Yiba Nokholo Ukuze Uzuze Ubomi Obungunaphakade
“Singabokholo olusa ekuzuzeni umphefumlo.”—HEBHERE 10:39.
1. Yintoni intyilalwazi yamaKatolika eyivumayo ngokuphathelele ukusebenzisa kweBhayibhile igama elithi “umphefumlo”?
AYIKHO indawo eBhayibhileni ethi abantu banomphefumlo ongafiyo ngoxa umzimba usifa uze uphile kwelemimoya ngonaphakade. KwaneNew Catholic Encyclopedia iyavuma isithi: “Ingcamango yokuba umphefumlo awufi ayikaqondakali ngokupheleleyo eBhayibhileni. . . . KwiT[estamente] E[ndala] umphefumlo awuyonxalenye yomntu, kodwa ungumntu ngokupheleleyo—umntu njengesidalwa esiphilileyo. Ngokufanayo, kwiT[estamente] E[ntsha] ubhekisela kubomi bomntu: ubomi bomntu ngamnye.” Ngoko abantu abanamiphefumlo, bayimiphefumlo.
2. (a) Yavela phi inkolelo yokungafi komphefumlo? (b) Yiyiphi inyaniso emalunga nemeko yomntu emva kokufa?
2 Njengoko inqaku elandulelayo libonisile, inkolelo yokuba umphefumlo awufi yingcamango yobuhedeni enokulandwa isusela emva phayaa kumaxesha asembalini. Umyili wayo ngulowo waphikisanayo nenkcazelo eyayicacile kaThixo yokuba umntu wayeya “kufa” ngenxa yokungathobeli. (Genesis 2:17) Yayingumchasi, uSathana uMtyholi, owathi: “Anisayi kufa.” (Genesis 3:4) Yaye obo yayibubuxoki. (Yohane 8:44) Kamva, uSathana wavelisa imfundiso yokungafi komphefumlo womntu. Kodwa inyaniso engemeko yomntu emva kokufa injengokuba ichazwe kwiLizwi likaThixo eliphefumlelweyo kwiNtshumayeli 9:5 elithi: “Abafileyo abazi lutho.”—Bona kwanamaRoma 5:12.
Ithemba Lobomi Obungunaphakade
3. IBhayibhile ithetha kakhulu ngaliphi ithemba?
3 Ngoxa iBhayibhile ibonisa ngokucacileyo ukuba akukho nto enjengomphefumlo ongafiyo, ithetha okuninzi ngobomi obungunaphakade. Ithemba lobomi obungenasiphelo laliyimfundiso kaYesu esisiseko. Wathi: “Bubo ke obu ubomi obungunaphakade, ukuba mabakwazi, wena ukuphela koThixo oyinyaniso, naye uYesu Kristu omthumileyo.” (Yohane 17:3) Ngokuphathelele abo banokholo kuThixo nakuKristu, uYesu wathi: ‘Mna ndibanika ubomi obungunaphakade.’ (Yohane 10:28) Eqiniseke ngokupheleleyo, wathi: “Lowo ukholwayo kum unobomi obungunaphakade. . . . Wodla ubomi ngonaphakade.” (Yohane 6:47, 51) Yaye wakwavakalisa oku: “Kuba wenjenje uThixo ukulithanda kwakhe ihlabathi, ude wancama uNyana wakhe okuphela kwamzeleyo, ukuze bonke abakholwayo kuye bangatshabalali, koko babe nobomi obungunaphakade.”—Yohane 3:16.
4. UYesu wathini ngethemba lekamva?
4 Ekubeni ungekho umphefumlo ongafiyo, liya kuzalisekiswa njani idinga leBhayibhile lokuphila ubomi obungunaphakade? UYesu wanikela inkcazelo engakumbi ngoku xa wayetyelele uMarta noMariya emva kokufa komntakwabo uLazaro. Wathi kuMarta: “Ndim uvuko, ndim ubomi; lowo ukholwayo kum, nokuba ubethe wafa, wodla ubomi.” Wabuza uMarta wathi: “Uyakholwa na koko?” Waphendula wathi: “Ewe, Nkosi, mna ndiyakholwa ukuba wena unguye uKristu, uNyana kaThixo.”—Yohane 11:25-27.
5, 6. Kwabonisa ntoni ukuvusela kukaYesu uLazaro ebomini?
5 Ukuze abonise ukuba yena, njengoNyana kaThixo, wayenikwe amandla okuvusela abafileyo ebomini, uYesu waya engcwabeni likaLazaro. ULazaro wayeneentsuku ezine efile, yaye umzimba wakhe wawusele uqalise ukubola. Sekunjalo, “[uYesu] wadanduluka ngezwi elikhulu, wathi, Lazaro, phuma. Waphuma ofileyo, ebotshiwe iinyawo nezandla ngezithandelo, nobuso bakhe bujikelwe ngeqhiya. Athi kubo uYesu, Mkhululeni, nimyeke ahambe.” (Yohane 11:43, 44) ULazaro owayefile wayebuyiselwe ebomini!
6 ULazaro akazange abuyiswe evela ezulwini okanye kwindawo engenye ekwelemimoya. Akazange aye kwelemimoya xa wafayo kodwa wayengazi nto engcwabeni, apho bakhoyo bonke abafileyo. (INdumiso 146:4; Yohane 3:13; IZenzo 2:34) Bekungayi kuba yinto esengqiqweni ukucinga ukuba umphefumlo ongafiyo kaLazaro wawuzonwabele ezulwini waza ke loo mphefumlo waxhwilwa usuka ezulwini ukuze uphinde umanyaniswe nomzimba ongafezekanga osemhlabeni ukuze uphile kwakhona kwihlabathi elizaliswe ziinkxwaleko, kukugula nakukufa. Kodwa ekubeni wayengekho zulwini, wakwamkela ukubuyiselwa kwakhe ebomini, kuba kwakuthetha iminyaka eyongezelelekileyo ephila neyokuphinda amanyaniswe nabo wayebathanda. Kamva, wayeza kufa kwakhona.
7, 8. (a) Ziziphi ezinye izihlandlo awathi uYesu wavusa ngazo abafileyo? (b) Kwakutheni ukuze uYesu enze loo mimangaliso yokubuyisela abantu ebomini?
7 Xa uYesu wavusa intombazana eyayifile, abazali bayo “bathi nqa ngokuthi nqa okukhulu.” (Marko 5:42) Ukanti, ekugqibeleni kwanaloo ntombazana yaphinda yafa. Xa uYesu wavusa unyana womhlolokazi waseNayin owayefile, “bangenwa ke kukoyika bonke. Babemzukisa uThixo.” (Luka 7:16) Kodwa naloo ndoda ekugqibeleni yafa. Mayela nale mimangaliso, iThe New International Dictionary of New Testament Theology iyangqina isithi: “Abo babevuswe nguKristu kubulungiseleli bakhe basemhlabeni kwafuneka bafe, ekubeni ukubavusa kwakhe kwakungaqinisekisi ukungafi.”
8 Kwakutheni ukuze uYesu abavuse aba ekufeni? Wayengaqinisekisi ukuphila ubomi obungunaphakade ngelo xesha, kodwa wayebonisa ukuba wayenguMesiya nokuba uThixo wayemnike amandla ukuba akwenze oko. Oku kwakha ukholo kwithemba lovuko nakubomi obungunaphakade phantsi kolawulo oluzayo loBukumkani bukaThixo basezulwini obulawulwa nguKristu.—Mateyu 6:9, 10; Yohane 11:41, 42.
9. UMarta noPawulos bayiqonda ngokuchanileyo njani imfundiso engethemba lovuko?
9 UMarta wayesazi ngeli themba ngethuba laxa wayenxulumene noYesu, kuba ngaphambili wayethe kuye ngokuphathelele uLazaro: “Ndiyazi ukuba uya kubuya avuke eluvukweni, ngomhla wokugqibela.” (Yohane 11:24) Wayesazi ukuba uvuko lwalungazi kubakho ngomhla wakhe (uLazaro) wokugqibela, kodwa kwixesha elizayo, “ngomhla wokugqibela”—uMhla Womgwebo, xa abafileyo babeya kuvuselwa kulawulo loBukumkani bukaThixo. Nompostile uPawulos wayekwazi oku, kuba wathi: “[UThixo] emise umhla, aza kuligweba ngawo elimiweyo ngobulungisa.” (IZenzo 17:31) UPawulos wakwathi: “Kuza kubakho uvuko lwabafileyo, lwamalungisa kwanolwabangemalungisa.” (IZenzo 24:15) Akazange athi uvuko lwalusele lukho kodwa ‘lwaluza kubakho’ kwixesha elizayo—phantsi kolawulo loBukumkani.
10. Unjingalwazi waseFransi unikela waphi amagqabaza malunga neenkolelo zeNgqobhoko ezingovuko xa zithelekiswa nemfundiso ecacileyo yeBhayibhile?
10 Kwincwadi ethi Immortality of the Soul or Resurrection of the Dead? unjingalwazi waseFransi ongumProtestanti uOscar Cullmann uyabhala: “Kukho umahluko omkhulu phakathi kovuko lwabafileyo olulindelwe ngamaKristu nenkolelo yamaGrike yokungafi komphefumlo. . . . Nangona ubuKristu bathi kamva bavelisa unxibelelwano phakathi kwezi nkolelo zimbini, yaye namhlanje umndilili wamaKristu uzibhidanisa ngokupheleleyo, andisiboni isizathu sokukufihla oko mna nenkoliso yabaphengululi sikugqala kuyinyaniso. . . . Umongo nengcamango yeTestamente Entsha zilubalaselisa ngokupheleleyo ukholo eluvukweni. . . . Umntu opheleleyo, ofe ngokwenene, ubuyiselwa ebomini ngesenzo esitsha sikaThixo sokudala.”
Uvuko—Phi?
11, 12. (a) Yiyiphi injongo kaThixo ngabantu nangalo mhlaba? (b) UYesu wabonisa njani ukuba injongo kaThixo ngomhlaba ayiguqukanga?
11 Xa uThixo wadala abantu, wabanika umhlaba njengekhaya labo likanaphakade yaye wayenenjongo yokuzalisa lo mhlaba ngesizwe sabantu esingamalungisa. (Genesis 1:26-28; INdumiso 115:16) IBhayibhile ithetha ngoYehova ‘njengoMenzi wehlabathi, uMseki walo, yena walizinzisayo [akalidalelanga ukuba kube senyanyeni, walibumba ukuba limiwe].’—Isaya 45:18.
12 Phezu kwawo nje amawaka eminyaka yokungafezeki nokufa ukususela kwimvukelo yomntu, kuseyinjongo kaThixo ukuba umhlaba ube likhaya lomntu ngonaphakade: “Amalungisa aya kulidla ilifa ilizwe, ahlale kulo ngonaphakade.” (INdumiso 37:29) “Banoyolo abanobulali; ngokuba umhlaba baya kuwudla ilifa bona.” (Mateyu 5:5) Ngaloo ndlela, xa uYesu wayebuyisela abafi ebomini, wabavusela kanye apha emhlabeni, yaye kwangoko baqondwa ngabanye njengabo babefile. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba phantsi kolawulo loBukumkani abafileyo baya kubuyiselwa ebomini emhlabeni ukuze babe nethuba lokuphila kuwo ngonaphakade. (ISityhilelo 20:12, 13) Oku kuya kuzalisekisa injongo kaThixo ngabantu nangomhlaba.—Isaya 46:9-11; 55:11; Tito 1:1, 2.
13. Iicawa zeNgqobhoko zijamelene nayiphi ingxaki, yaye zizama ukuyicombulula njani?
13 Noko ke, ekubeni iicawa zeNgqobhoko zikholelwa ekungafini komphefumlo, oku kuzifaka engxakini: zinokukuvisisanisa njani ukuvuswa “komntu opheleleyo” njengoko kwaboniswa nguYesu, nenkolelo yazo yomphefumlo ongafiyo osele ukho ezulwini okanye esihogweni? IThe Catholic Encyclopedia ivakalisa oku: “IBhunga leSine leLateran lifundisa ukuba bonke abantu, enoba bangabanyuliweyo okanye abagwetyiweyo, ‘baya kuvuka kwakhona benemizimba yabo abanayo ngoku.’” Yongezelela isithi: “Njengoko umzimba udlelana nomphefumlo ngolwaphulo-mthetho, yaye ukwalidlelane lokulunga kwawo, kubonakala ukuba okusesikweni kukaThixo kufuna ukuba umzimba ube lidlelane nokohlwaywa komphefumlo kwanokuzuza kwawo umvuzo.” Ngokwale nkolelo, umzimba uya kumanyaniswa nomphefumlo ezulwini okanye esihogweni. Kangangexesha elingakanani? Loo mthombo uthi: “Imizimba evusiweyo yabangcwele neyaboni iya kujizekwa ngokungafi.”
14. Umbhali ongumJesuit uzama njani ukuchaza imbono yeNgqobhoko yokuvuswa komzimba?
14 Kwincwadi ethi The Future Life, ebhalwe ngumJesuit uJ. C. Sasia, sifunda oku: “Ngoko ke ubomi basezulwini buya kuba bobeziyolo kwanangengqiqo ezukisiweyo [yomzimba omanyaniswe nomphefumlo].” Ngokubhekisele kwimizimba emanyaniswe nemiphefumlo yayo esihogweni, loo mthombo uthi: “Esihogweni, emva kovuko [lomzimba], isivamvo ngasinye somzimba womntu siya kuzuza isohlwayo saso esahlukileyo . . . isivamvo sokuva okanye sokuchukumisa siya kuba sesona sithuthunjiswayo, kuba ngokukhethekileyo kungezono zenyama abathe abagwetyiweyo bamona uThixo. . . . Ukumanyaniswa kwabo nemizimba yabo kubo kuya kuba ngunobangela owongezelelekileyo wentuthumbo neenkxwaleko.”
15. Kutheni ikukunyelisa nje ukufundisa ukuba uThixo uthuthumbisa abantu ngonaphakade esihogweni?
15 Ngaloo ndlela, ukwamkela kweNgqobhoko ingcamango yobuhedeni yokungafi komphefumlo kwayivulela indlela yokwamkela kwanengcamango yobuhedeni yokuthuthunjiswa okuqatha kwemiphefumlo—kwanemizimba—ngonaphakade esihogweni. Kanti, ngokuphathelele uqheliselo lwamandulo lokutshiswa kwabantwana njengamadini koothixo bobuxoki, uYehova wathi: “[Batshisa] oonyana babo ngomlilo, babe ngamadini anyukayo kuBhahali, into endingabawiselanga mthetho ngayo, endingayithethanga, engathanga qatha entliziyweni yam.” (Yeremiya 19:5) Ngoko kusisinyeliso ukufundisa ukuba uThixo uthuthumbisa abantu ngonaphakade, ngoxa iLizwi lakhe libonisa ngokucacileyo ukuba aboni abangaguqukiyo baya kutshatyalaliswa, bangabikho. “Yothi ke yonke imiphefumlo engathanga imve loo mprofeti [uYesu], ibhujiswe kuphele.”—IZenzo 3:23; bona kwanoMateyu 10:28; Luka 17:27; Yohane 3:16; 2 Petros 2:12; Yuda 5.
Ukungafi
16. IBhayibhile ifundisa ntoni ngokungafi?
16 Noko ke, ngaba iBhayibhile ayifundisi ukuba abantu baya kuthatyathelwa ezulwini ukuze baphile ubomi bokungafi apho? Ewe, ifundisa njalo. Kodwa oku akunanto yakwenza nako nakuphi na ukungafi kwemiphefumlo yabantu. Ukungafi kungumphumo wokuvuswa komntu njengesidalwa sokomoya (njengokuba kwakunjalo ngoYesu) yaye kungengenxa yomphefumlo ongafiyo oye wasinda ekufeni. Umvuzo wexesha elizayo wokungafi wawuthenjiswe abantu abathile abathembekileyo abanjengoKristu yaye wawuza kuzalisekiswa kuphela xa uKristu ekumandla oBukumkani ezulwini, kungekhona emva nje kokunyukela kukaKristu ezulwini ngenkulungwane yokuqala.—INdumiso 110:1; 1 Korinte 15:53, 54.
17. Bangaphi abaya kuzuza ukungafi, yaye banayiphi indima kwinjongo kaThixo ngomhlaba?
17 Ngaphezu koko, ngokwentelekiso bambalwa abazuza elo themba kwintsapho yoluntu. UYesu wababiza aba ‘njengomhlambi omncinane.’ (Luka 12:32) Eli qela, elili-144 000, livuselwa kubomi basezulwini njengezidalwa zokomoya ezingafiyo ukuze zilawule umhlaba noKristu kuBukumkani bakhe basezulwini. (2 Petros 3:13; ISityhilelo 7:4; 14:1, 4; 20:4) Ngexesha elifanelekileyo, umhlaba abaya kuwulawula uya kube unabemi, abantu abafezekileyo, ngokungathandabuzekiyo abangamawaka ezigidi. Uninzi lwabo luya kuba ngabantu abaya kubuyela emhlabeni ‘ngovuko lwamalungisa kwanolwabangemalungisa.’ (IZenzo 24:15) Kanti, kuya kubakho abanye abaya kuzuza ubomi kwihlabathi elitsha ngaphandle kwabo bavuswe ekufeni. Bangoobani abanye aba?
“Abasayi Kufa Naphakade”
18. Ukongezelela kwithemba lovuko lwabafileyo, yintoni emangalisayo uYesu awayixela kwangaphambili?
18 Ngoxa ithemba eliqinisekileyo labafi iluvuko, kukho elinye ithemba elimangalisayo kwixesha lethu. Linento yokwenza noko uYesu wakuxelela uMarta. Emva kokuba ethe: “Lowo ukholwayo kum, nokuba ubethe wafa wodla ubomi [eluvukweni]” uYesu wongezelela esithi: “Bonke abadla ubomi bekholwa kum, abasayi kufa naphakade.” (Yohane 11:25, 26) Kula mazwi amva, uYesu wayexela kwangaphambili into eyothusayo: Kwakuya kufika ixesha laxa kungasayi kufuneka ukuba abantu abaphilayo bafe! Kodwa kwakuya kwenzeka nini oko?
19. (a) Ithemba lokungaze kufiwe liya kuzaliseka ebudeni baliphi ixesha? (b) IBhayibhile ibachaza njani abo banethemba lokungaze bafe kwakhona?
19 Ngoku—kumhla wethu—kulixesha lokuba elo dinga lizalisekiswe! Bonke ubungqina bubonisa ukuba sisondele gqitha esiphelweni seli hlabathi libi. (Mateyu 24:3-14; 2 Timoti 3:1-5, 13) Ngaloo ndlela, namhlanje abantu abanokholo kuThixo nakuNyana wakhe banethemba elichwayitisayo lokusinda ekupheleni kwale nkqubo baze baqhubeke bephila kwihlabathi elitsha likaThixo—bangaze bafe! Aba kuthethwa ngabo kwiSityhilelo 7:9, 14 ‘njengesihlwele esikhulu, ebekungekho namnye unako ukusibala, siphuma kuzo zonke iintlanga, nezizwe, nabantu neelwimi . . . abaphuma embandezelweni enkulu,’ belondolozwe nguThixo ngenxa yokubonakalisa kwabo ukholo. UYesu wathetha ngokupheliswa okuzayo kwale nkqubo ingendawo yezinto ‘njengembandezelo enkulu, ekungazanga kubekho injalo kwasekuqalekeni kwehlabathi, kwada kwaba kalokunje, ekungasayi kubuye kubekho injalo.’—Mateyu 24:21; bona kwaneMizekeliso 2:21, 22; INdumiso 37:10, 11, 34.
20, 21. Namhlanje izigidi zilubonakalisa njani ukholo kuThixo nakuKristu, yaye yintoni engasayi kufuneka kwabaninzi bazo?
20 Kulo lonke ihlabathi, izigidi zesihlwele esikhulu ezifuna ukuphila ngonaphakade emhlabeni sele zibonakalisa ukuba nokholo kumadinga kaThixo kwanakulowo aye wamnika igunya lokuba abe ‘luvuko, nobomi,’ uYesu Kristu. Yaye baye babahlulela ubomi babo kuThixo, bekubonakalisa oko ngobhaptizo lwasemanzini. (Mateyu 28:19, 20) Bayavuma ukuba ukuze basindiswe baxhomekeke ngokupheleleyo ‘kuThixo, lowo uhleli phezu kwetrone, nakuyo iMvana,’ uYesu Kristu.—ISityhilelo 7:10.
21 Abo besihlwele esikhulu abaya kusinda ekuphelisweni kweli hlabathi akusayi kufuneka ukuba bavuswe kwabafileyo kuba “abasayi kufa naphakade”! Ngaba usebenzela ukuba ngomnye weli qela? Ukuba kunjalo, elinjani lona ilungelo ukuba lelimangalisayo nelikhethekileyo elikuvulekeleyo—elo lokusinda kwisiphelo sale nkqubo ingendawo kaSathana nokukhokelelwa kwihlabathi elitsha lobulungisa eliya kukuzisela impilo efezekileyo nobomi obungunaphakade kumhlaba oyiparadisi! (Luka 23:43; ISityhilelo 21:4, 5) Ngokufunda oko kukukuthanda kukaThixo nokuqhubeka ngenzondelelo ukwenza, usenokubonisa ukuba ‘awunguye lowo uhlehla aye entshabalalweni.’ Nawe ‘unokholo olusa ekuzuzeni umphefumlo.’—Hebhere 10:39; 1 Yohane 2:15-17; ISityhilelo 7:15.
Imibuzo Yempinda
◻ Liyintoni ithemba lokwenene ngabafileyo?
◻ Kutheni inkolelo yeNgqobhoko engokuvuka komzimba isisigculelo kuThixo nje?
◻ IBhayibhile ifundisa ntoni ngokungafi komphefumlo?
◻ Liliphi ithemba elimangalisayo abantu abanokuba nalo namhlanje?