Yiyiphi Imbono Exhaswa Zizibakala?
AKAKHO umntu owayekho xa kwakuvela izinto eziphilayo emhlabeni. Kwakhona, akakho umntu owakha wabona into ephilayo ijika isiba yenye—ngokomzekelo, masithi isilwanyana esirhubuluzayo sijika sisiba sesanyisayo.a Ngenxa yoko, sifanele sijonge ubungqina obukhoyo xa sisenza izigqibo ngendlela obavela ngayo ubomi. Yaye sifanele sikholelwe koko kuboniswa bubungqina kunokuba sibunyanzele ukuba buthethe le nto siyifunayo.
Noko ke, abantu abaninzi abangakholelwayo kubukho bukaThixo baphenjelelwe kakhulu yimbono yokuba izinto eziphilayo zavela kwezinye ezazisele zikho kakade. URichard C. Lewontin okholelwa ekubeni izinto zazivelela wabhala wathi: “Sele sikholelwa ukuba . . . izinto eziphilayo zavela kwezinye izinto ezazisele zikho kakade. Loo mbono ayinakuphikiswa yaye asiyicingi nokuyicinga eyokuba uThixo ukho.” Ngenxa yoko, ekuphela koluvo olwamkelwa ngabantu ababambelele kule mbono—lolokuba izinto zazivelela.
Nabantu abacawayo basenokubambelela kwiimbono ezibenza bangayikholelwa inzululwazi. Ngokomzekelo, njengoko besele kutshiwo ngaphambili, abanye abantu abakholelwa ukuba ubomi badalwa, babambelele kuluvo oluphosakeleyo lokuba uThixo wadala ihlabathi kwiintsuku ezintandathu zokoqobo, kwiminyaka emalunga namawaka aliqela eyadlulayo. Ngenxa yokuba sele bebambelele ngokuqinileyo kwiimbono zabo, baye bazame ukunyanzela ubungqina ukuba buxhase indlela abayitolika ngayo iBhayibhile. (Funda ibhokisi ethi “Lude Kangakanani ‘Usuku’?” ekwiphepha 9) Abantu abaneembono ezinjalo ngeBhayibhile nangenzululwazi baye bangabufumani ubungqina obanelisayo bokuxhasa izinto abazikholelwayo.
Yiyiphi Imbono Exhaswa Zizo Zonke Izibakala?
Xa kuthethwa ngemvelaphi yeemolekyuli ezintsonkothileyo ezibumba izinto eziphilayo, abanye abantu abakholelwa ekubeni izinto zazivelela bathi:
1. Ngandlel’ ithile izakhi ezithile zadibana zaza zenza iimolekyuli.
2. Emva koko ezo molekyuli zadibana ngendlela kanye efunekayo ukuze kwenzeke i-DNA, i-RNA okanye iprotini ekwaziyo ukugcina inkcazelo efunekayo ukuze kuvele izinto eziphilayo.
3. Ngandlel’ ithile, ezi molekyuli zakwazi ukuvelisa ezinye. Xa iimolekyuli zingakwazi ukuvelisa ezinye, izinto azinakujika zibe zezinye yaye nezinto eziphilayo azinakubakho.
Ezi molekyuli zifunekayo ukuze kubekho izinto eziphilayo, zakwazi njani ukwenza lo msebenzi ngaphandle komyili okrelekrele? Uphando oluxhasa ukuzivelela kwezinto alukwazi ukuyiphendula ngendlela eyanelisayo imibuzo ephathelele imvelaphi yezinto eziphilayo. Abantu abathi akukho Mdali bathi amandla okudala avela kwiimolekyuli nakwezinye izinto zemvelo.
Zibonisa ntoni zona izibakala? Ubungqina obukhoyo bubonisa ukuba iimolekyuli azikwazi ukujika zibe zizinto eziphilayo ezintsonkothileyo: Imithetho yendalo ibonisa ukuba izinto ezintsonkothileyo—njengoomatshini, izindlu neeseli—ekuhambeni kwexesha ziyawohloka.b Sekunjalo, abantu abathi izinto zazivelela bathi kunokwenzeka okwahlukileyo koko. Ngokomzekelo, incwadi ethi Evolution for Dummies ithi, izinto zazivelela ngenxa yokuba umhlaba “ufumana amandla amakhulu elangeni yaye loo mandla abangela ukuba izinto ziye zintsonkotha nangakumbi.”
Kuyinyaniso ukuba kufuneka amandla ukuze izinto ezingalungelelananga zenziwe zilungelelane—ngokomzekelo, ukuze kudityaniswe izitena, amaplanga kunye nezikhonkwane xa kusakhiwa indlu. Noko ke, loo mandla kufuneka alawulwe aze asetyenziswe ngokuchanileyo, kuba amandla angalawulekiyo asenokubangela umonakalo, kanye njengokuba amandla avela elangeni okanye kwimozulu esenokubangela ukuba indlu ikhawuleze ukuwohloka.c Abantu abakholelwa ekuziveleleni kwezinto abakwazi ukuchaza ukuba kwenzeka njani ukuba amandla angalawulwa mntu asuke avelise izinto ezintsonkothileyo.
Kwelinye icala, xa sisithi izinto eziphilayo kunye nayo yonke indalo zadalwa nguMdali ‘onamandla amakhulu,’ siyakwazi ukuchaza kungekhona nje isizathu sokuntsonkotha kobomi kodwa nesamandla alawula izinto ezibonakalayo, ukusuka kwiminyele emikhulu yeenkwenkwezi ukusa kwiiatom ezincinane.d—Isaya 40:26.
Ukukholelwa kuMdali kuyavumelana noluvo olwamkelwa ngabantu abaninzi namhlanje, lokuba indalo ebonakalayo yaba nesiqalo. IGenesis 1:1 ithi: “Ekuqaleni uThixo wadala amazulu nomhlaba.”
Izinto ezintsha ezifunyanwayo zidla ngokwenza kube nzima ukuthethelela uluvo lokuba izinto eziphilayo zavela kwezinye, nto leyo eye yabangela ukuba nabanye abantu abangakholelwayo kubukho bukaThixo batshintshe iimbono zabo.e Abanye abantu ababekade besithi akukho Thixo, baye bagqiba kwelokuba imimangaliso yendalo ibubungqina obubonakalayo ‘beempawu zakhe ezingabonakaliyo’ kunye ‘namandla angunaphakade’ oMdali wethu uYehova uThixo. (Roma 1:20) Nawe khawucingisise ngalo mba. Ayikho enye into ekunokuthethwa ngayo ebaluleke ngaphezu kwale.f
[Imibhalo esemazantsi]
a Nangona wayekholelwa ekubeni izinto zazivelela, isazi sebhayoloji uErnst Mayr wavuma ukuba “amaxhwayela akaphelelanga” kuba kusoloko kuvela iintlobo ezintsha zezinto eziphilayo.
b Ukuwohloka kwezinto okunjalo kubangelwa koko izazinzulu zikubiza ngokuba ngumthetho wesibini wethermodynamics. Lo mthetho uthi, kungokwemvelo ukuba izinto ezilungeleleneyo ziwohloke.
c I-DNA iyakwazi ukutshintshwa zizinto ezifana nemitha ethile okanye amachiza. Kodwa ke ezi zinto azibangeli ukuba kuvele ezinye izidalwa.—Funda inqaku elithi “Ngaba Imfundiso Yendaleko Iyinyaniso?” kuVukani! kaSeptemba 2006.
d Funda incwadi ethi Is There a Creator Who Cares About You? epapashwe ngamaNgqina kaYehova.
e Funda inqaku elithi “Ndikhule Ndingakholelwa Kubukho BukaThixo” kuVukani! kaNovemba 2010.
f Ukuze ufumane inkcazelo engakumbi ngokuphathelele impikiswano yokudalwa nokuzivelela kwezinto, funda incwadana enemifanekiso ethi Ngaba Izinto Eziphilayo Zadalwa? nethi The Origin of Life—Five Questions Worth Asking, ezipapashwe ngamaNgqina kaYehova.
[Ibhokisi ekwiphepha 8]
NGABA ABANTU BAYA BESIBA BATSHA OKANYE NGABA BAYAWOHLOKA?
Ezinye izazinzulu zithi zixhalabile kuba kubonakala ngathi i-DNA yabantu iyawohloka ngenxa yokutshintshatshintsha okanye ukungafezeki. Ukuba oku kuyinyaniso, loo nto iya kusingela phantsi ingcamango yokuba siya sisiba batsha okanye siphucuka. Kodwa ukuba nguThixo owadala i-DNA yabantu, kutheni isiba neengxaki? IBhayibhile isixelela ngoko singenakukuchazelwa yinzululwazi—ukuba ukungafezeki kwabantu kubangelwa sisono okanye ukungamthobeli uThixo. AmaRoma 5:12 athi: “Njengokuba isono sangena ngamntu mnye [uAdam] ehlabathini nokufa ngaso isono.” Ngoko ke, ukuwohloka kwe-DNA kuyayiphikisa imbono yokuzivelela kwezinto kodwa kuxhaswa yiBhayibhile. Ngaba oko kuthetha ukuba i-DNA iya kuqhubeka iwohloka ngonaphakade? Akunjalo! UThixo uthembisa ukuba uza kubanceda abantu aze awulungise wonke umonakalo owabangelwa ngabazali bethu bokuqala. NguMdali wethu oza kuyenza ifezeke i-DNA kungekhona ukuzivelela kwezinto.—ISityhilelo 21:3, 4.
[Ibhokisi ekwiphepha 9]
LUDE KANGAKANANI “USUKU”?
EBhayibhileni igama elithi “usuku” lubhekisela kumaxesha anobude obahlukahlukeneyo. Ngokomzekelo, kwiGenesis 2:4 kuthethwa “ngeentsuku” ezintandathu zokudala ‘njengosuku olunye uYehova uThixo awenza ngalo umhlaba nezulu.’ Kuyabonakala ukuba suku ngalunye laligubungela ixesha elide. Okubangel’ umdla kukuba, nangona iBhayibhile ithetha ngesiphelo sosuku ngalunye kwezi zintandathu zokuqala, ayithethi ngokuphela kolu lwesixhenxe. Kutheni? Kaloku olo suku lusaqhubeka nangoku.—Genesis 2:3; Hebhere 4:4-6, 11.
[Umfanekiso okwiphepha 8]
Xa zingakhathalelwanga, izinto zidla ngokonakala
[Umfanekiso okwiphepha 8, 9]
Amandla kaThixo nezinye iimpawu zakhe zibonakala kwindalo