‘Ubuqaqawuli’ Beenkwenkwezi

NGABA wakha wamangaliswa kukubona amawaka eenkwenkwezi esibhakabhakeni kubusuku obuzolileyo? Njengoko wawujonge ukukhanya kwazo, mhlawumbi waphawula ukuba azikhanyi ngokufanayo, zingafani nangombala. IBhayibhile ichanile xa isithi: “Inkwenkwezi iyahluka kwenye inkwenkwezi ngobuqaqawuli.”—1 Korinte 15:41.

Kutheni iinkwenkwezi zingafani ngobuqaqawuli okanye ukukhazimla? Kutheni ezinye zibonakala mhlophe ezinye luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, mthubi okanye bomvu? Kutheni zidanyaza?

Emathunjini ayo, inkwenkwe ineziko elishushu elikhupha amandla angathethekiyo. Ngaloo mandla ke aphumela ngaphandle kuyo ize ibonakale idanyaza. Uya kumangaliswa kukwazi ukuba ezona nkwenkwezi zishushu, zinombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngoxa ezo zingekho shushu zisiba bomvu. Kutheni zingafani?

Ukukhanya singakufanisa namasuntswana ekuthiwa ziiphoton, ezifana namaza obushushu. Iinkwenkwezi esishushu kakhulu zikhupha iiphoton ezinamandla neziba nombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka oba sekugqibeleni kwimibala yomnyama. Ukanti zona iinkwenkwezi ezingeshushu kangako zikhupha iiphoton ezingenamandla kangako neziba bomvu. Inkwenkwezi yethu ilanga, lingasembindini kuba livelisa ukukhanya okuninzi okuluhlaza namthubi. Kutheni ke lingekho luhlaza? Kungenxa yokuba livelisa nokunye ukukhanya. Yiloo nto libonakala ngathi limhlophe xa ulijonge usemajukujukwini.

Isibhakabhaka Siyawutshintsha Umbala Welanga

Isibhakabhaka sibangela ukuba ilanga silibone ngeendlela ezahlukahlukeneyo, kuxhomekeke kwixesha losuku. Ngokomzekelo, emini ilanga liba mthubi. Kodwa xa liphuma naxa litshona, lidla ngokuba orenji okanye libe bomvu. Olu tshintsho lubangelwa ziimolekyuli zegesi, umphunga nezinye izinto ezisemoyeni ezibonwa ngemikroskopu.

Ngenxa yezinto ezakha isibhakabhaka kuye kuqaqambe lo mbala waso uluhlaza nobubomvurha, sitsho sibe sihle xa kuzolile. Emini uthi wakungabikho umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nalowo ububomvurha, ilanga liqale libe mthubi. Kodwa xa lisithela elundini, imitha yalo iye ijonge esibhakabhakeni ngaphambi kokuba ize kufika kuthi. Ngenxa yoko, ukukhanya kwelanga kukhanyisa ngakumbi isibhakabhaka kutsho kuqaqambe umbala waso nalowo uluhlaza okwengca. Yiloo nto liye libonakale ngathi yibhola entle ebomvu.

Isibhakabhaka Esimibala-bala Sasebusuku

Indlela esisibona ngayo isibhakabhaka ebusuku ixhomekeke kwindlela asebenza ngayo amehlo ethu. Ukukhanya kungena ngeendlela ezimbini emehlweni ethu—ngeecones neerods. Iicones zahlula imibala, kodwa ziyayeka ukusebenza xa ilitha liluzizi kakhulu. Iirods ziluncedo gqitha ekwamkeleni ukukhanya nakuba zingakwazi kangako ukwahlukanisa imibala. Xa isebenza kakuhle, irod inokubona nokona kukhanya kuncinane! Noko ke, iirods ziyibona bhetele imibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka esekugqibeleni kwimibala yomnyama. Ngenxa yoko, xa sijonga iinkwenkwezi ngeliso lethu sidla ngokubona eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngaphezu kwezibomvu. Noko ke okuvuyisayo kukuba sinazo ezinye izixhobo esinokujonga ngazo ngaphandle kweliso.

Izibonakude (Binoculars) neeteleskopu zisinceda sizibone kakuhle izinto ezikhanya luzizi esibhakabhakeni, njengeenkwenkwezi, iminyele yeenkwenkwezi, iicomet neenebula. Sekunjalo, isibhakabhaka sisenza singakwazi ukuzibona ngokucacileyo. Le ngxaki iye yalungiswa ngokusetyenziswa kweHubble Space Telescope okanye iHST ejikeleza umhlaba. Le teleskopu ibona nokona kukhanya kuncinane singenakukubona ngeli lenyama! Ngenxa yoko, iHST iye yasinceda sabona eyona mifanekiso yakha yamihle yezinto ezisemajukujukwini, kuquka iminyele yeenkwenkwezi, iingqimba zamafu othuli oluphakathi kweenkwenkwezi negesi ekuthiwa yinebula.

Sekunjalo, kukho ezinye iiteleskopu ezintsha ezisebenza bhetele kuneHST kwiinkalo ezithile. Ngokomzekelo, ezi teleskopu zenziwe ngendlela entsonkothileyo zinceda izazi ngeenkwenkwezi zibone bhetele kunaxa zisebenzisa iHST. Omnye wemizekelo yiW. M. Keck Observatory ekwiziqithi zaseHawaii, egcinwe kuyo iteleskopu iKeck I enye yezona teleskopu zinkulu ehlabathini. Isazi seenkwenkwezi seYunivesithi yaseSydney, eOstreliya, uPeter Tuthill wayesebenzisa le teleskopu xa wabona iingqimba zothuli ezaziphuma kwiinkwenkwezi ezimbini ezazijikelezana kwikroza leSagittarius elibonakala kuthi ngathi likufuphi nombindi womnyele wethu iMilky Way.

Okukhona izazi zeenkwenkwezi zifunda ngakumbi ngezinto ezisemajukujukwini kokukhona zibona iinkwenkwezi neminyele engakumbi. Lingakanani inani lezi zinto? Akukho mntu waziyo. Kodwa akunjalo ngoMdali wethu, uYehova uThixo. INdumiso 147:4 ithi: “Ubala inani leenkwenkwezi; zonke uzibiza ngamagama azo.”

Nomprofeti uIsaya wathetha amazwi afanayo. Wachaza nenyaniso ecacileyo yokuba indalo iphela yenziwa ngamandla kaThixo angenasiphelo. UIsaya wathi: “Phakamiselani amehlo enu phezulu nize nibone. Ngubani na odale ezi zinto? NguLowo uzisa umkhosi wazo kanye ngokwenani, uzibiza nangegama xa zizonke. Ngenxa yamandla amakhulu, kanjalo womelele ngamandla, akukho nanye esalayo.”—Isaya 40:26.

UIsaya owayephila kwiminyaka engaphezu kwama-2 700 eyadlulayo wayazi njani into yokuba indalo yenziwa ngamandla kaThixo angenasiphelo? Yayingenakubangelwa kukuba krelekrele kwakhe! Kunoko, wabhala izinto uYehova awayemphefumlele ukuba azibhale. (2 Timoti 3:16) Ngenxa yoko, yena nabanye ababhali beBhayibhile wenza into engenakwenziwa yincwadi yenzululwazi okanye iteleskopu. Bamazi Lowo wenza iinkwenkwezi zibe nobuqaqawuli nozuko.

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KUTHENI IINKWENKWEZI ZIDANYAZA NJE?

Iinkwenkwezi ziyadanyaza okanye zibonakale zitshintsha ukukhanya okanye zihamba ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kwesibhakabhaka somhlaba. Ngokomzekelo, yiba nomfanekiso wezibane ezincinane ezikhanyisa ngaphantsi kwamanzi. Kwenzeka ntoni kuzo xa kudlula amanzi ashukumayo kuzo? Ziyadanyaza njengeenkwenkwezi. Kodwa zona izibane ezikhulu bezingayi kufane ziphazamiseke. Izijikelezi-langa zifana nezo zibane zikhulu, kungekhona ngenxa yokuba zinkulu kuneenkwenkwezi kodwa ngenxa yokuba zisondele emhlabeni yaye zibonakala zinkulu.

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IMIBALA YEEFOTO: NGABA INJALO NGOKWENENE?

Ngenxa yeHubble Space Telescope (HST), usenokuba ukhe wayibona imifanekiso enemibala emihle yeminyele yeenkwenkwezi, iingqimba zothuli olusemafini kunye neenkwenkwezi. Ngaba leyo yimibala yazo ngokwenene? Inyaniso kukuba asiyiyo ncam. Imifanekiso yeHST iba mnyama namhlophe kodwa iye ixutywe neminye. Izazi ngenkwenkwezi neencutshe zokufota zifakela imibala engakumbi kwezi foto ukuze kuphume imifanekiso enemibala ezikholelwa ukuba yeyezinto ezisesibhakabhakeni.a Maxa wambi izazinzulu ziye zivelise ngabom imifanekiso engeyiyo ukuze zibalaselise izinto ezithile, mhlawumbi kuba kuza kufundwa ngazo kwinzululwazi.

[Umbhalo osemazantsi]

[Imifanekiso]

Umbala omhlophe namnyama

Umbala obomvu

Umbala oluhlaza

Umbala oblowu

Umfanekiso emva kokudibanisa le mibala mithathu

[Inkcazelo]

J. Hester and P. Scowen (AZ State Univ.), NASA

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The star V838 Monocerotis

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Interacting galaxies Arp 273

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NASA, ESA, and the Hubble Heritage (STScI/AURA) -ESA/Hubble Collaboration

[Inkcazelo Ngemifanekiso ekwiphepha 16]

V838: NASA, ESA, and H. Bond (STScI); Arp 273: NASA, ESA, and the Hubble Heritage Team (STScI/AURA)