Ngaba Ifanele Ikukhathaze Into Yokuba Ugqatswe Lilanga Ixesha Elide?

“Njengokuba iozone layer incipha nabantu bezonwabisa ngokuzibhaka elangeni, inkulu ingozi yokuguliswa yimitha ekuthiwa [yiultraviolet] UV yaye oku kuyaxhalabisa kakhulu.”—UGQR. LEE JONG-WOOK OWAYESAKUBA NGUMALATHISI-JIKELELE WETHE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION.

UMARTIN, indoda emhlophe ngebala yoMntla Yurophu yebiwa bubuthongo kumthunzi weambrela kulwandle lwaseItali. Xa yavukayo, yafumanisa ukuba yayingasalelanga emthunzini yaye imilenze yayo yayingasekho mhlophe kodwa yayibomvu, iqaqamba. UMartin uthi: “Kwanyanzeleka ukuba ndiye kwigumbi labantu abagula kakhulu esibhedlele. Imilenze yam yayiqinile kwaye idumbile, injengeesoseji ezimbini. Iintsuku ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu ndaqaqanjelwa gqitha. Ndandingakwazi nokuma yaye yayingagobi imilenze yam. Kangangendlela olwaluqine ngayo ulusu lwam, ndandisoyika ukuba lwaluza kugqabhuka.”

Abantu abaninzi bacinga ukuba kuphela ngabantu abanebala elimhlophe njengoMartin abamele bakoyike ukuzigqatsa elangeni. Noko ke, nakuba abantu abanebala elimnyama besenokungagqatswa kangako lilanga kodwa nabo banokuba nawo umhlaza wolusu. Umhlaza wabo usenokungabonwa yaye xa ubonwayo udla ngokuba sele uyingozi. Ukugqatswa lilanga kuyingozi kuba konakalisa amehlo nenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela, ngxaki ezo ezinokuvela emva kweminyaka, sekonakele.

Kakade ke, ngokuqhelekileyo umlinganiselo wemitha yelanga uyaphakama xa ubani ekufuphi neikhweyitha. Abantu abahlala kwiiTropiki okanye kwimimandla efudumeleyo nabo batyelela kuloo mimandla bafanele balumke kakhulu. Esinye isizathu soko kukuba, kwiminyaka yakutshanje kuye kwadluliselwa ingxelo yokuba umoya ojikeleze umhlaba uya uncipha ngokuncipha. Makhe sihlolisise ezinye iingxaki ezinokubangelwa kukuzibhaka elangeni.

Ukonakala Kwamehlo

Ehlabathini lonke abantu abali-15 lezigidi baziimfama ngenxa yorhatyazo yaye le yeyona nto yenza abantu babe ziimfama. Olu rhatyazo lubangelwa yinwebu engqingqwa eyenza ukuba iliso lingaboni kakuhle. Urhatyazo luyenye yeengxaki ezibangelwa kukuzibhaka kwimitha yelanga eyingozi i-UV esenokuvela emva kweminyaka. Enyanisweni, kuqikelelwa ukuba malunga nama-20 ekhulwini olu rhatyazo lubangelwa kukugqatswa lilanga ngokuphindaphindiweyo kangangexesha elide.

Okulusizi kukuba, abona bantu baninzi banorhatyazo ngabo bahlala kufuphi neikhweyitha nakumazwe asakhasayo apho abantu abaninzi ingamahlwempu. Okutheth’ ukuthi, izigidi zabantu abangamahlwempu eAfrika, eAsiya, kuMbindi Merika nakuMzantsi Merika baziimfama ngenxa yokuba bengenayo imali yokongulwa.

Ukonakala Kolusu

Isinye kwisithathu sayo yonke imihlaza eye yafunyaniswa ngoogqirha ehlabathini lonke ngumhlaza wolusu. Nyaka ngamnye kubakho malunga ne-130 000 labantu abanohlobo lomhlaza wolusu imelanoma, owona mhlaza wolusu uyingozi. Ukongezelela, kukho abantu abazizigidi ezibini ukuya kwezithathu abanomhlaza wolusu ekuthiwa yibasal cell carcinomas nesquamous cell carcinomas. Kuqikelelwa ukuba nyaka ngamnye, abantu abamalunga nama-66 000 babulawa ngumhlaza wolusu.a

Ukukhanya kwelanga kulonakalisa njani ulusu lwakho? Ukugqatswa lilanga kuyalutshisa ulusu. Ukutsha kunokuhlala kangangeentsuku yaye kunokubonakala ngamadyungudyungu nokuxobuka kolusu.

Xa utshiswe lilanga, imitha yalo ibulala iiseli ezininzi zangaphandle ize yonakalise ezangaphakathi. Nanini na ulusu lutshintsha ibala lalo ngenxa yokutshiswa lilanga, loo nto ibonisa ukuba kukho undonakele. Umhlaza ubangelwa kukonakala kweDNA yemizila elawula ukukhula nokwahlukana kweeseli zolusu. Kwakhona ukukhanya kwelanga kuyayitshintsha indlela oluyiyo ulusu kuze kulwenze luthambe kakhulu. Ngenxa yoko ukhawuleza ube nemibimbi yaye unokukhawuleza ukukrweleka.

Ukonakala Kwenkqubo Yomzimba Yokuzikhusela

Uhlolisiso lufumanise ukuba xa ulusu lutshiswe kakhulu yimitha yelanga inxalenye yenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ayisebenzi kakuhle. Oku kusenokunciphisa ukukwazi komzimba ukuzikhusela kwizifo ezithile. Kwanaxa ungatshiswanga lilanga ixesha elide, wongeza amathuba okugula ngenxa yeentsholongwane. Abantu abaninzi baphawula ukuba, ukutshiswa lilanga kunokubangela inyebethu engapheliyo. Enye ingxelo yeWorld Health Organization (iWHO) ithi, olunye uhlobo lwemitha yelanga eyaziwa ngokuba yiUVB, “inciphisa amandla enkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela—ize ingakwazi ukulawula intsholongwane iHerpes simplex, nto leyo ebangela ukuba inyebethu ingapheli.”

Ngoko ke, xa unomhlaza, imitha yelanga inokubangela umonakalo ngeendlela ezimbini. Okokuqala, yonakalisa iDNA aze amandla emvelo enkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela angakwazi ukunceda loo monakalo.

Simele sikulumkele ukuzitshisa ngelanga. Impilo nobomi bethu bunokuba sengozini.

[Umbhalo osemazantsi]

[Ibhokisi ekwiphepha 11]

INDLELA ONOKUZIKHUSELA NGAYO

◼ Kuphephe ukuba selangeni phakathi kwentsimbi ye-10:00 kusasa ukuya kweye-4:00 emva kwemini, xa imitha yelanga igqatsa kakhulu.

◼ Hlala ukwindawo enomthunzi.

◼ Nxiba izinto eziza kugquma iingalo nemilenze.

◼ Nxiba umnqwazi onomphetho obanzi ukuze ukhusele amehlo, iindlebe, ubuso nomva wentamo.

◼ Ukunxiba iindondo zelanga ezisemgangathweni, okanye ezigquma amacala obuso, eziyikhusela ngama-99 ukuya kwi-100 ekhulwini imitha yelanga i-UVA neUVB (iintlobo zemitha yelanga) kuyawakhusela amehlo akho ekonakalisweni lilanga.

◼ Sebenzisa into yokuthambisa enomlinganiselo ubuncinane oli-15 wokukhusela ilanga qho emva kweeyure ezimbini.

◼ Ekubeni izibane, iibhedi kwakunye neendawo ezisetyenziselwa ukubhaka ulusu ngokukhethekileyo zinemitha yeUV enokonakalisa ulusu, iWHO incomela ukuba ungazisebenzisi.

◼ Kuphaphele ukukhusela iintsana nabantwana kuba bona banolusu oluthambileyo.

◼ Ungaze ulale elangeni.

◼ Ukuba unamachokoza ongawaqondiyo, yiya kugqirha wakho.