Kutheni Abantu Bengathembani Kangaka?
‘NGABA ngokwenene ukho umntu onokumthemba kule mihla?’ Mhlawumbi ukhe weva mntu uthile okhubeke wayinyama ebuza lo mbuzo. Okanye nawe usenokuba ukhe wawubuza loo mbuzo ngenxa yokukhathazeka kwakho ngokweemvakalelo sisiganeko esithile esenzeke ebomini bakho.
Kuyinyaniso ukuba ehlabathini liphela amaziko nabantu abathile abathembani. Kwiimeko ezininzi, zikho izizathu ezibangela ukuba abantu bangathembani. Ngaba ngokwenene ukho umntu olindele ukuba inkoliso yabezobupolitika izenze zonke izinto ebithembise ukuzenza ngaphambi konyulo? Uhlolisiso olwenziwe ngowe-1990 kubafundi abali-1 000 baseJamani lutyhile ukuba ngoxa i-16,5 ekhulwini labo lalinentembelo yokuba abezobupolitika banokuzicombulula iingxaki zehlabathi, baliphinda kabini eli nani abathandabuzayo. Ibe inkoliso yabo yathi ayicingi ukuba abezobupolitika banokuzicombulula iingxaki ingacingi kananjalo ukuba bayafuna ukuzicombulula.
Iphephandaba iStuttgarter Nachrichten lakhalaza lisithi: “Abaninzi gqitha kwezobupolitika bacinga ngeziqu zabo kuqala, bandule ke ukuba kuyenzeka, bacinge ngabo babavoteleyo.” Nabantu abakwamanye amazwe bayakungqina oku. Iphephandaba iThe European lathetha lenjenje ngelinye ilizwe: “Ukugxibha nokubek’ amabala kolutsha abezobupolitika kunzulu yaye bakuncance ebeleni.” Lathi ‘abantu abanelungelo lokuvota bayibhukuqa mihla le imibutho yezobupolitika elawulayo.’ Eli phephandaba lalek’ umsundulo lisithi: “Nabani na okhe achithe ixesha ehleli nolutsha [kwelo lizwe] ukuphawula zisuka ukungabi nantembelo kwalo nemvakalelo yokuziva lulahliwe.” Ukanti, kuncinane okunokuphunyezwa ngurhulumente wedemokrasi xa engathenjwa ngabantu. Owayesakuba ngumongameli welaseUnited States uJohn F. Kennedy wakha wathi: “Eyona nto ingundoqo ukuze urhulumente aphumelele kukuthenjwa ngabantu.”
Ngokuphathelele ekuthembeleni ngemali, ukuwohloka ngesiquphe kwezoqoqosho neendlela zokungenisa imali ekhawulezileyo ezingaphumeleliyo ziye zabenza bamathidala abanye. Xa ezorhwebo zehlabathi zagungqa ngokungalawulekiyo ngo-Oktobha 1997, elinye iphephancwadi leendaba lathetha “ngokungathembani okugqith’ emgceni nokuthi maxa wambi kungabikho ngqiqweni” kunye “nokosulelana ngokungathembani.” Kwakhona lathi “[kwilizwe elithile laseAsia] ukuthembana kuphele kangangokuba kwaubukho bukarhulumente . . . bubonakala busongelwa.” Xa lalishwankathela, lathetha into eyaziwa nanguthathatha yokuba: “Uqoqosho luxhomekeke ekuthembaneni.”
Nonqulo aluthembekanga. Ulindixesha wonqulo waseJamani iChrist in der Gegenwart uthetha kalusizi usithi: “Abantu baya bephelelwa yintembelo kwiCawa.” Phakathi kowe-1986 nowe-1992, inani lamaJamani abebeyithembe gqitha, okanye abayithembe ubuncinane ukusa kumkhamo othile icawa lihle ukususela kuma-40 laya kutsho kuma-33 ekhulwini. Phofu ke, kwelo belisakuba yiMpuma Jamani, lihle laya kutsho ngaphantsi kwama-20 ekhulwini. Kwelinye icala, inani labantu abangenantembelo kangako okanye abangenayo kwaphela kwicawa lintinge ukususela kuma-56 laya kuthi xhaxhe kuma-66 ekhulwini kummandla obusakuba yiNtshona Jamani laza laya kutsho kuma-71 ekhulwini kummandla obuyiMpuma Jamani.
Ukuphelelwa yintembelo kuye kwabonakala nakwezinye izinto ngaphandle kwezobupolitika, uqoqosho nonqulo—iintsika ezintathu zebutho labantu. Omnye umzekelo kukugcinwa komthetho. Amasolotya kwimithetho, iingxaki zokusetyenziswa komthetho ngendlela esesikweni, nezigwebo zenkundla ezikrokrisayo ziye zashiya abantu bephelelwe lithemba. Ngokutsho kwephephancwadi iTime, “iingxaki abajamelana nazo abahlali kunye namapolisa ziye zafikelela kwinqanaba lokuba nawuphi na urhulumente oman’ ukubuyisela izikrelemnqa ezinobungozi ebantwini akasathenjwa.” Kwanabakwantsasana abo abasathenjwa ngenxa yokuba kwabona batyholwa ngokuba ngamamenemene nokuba zizirhalarhume.
Xa sisiya kwezobupolitika zezizwe ngezizwe, iingxoxo zokucel’ ibuyambo eziyekwa esithubeni kunye nezivumelwano zokuphelisa imfazwe ezaphulwayo zintama ukungathembani. UBill Richardson, ongunozakuzaku welaseUnited States kwiZizwe Ezimanyeneyo, walatha kweyona nto iyinqontsonqa ekudaleni uxolo kweloMbindi Mpuma, esithi: “Akusekho mntu uthemb’ omnye kulaa mmandla.”
Ukanti xa sisiya kubantu ngabanye, uninzi lwabo alusathembi nkqu nezalamane kunye nabahlobo balo, abantu ngokuqhelekileyo oluye lubhenele kubo ukuze lufumane amacebiso yaye luthuthuzelwe mhla ligquthayo. Le meko ifana nqwa naleyo yachazwa ngumprofeti ongumHebhere uMika esithi: “Musani ukukholwa nguwenu, ningakholosi ngekholwane; nakolele esifubeni sakho, zigcine iingcango zomlomo wakho.”—Mika 7:5.
Umqondiso Wamaxesha
Kutshanje isazi ngezigulo zengqondo esingumJamani uArthur Fischer uye wacatshulwa esithi: “Eneneni ukuba nentembelo kwizinto eziphuhlisa intlalo nangekamva likabani kuye kwehla kakhulu kuzo zonke iinkalo. Ulutsha luyathandabuza ukuba amaziko asekuhlaleni anokulunceda. Alusathembi kwanto, enoba ngumbutho wezobupolitika, wonqulo okanye nawuphi na.” Akumangalisi ngoko ukuba isazi ngezentlalo u-Ulrich Beck sithethe “ngomkhwa wokuthandabuza” amagunya, amaziko kunye neengcali ekudala zikho.
Lo mkhwa udla ngokwenza abantu babe ngoonkom’ edla yodwa, bachase yonk’ into eligunya yaye bahamba ngabayibonayo, bezenzela izigqibo ngaphandle kokufuna amacebiso nolwalathiso lwabanye. Bambi barhanela yonk’ into le, de bagabadele xa beqhubana nabo babakrokrela ngokuba nonyawo lwemfene. Esi simo sengqondo sidala imeko engaginyisi mathe, efana nechazwe eBhayibhileni ngokuthi: “Ngemihla yokugqibela kuya kubakho amaxesha amanqam ekunzima ukuqhubana nawo. Kuba abantu baya kuba ngabazithandayo, abathandi bemali, abazidlayo, abanekratshi, abanyelisi, abangabathobeliyo abazali, abangenambulelo, abanganyanisekanga, bengenawo umsa wemvelo, abangayifuni kwaphela imvisiswano, abajindi, abangenakuzeyisa, iindlobongela, abangenakuthanda kulunga, abangcatshi, abaneentloko ezilukhuni, abakhukhumele yinkqayiso, abathandi beziyolo kunokuba ngabathandi bakaThixo, benohlobo lozinikelo lobuthixo kodwa bewakhanyela amandla alo.” (2 Timoti 3:1-5; IMizekeliso 18:1) Ngokwenene, ukungathembani namhlanje kungumqondiso wamaxesha, umqondiso ‘wemihla yokugqibela.’
Kwihlabathi elithwaxwa kukungathembani nelizaliswe ngabantu abafana naba bachazwe ngasentla, enyanisweni ubomi abunakuze bunandipheke ngokupheleleyo. Kodwa ngaba kusengqiqweni ukucinga ukuba noko izinto ziza kuguquka? Ngaba ukungathembani kwabantu namhlanje kunokoyiswa? Ukuba kunako, kuya koyiswa njani yaye nini?