunga nama-28 000 light years ukusuka kumbindi womnyele yaye inemichiza eyaneleyo ukuze kuphile abantu. Ngapha kwaloo ndawo, imbalwa imichiza enjalo; ukanti xa usiza nganeno kuyingozi kakhulu kuba kukho imitha yelanga eyingozi kwakunye nabanye oothunywashe. Iphephancwadi iScientific American lithi: “Siphila kweyona ndawo ifanelekileyo.”
“Isitrato” Esifanelekileyo
Asinakusijongela phantsi “isitrato” somhlaba, okanye apho ujikeleza khona umhlaba, kummandla weeplanethi nelanga “osisixeko.” Le ndawo imalunga nezigidi zeekhilomitha ezili-150 ukusuka elangeni, yaye inokuphila abantu, kuba ayibandi ngokugqithiseleyo yaye ayikho shushu ngokugqithiseleyo. Ngaphezu koko, indawo umhlaba ohamba kuyo iphantse ibe ngqukuva, nto leyo esigcina kumgama ophantse ulingane ukusuka elangeni kunyaka wonke.
Kukwakho nelanga, elisincedayo sikwazi ukufumana ukukhanya nokufudumala. Lizinzile, likhulu ngokwaneleyo yaye linikela amandla alingele umhlaba. Kungoko ke, libizwa ngokuba “yinkwenkwezi ekhethekileyo kakulu.”
Ummelwane Ofanelekileyo
Ukuba bekungafuneka ukhethe “ummelwane” womhlaba, ubungenakukhetha wumbi ngaphandle kwenyanga. Ingaphezu kwekota yomhlaba. Ngoko ke, xa ithelekiswa nezinye iinyanga kummandla weeplanethi, inyanga yethu inkulu kwezinye izijikelezi-langa. Kodwa ke, oku akuzange kuzenzakele ngamabona-ndenzile.
Kaloku inyanga ngomnye unobangela wamaza olwandle, odlala indima ephambili kwindalo yomhlaba. Kwakhona inyanga inegalelo kwindlela umhlaba ojikeleza ngayo. Ngaphandle kwenyanga, isijikelezi-langa sethu besiya kufana nesiciko esijikelezayo esihexela macala onke, mhlawumbi side siwe! Oko bekuya kudala isiphithiphithi nakwimozulu.
Indlela Efanelekileyo Yokuthambeka Nokujikeleza Komhlaba
Ekubeni umhlaba uthambeke ngeedegree ezingama-23,5, kubakho amaxesha onyaka ahlukahlukeneyo, amaqondo obushushu afanelekileyo, nemozulu engafaniyo kwiindawo ezahlukahlukeneyo. Incwadi ethi Rare Earth—Why Complex Life Is Uncommon in the Universe ithi: “Indlela isijikelezi-langa sethu esithambeke ngayo ‘ifanelekile.’”
Kwakhona imini nobusuku zinobude obufanelekileyo obubangelwa kukujikeleza komhlaba. Ukuba umhlaba ubuthabatha ixesha elide ukujikeleza, elinye icala lomhlaba elijonge ilanga beliya kutshisa ngokugqithiseleyo ngoxa elinye beliya kuba ngumkhenkce. Kwakhona, ukuba iimini bezimfutshane, mhlawumbi ngeeyure nje ezimbalwa, ukujikeleza komhlaba bekuya kubangela imimoya ebhudla ngamandla kwakunye nezinye iingozi.
Yonke into ephathelele isijikelezi-langa sethu—ukususela kwindawo esimi kuyo ukusa kwindlela esijikeleza ngayo phambi kwenyanga—sibubungqina bokuba kukho uMdali osisilumko nowayila konke oku.a UPaul Davies ingcali yamachiza nokholelwa kwindaleko uthi: “Kwanezazinzulu ezingakholelwayo kubukho bukaThixo beziya kushukunyiswa yindlela indalo iphela enkulu, emangalisa, entle nelungelelene ngayo.”
Ngaba konke oku kwazenzekela, okanye kwayilwa ngenjongo? Cinga ngalo mbuzo njengoko ufunda inqaku elilandelayo elifutshane, elithetha ngezikhuselo ezibini ezikhusela ubomi emhlabeni kwizinto ezisemajukujukwini ezinokuba yingozi.
[Umbhalo osemazantsi]
a Kukho iintlobo ezine zamandla abalulekileyo alawula indalo: umxhuzulane, ielectromagnetism, inyukliya enamandla nenyukliya ebuthathaka. Onke ayasebenzisana.—Funda isahluko 2 sencwadi ethi Is There a Creator Who Cares About You? epapashwe ngamaNgqina kaYehova.
[Ibhokisi ekwiphepha 5]
NGABA UHAMBA NGESANTYA ESINGAPHEZU KWESEMBUMBULU?
Ukugqiba kwakho nje ukufunda le bhokisi, uya kube uhambe umgama oziikhilomitha ezingamawaka—ngaphandle kwamaginxiginxi! Cinga ngoku kulandelayo.
Umhlaba usisangqa esiziikhilomitha ezingama-40 000 yaye ujikeleza kanye kwiiyure ezingama-24. Ngoko indawo ezikwi-ikhweyitha okanye ezikufuphi kuyo zihamba iikhilomitha ezili-1 600 ngeyure. (Kakade ke, incam yomntla nomzantsi zijikeleza kwindawo enye.)
Umhlaba ujikeleza ilanga iikhilomitha ezingama-30 ngomzuzwana, ngoxa ummandla weeplanethi uwonke ujikeleza kwiMilky Way ngesantya esiziikhilomitha ezingama-249 ngomzuzwana. Imbumbulu yona ihamba ngaphantsi kwekhilomitha ngomzuzwana.
[Inkcazelo Ngomfanekiso okwiphepha 4]
Milky Way: NASA/JPL/Caltech
[Inkcazelo Ngomfanekiso okwiphepha 5]
Earth: Based on NASA/Visible Earth imagery