Kutheni Kulula Kangaka Ukuxoka?

AKAKHO umntu okuthandayo ukuxokiswa. Kanti, abantu ehlabathini lonke bayaxokisana ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukahlukeneyo. Uhlolisiso lwezimvo olwapapashwa kwincwadi ethi The Day America Told the Truth, ebhalwe nguJames Patterson noPeter Kim, lwatyhila ukuba ama-91 ekhulwini abantu baseMerika baxoka rhoqo. Ababhali bathi: “Uninzi lwethu lukufumanisa kunzima ukuhlala iveki yonke lungakhange luxoke. Umntu omnye kwabahlanu akakwazi ukuhlala nosuku olunye engakhange axoke—yaye sibhekisela kubuxoki bangabom, obucetywe kwangaphambili.”

Ukuxoka kuyinto eqhelekileyo phantse kuzo zonke iinkalo zobomi banamhlanje. Iinkokeli zobupolitika ziyabaxokisa abantu bazo yaye nazo ziyaxokisana. Amathuba amaninzi, ziye zavela kumabonwakude zikhanyela ukuba zinento yokwenza namayelenqe alihlazo nakubeni eneneni bezibandakanyeke ngokunzulu kuwo. Kwincwadi yakhe ethi Lying—Moral Choice in Public and Private Life, uSissela Bok uyaphawula: “Emthethweni nakumsebenzi wobuntatheli, eburhulumenteni nakwiinzululwazi zobupolitiko, inkohliso ijongwa njengeyamkelekileyo xa ithethelelwa ngabo baxokayo nabatyekele ekumiseni imithetho.”

Ibhekisela kubuxoki bezobupolitika eUnited States, iCommon Cause Magazine kaMeyi/Juni 1989 yaphawula: “Xa kuthethwa ngenkohliso eyenziwa ngurhulumente nokungathembeki kukawonke wonke isiganeko sobuqhophololo saseWatergate nesaseVietnam ngokuqinisekileyo azahlukanga kubuqhophololo bokuthengiselwa kweIran izixhobo ngokungekho mthethweni. Ngoko yintoni eyenza ixesha lokuba ngumongameli kukaReagan eUnited States lahluke kangako? Abaninzi baxoka, kodwa bambalwa ababezisola.” Ngoko ke, kufanelekile ukuba abantu ngokuqhelekileyo bangazithembi iinkokeli zabo zobupolitika.

Kulwalamano lwezizwe ngezizwe iinkokeli ezinjalo zikufumanisa kunzima ukuthembana. Isithandi sobulumko esingumGrike uPlato saphawula oku: “Abalawuli beLizwe . . . banokuvunyelwa ukuba baxoke ukuze kulungelwe iLizwe.” Kulwalamano lwezizwe ngezizwe kunjengokuba isiprofeto seBhayibhile kuDaniyeli 11:27 sisitsho: “Bathethe amanga sithebeni sinye.”

Kwezoshishino, ukuxoka ngemveliso nangenzuzo ngumkhuba oqhelekileyo. Abathengi kufuneka balumke xa besenza izivumelwano, baqiniseke ukuba bayakwazi ukufunda isivumelwano esibhalwe ngendlela entsonkothileyo okanye engabonakaliyo. Amanye amazwe anamaziko amiselwe ngurhulumente ukuze kukhuselwe abantu ekuqhathweni xa kubhengezwa izinto ezithengiswayo, kwiindlela zokurhweba eziyingozi eziye zichazwe njengeziyingenelo nezingenabungozi, nasekukhohlisweni. Phezu kwayo nje le migudu, abantu basaqhubeka benyamezele ukuqhathwa ngokwasezimalini ngabarhwebi abaxokayo.

Kwabanye abantu, ukuxoka kulula kangangokuba kude kube ngumkhwa. Abanye ngokuqhelekileyo banenyani, kodwa xa besengxakini bayaxoka. Bambalwa abangaxokiyo nokuba bakweyiphi na imeko.

Ubuxoki buchazwa ngokuthi “1. yingxelo okanye inyathelo lobuxoki, ingakumbi elenzelwe ukukhohlisa . . . 2. nantoni na edlulisela okanye eyenzelwa ukudlulisela ingcamango ephosakeleyo.” Injongo kukwenza abanye bakholelwe into ixoki eliyaziyo ukuba asiyonyaniso. Ngokuxoka okanye ukuthetha inyaniso engaphelelanga, lizama ukukhohlisa abo bafanele bayazi inyaniso.

Izizathu Zokuxoka

Abantu baxoka ngenxa yezizathu ezininzi. Abanye bacinga ukuba banyanzelekile ukuba baxoke ngobuchule abanabo ukuze baphumelele kweli hlabathi lokhuphiswano. Abanye bazama ukuquma iimpazamo okanye amatyala ngokuxoka. Ukanti abanye benza iingxelo ezibubuxoki ukuze kubonakale ngathi benze umsebenzi abangawenzanga. Kwakhona kukho abo baxokayo ukuze banyelise udumo lwabanye, ukuze baphephe ukuphoxeka, bathethelele ubuxoki ababebuthethe ngaphambili, okanye ukuze baqhathe abantu ngemali yabo.

Indlela eqhelekileyo yokuthethelela ubuxoki kukuthi bukhusela omnye umntu. Bambi bakugqala oku ngokuthi bubuxoki obuxolelekayo kuba becinga ukuba abenzakalisi mntu. Kodwa ngaba oko kufane kuthiwe bubuxoki obuxolelekayo ngokwenene akubi namiphumo mibi?

Phawula Imiphumo

Ubuxoki obuxolelekayo bunokuvula indlela enokukhokelela kumkhwa wokuxoka onokubandakanya imicimbi enzulu. USissela Bok uyagqabaza: “Bonke ubuxoki obuthethelelwa ngokuthi ‘bobuxolelekayo’ abunakulibaleka lula. Okokuqala, ukuthi ukuxoka akunabungozi akuyonyaniso. Oko ixoki likujonga njengokungeyongozi okanye kwananjengokuyingenelo kusenokungabi njalo kulowo uxokiswayo.”

Ubuxoki, kungakhathaliseki ukuba bubonakala bumsulwa kangakanani, buyalutshabalalisa ulwalamano oluhle lwabantu. Ixoki liyayeka ukuhlonelwa, yaye lisenokungaze liphinde lithenjwe. Umbhali wezincoko odumileyo uRalph Waldo Emerson wabhala oku: “Ukuxoka ayikokuzibulala ngandlel’ ithile kwexoki nje kuphela, kodwa kuyayenzakalisa impilo yebutho labantu.”

Kulula ngexoki ukuthetha ubuxoki ngomnye umntu. Nangona kungekho bungqina, ubuxoki balo bubangela amathandabuzo, yaye abaninzi bayalikholelwa bengakhange baphande ngoko likutshoyo. Ngaloo ndlela udumo lomntu omsulwa luyonakaliswa, yaye uthwala uxanduva lokuba abonakalise ubumsulwa bakhe. Ngoko ke, kubuhlungu xa abantu bekholelwa ixoki kunomntu omsulwa, yaye kutshabalalisa ulwalamano lwalowo umsulwa kunye nexoki.

Ixoki linokuwuvelisa ngokulula umkhwa wokuxoka. Ngokuqhelekileyo ubuxoki bukhokelela kobunye. UThomas Jefferson, owayeligosa laseburhulumenteni eMerika, waphawula: “Awukho umkhuba okhohlakele, ongcole, nolizothe ngolu hlobo; yaye umntu oxoka kube kanye, ukufumanisa kulula ukuxoka okwesibini nokwesithathu, kude kugqibele ngokuba ngumkhwa.” Yindlela esa ekuwohlokeni kwemikhwa elungileyo.

Isizathu Sokuba Kulula Ukuxoka

Ubuxoki baqalisa xa isithunywa esinemvukelo saxokisa umfazi wokuqala, simxelela ukuba wayengayi kufa ukuba wayengamthobelanga uMdali wakhe. Babangela intlekele engenakuthelekiswa nanto kulo lonke uluntu, bezisa ukungafezeki, ukugula nokufa kubo bonke.—Genesis 3:1-4; Roma 5:12.

Ukususela kwixesha lika-Adam noEva abangenantobelo, le mpembelelo ingcolileyo yoyise wobuxoki ibangele imeko bume ephembelela ukuxoka kubantu behlabathi. (Yohane 8:44) Lihlabathi elidala apho inyaniso inqongopheleyo khona. IThe Saturday Evening Post kaSeptemba 1986 yathi ingxaki yokuxoka “ichaphazela ushishino, urhulumente, imfundo, ukuzonwabisa, kwanolwalamano oluqhelekileyo lwemihla ngemihla phakathi kwabemi bendawo enye naphakathi kwabamelwane. . . . Siyamkele ingcamango ethi akukho nto ibubuxoki, nto leyo ibobona buxoki kuba ithetha ukuthi ayikho inyaniso epheleleyo.”

Bacinga ngolo hlobo abantu abaqhele ukuxoka, abangenaluvelwano ngabo babakhohlisayo. Kubo kulula ukuxoka. Yindlela yabo yokuphila. Kodwa abanye abangaqhelanga kuxoka basenokuxoka ngaphandle kokuthingaza xa besoyika—besoyika ukubhenceka, besoyika ukohlwaywa, nezinye izinto ezifana nezo. Bubuthathaka bokungafezeki. Olu tyekelo lunokuthatyathelwa indawo njani kukuzimisela ukuthetha inyaniso?

Kutheni Sifanele Sibe Nenyaniso?

Inyaniso ngumlinganiselo uMdali wethu obalaseleyo asimisele wona sonke. ILizwi Lakhe elibhaliweyo, iBhayibhile, lithi kumaHebhere 6:18 ‘Akunakwenzeka ukuba uThixo axoke.’ Lo mlinganiselo ukwamnye waphakanyiswa nguNyana wakhe, uYesu Kristu, owayengummeli kaThixo emhlabeni. Kwiinkokeli zonqulo zamaYuda ezazifuna ukumbulala, uYesu wathi: “Nifuna ukubulala mna, mntu unixelele inyaniso endayiva kuThixo. . . . Ukuba ke ndithe andimazi, ndoba ndilixoki njengani.” (Yohane 8:40, 55) Wasimisela umzekelo kuba ‘akenzanga sono, akuzange kufunyanwe nkohliso emlonyeni wakhe.’—1 Petros 2:21, 22.

UMdali wethu, ogama lakhe linguYehova, ukuthiyile ukuxoka, njengokuba IMizekeliso 6:16-19 ngokucacileyo isithi: “Izinto ezintandathu uzithiyile uYehova, ezisixhenxe zingamasikizi emphefumlweni wakhe; ngamehlo aqwayingayo; lulwimi oluxokayo; zizandla eziphalaza igazi elimsulwa; yintliziyo eyila iingcinga zobutshinga; ziinyawo ezikhawulezayo ukugidimela ebubini; lingqina elixokayo, elifutha amanga; nongenisa ingxabano phakathi kwabangabazalwana.”

Lo Thixo unenyaniso ufuna ukuba siphile ngemilinganiselo yakhe ukuze akholiswe sithi. ILizwi Lakhe eliphefumlelweyo liyasiyalela: “Musani ukuxokisana, nizihlubile nje umntu omdala, kunye nezenzo zakhe.” (Kolose 3:9) Abantu abangafuniyo ukwahlukana nomkhwa wokuxoka abamkelekanga kuye; abayi kusifumana isipho sakhe sobomi. Eneneni, INdumiso 5:6 ngeliphandle ithi uThixo “uyabatshabalalisa abathetha amanga.” ISityhilelo 21:8 sihlabela mgama sisithi isabelo sawo “onke amaxoki” “kukufa kwesibini,” okuthetha intshabalalo kanaphakade. Ngoko ukwamkela kwethu imbono kaThixo ngokuxoka kusinika isizathu esomeleleyo sokuthetha inyaniso.

Kodwa kufanele kwenziwe ntoni kwimeko apho inyaniso inokubangela iintloni okanye iimvakalelo ezibuhlungu? Ukuxoka akusokuze kube sisicombululo, kodwa ukuthula maxa wambi kuba siso. Kutheni uthetha ubuxoki obunokonakalisa ukuhlonelwa kwakho kuze kukwenze ungamkelwa nguThixo?

Ngenxa yokoyika nobuthathaka bobuntu, umntu unokulingelwa ukuba enze ubuxoki bube yindawo yakhe yokubalekela. Leyo yeyona nto kulula ukuyenza okanye bububele obuphosakeleyo. Umpostile uPetros wanikezela kwesi silingo xa wakhanyela izihlandlo ezithathu ukuba wayemazi uYesu Kristu. Emva koko, wakhathazeka kuba exokile. (Luka 22:54-62) Ukuguquka kwakhe ngokunyanisekileyo kwashukumisela uThixo ukuba amxolele, njengoko ukusikelelwa kwakhe kamva ngamalungelo amaninzi enkonzo kububungqina boko. Ukuguquka uze uzimisele ukuba uyeke ukuxoka kulikhondo elibangela ukuba uxolelwe nguThixo ngokwenza oko akuthiyileyo.

Kodwa kunokuba ukhethe ukuxoka uze umana ucela uxolo, londoloza ulwalamano oluhle noMdali wakho uze ulondoloze ukuhlonelwa kwakho ngabanye ngokuthetha inyaniso. Khumbula oko INdumiso 15:1, 2 ikutshoyo: “Yehova, ngubani na owophambukela ententeni yakho? Ngubani na owohlala entabeni yakho engcwele? Ngohamba ngokugqibeleleyo, esenza ubulungisa, othetha inyaniso ngentliziyo yakhe.”