Iinzame Zokuphelisa Ubuhlwempu

IZITYEBI azisengawo amahlwempu. Kodwa imigudu yokukhulula bonke abantu kubuhlwempu iye yawa phantsi. Kutheni? Kungenxa yokuba izityebi azifuni mntu okanye into eza kuphazamisana nobutyebi bazo. UKumkani kaSirayeli wamandulo uSolomon wabhala wathi: “Khangela! iinyembezi zabo bacinezelweyo, kodwa bengenamthuthuzeli; yaye kwicala labacinezeli kwakukho amandla, khon’ ukuze bangabi namthuthuzeli.”—INtshumayeli 4:1.

Ngaba abantu abanempembelelo negunya bangalitshintsha ihlabathi ngokuphelisa ubuhlwempu? USolomon waphefumlelwa ukuba abhale athi: “Khangela! yonk’ into ingamampunge nokusukelana nomoya. Oko kwenziwe kwagwenxa akunakwenziwa kuthi tye.” (INtshumayeli 1:14, 15) Imigudu yakutshanje yokuphelisa ubuhlwempu ikubonisa kakuhle oku.

Ingcamango Yokuba Zizityebi Kwabantu Bonke

Ngenkulungwane ye-19, njengoko amazwe ambalwa ayenze ubutyebi ngokurhweba nangemizi-mveliso, abantu abathile abanempembelelo bacinga ngokunzulu ngokuphelisa ubuhlwempu. Ngaba ubuncwane bomhlaba bunokwabiwa ngokulinganayo?

Abanye bathi ubusoshiyali okanye ubukomanisi babunokwenza abantu bezizwe ngezizwe baphile ngendlela efanayo buze nobutyebi bahlulahlulwe ngokulinganayo. Kakade ke, izityebi azizange zizithande ezi ngcamango. Kodwa abantu abaninzi babeyithanda into yokuba abantu banokwenza loo nto bakwazi ukuyenza kakuhle baze bavuzwe ngokweemfuno zabo. Uninzi lwabantu babenethemba lokuba onke amazwe aza kubamkela ubusoshiyali ukuze ihlabathi libe yindawo Efanelekileyo. Amazwe ambalwa azizityebi amkela iinkqubo ezithile zobusoshiyali aze amisela necandelo lentlalo ntle elalithembisa ukunyamekela abantu “ukususela ekuzalweni kwabo bade bafe.” Bathi babusiphule neengcambu ubuhlwempu ebantwini babo.

Noko ke, ubusoshiyali abuzange buyiphumeze injongo yabo yokuvelisa abantu abangazingciyo. Into yokuba abantu baza kuncedana kunokuba babe ngoohlohl’ esakhe yaba lilize. Abanye babengafuni ukunceda amahlwempu, besithi amalizo ayakwenza amahlwempu onqene ukusebenza. Amazwi eBhayibhile angqineke eyinyaniso: “Akukho mntu ulilungisa emhlabeni oqhubeka esenza okulungileyo angoni. . . . uThixo oyinyaniso walwenza uluntu lwathi tye, kodwa lusuke lona lwafuna amacebo amaninzi.”—INtshumayeli 7:20, 29.

Elinye ithemba lalibizwa ngokuba liphupha laseMerika lokuba wonke umntu okhutheleyo unokuba sisityebi. Ehlabathini jikelele, amazwe amaninzi amkela idemokhrasi nenkqubo yezorhwebo ekhululekileyo engalawulwa kangako ngurhulumente ekwakubonakala ngathi ziyenze yatyeba iUnited States. Kodwa asingawo onke amazwe awayenokukwazi ukuxelisa iMerika kuba ubutyebi bamazwe aseMntla Merika babungabangelwa yinkqubo yezopolitiko kuphela. Ubuncwane bawo nokukwazi ukurhweba namazwe ehlabathi kwawanceda kakhulu. Ukongezelela, inkqubo yezoqoqosho enokhuphiswano olungathethekiyo ayivelisanga nje kuphela abantu abaye baphumelela kodwa ivelise nabo baye baphulukana nezinto kolu khuphiswano. Ngaba amazwe afumileyo anokuwanceda lawo angathathi ntweni?

Ngaba IMarshall Plan Yayinokubuphelisa Ubuhlwempu?

Emva kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II, iYurophu yayiyinkangala kwaye abantu bayo abaninzi babesecicini lokubulawa yindlala. Kwakhona urhulumente waseUnited States wayexhalatyiswa kukuthandwa kobusoshiyali eYurophu. Kangangeminyaka emine, wakhupha intywenka yemali ukuze kuvuselelwe imizi-mveliso nezolimo kumazwe ayeza kwamkela imigaqo-nkqubo yaseUnited States. Inkqubo Yokuvuselela iYurophu, eyayibizwa ngokuba yiMarshall Plan, yabonakala ngathi iyaphumelela. Kumazwe aseNtshona Yurophu, iUnited States yaba nempembelelo kakhulu, ubuhlwempu obubeka ubomi esichengeni baya buphela. Ngaba le yayiyindlela yokuphelisa ubuhlwempu ehlabathini?

Ukuphumelela kweMarshall Plan kwaphumela ekubeni urhulumente waseMerika ancede amazwe amaninzi angamahlwempu ehlabathini, ewanceda kwezolimo, ezempilo, imfundo nezothutho. IUnited States yavuma ukuba lento yayiyenzela ukuthenga emithiyo ngenethole. Namanye amazwe azama ukuba nempembelelo ngokunceda amanye amazwe. Emva kweminyaka engamashumi amathandathu, emva kokuchitha imali eninzi kunaleyo yachithwa kwiMarshall Plan, imiphumo yayingancumisi. Yinyaniso ukuba amanye amazwe ayekade engamahlwempu aba zizityebi ngokukodwa eMpuma Asia. Noko ke, kwamanye amazwe nakuba olu ncedo lwathintela ukufa kwabantu abaninzi baze abaninzi bafumana imfundo, amazwe ahlala eziimpula zikalujaca.

Isizathu Sokungaphumeleli Koncedo

Ukunceda amazwe angamahlwempu kwakunzima ngakumbi kunokunceda amazwe azizityebi emva kwemfazwe. IYurophu yayisele inayo imizi-mveliso, irhweba inenkqubo yezothutho. Uqoqosho lwayo lwalufuna ukulungiswa. Kumazwe angamahlwempu nakuba uncedo oluvela ngaphandle lusakha iindlela, izikolo namaziko empilo abantu badla ngokuba ziimpula zikalujaca kuba abanamashishini, ubuncwane yaye abakwazi ukurhweba namanye amazwe.

Iingxaki zobuhlwempu zintsonkothile kwaye akululanga ukuzilungisa. Ngokomzekelo, izifo zibangela ubuhlwempu yaye ubuhlwempu bubangela izifo. Abantwana abangondlekanga banokuba buthathaka kakhulu kwanasengqondweni kangangokuba xa sele bekhulile bangakwazi ukunyamekela abantwana babo. Kwakhona xa amazwe atyebileyo ephisa ngokutya kumazwe angamahlwempu amafama aloo mazwe ayayeka ukushishina nto leyo ebangela ubuhlwempu obungakumbi. Ukuthumela imali kumazwe angamahlwempu kunokubangela enye ingxaki: Ibiwa lula imali yokunceda, inokukhokelela kurhwaphilizo luze urhwaphilizo lubangele ubuhlwempu obungakumbi. Uncedo oluvela kwamanye amazwe luyasilela kuba alumlungisi oyena nobangela wobuhlwempu.

Unobangela Wobuhlwempu

Ubuhlwempu obugqithiseleyo bubangelwa ngamazwe ngoorhulumente nangabantu abangoohlohl’ esakhe. Ngokomzekelo, oorhulumente bamazwe afumileyo abazimiselanga kangako ekupheliseni ubuhlwempu ehlabathini kuba bayavotelwa ngenxa yoko kufuneka banelise abo bantu bebebavotele. Ngaloo ndlela bathintela amafama amazwe angamahlwempu ekuthengiseni imveliso yawo kumazwe atyebileyo ukuze amafama aloo mazwe akwazi ukushishina. Kwakhona oorhulumente bamazwe atyebileyo bawabonelela ngemali amafama amazwe abo ukuze akhuphisane ngamaxabiso namafama amazwe angamahlwempu.

Kucacile ukuba unobangela wobuhlwempu—utyekelo lwabantu noorhulumente lokukhusela iimfuno zabo yinto yangamabom. Umbhali weBhayibhile uSolomon wathi: “Ngexesha athi umntu alawule umntu iba kukwenzakala kwakhe.”—INtshumayeli 8:9.

Liliphi ithemba lokuphelisa ubuhlwempu? Ngaba namphi na urhulumente angakwazi ukutshintsha abantu?

[Ibhokisi ekwiphepha 6]

Umthetho Wokunceda Amahlwempu

UYehova uThixo wanika uhlanga lwamandulo lakwaSirayeli umthetho owawunokubuthintela ubuhlwempu ukuba wawuthotyelwe. Ngaphantsi koMthetho, intsapho nganye, ngaphandle kwesizwe sakwaLevi esingababingeleli, yayifumana ilifa lomhlaba. Ilifa lentsapho lalikhuseleka kuba umhlaba wawungenakuthengiswa. Rhoqo emva kweminyaka engama-50 wonke umhlaba wawufanele ubuyele kumniniwo okanye intsapho yakhe. (Levitikus 25:10, 23) Ukuba ngenxa yokugula, intlekele okanye ukonqena kufuneka umntu athengise umhlaba wakhe, wawumele ubuyele kuye ngonyaka weNtlokoma. Ayikho intsapho eyayiya kuhlala ingamahlwempu ngonaphakade.

Enye inkalo entle yenceba yoMthetho kaThixo yayikukuvumela umntu ukuba azithengise njengekhoboka xa exhwalekile. Wayeyifumana kwangaphambili imali yakhe ukuze ahlawule amatyala akhe. Ukuba akakwazanga ukuzikhulula ngonyaka wesixhenxe, wayefanele akhululwe anikwe imbewu nemfuyo ukuze akwazi ukuqweba. Ukongezelela, ukuba umntu olihlwempu kufuneka aboleke imali, uMthetho wawungavumi ukuba amaSirayeli abizwe inzala. Kwakhona uMthetho wawuyalela abantu ukuba xa bevuna bashiye udini lwentsimi ukuze amahlwempu abhikice. Wayengekho umSirayeli owayefanele angqibe.—Duteronomi 15:1-14; Levitikus 23:22.

Noko ke, imbali ibonisa ukuba akho amaSirayeli abangamahlwempu. Kwakutheni? USirayeli akazange awuthobele uMthetho kaYehova. Ekugqibeleni, njengakwamanye amazwe abanye abantu babazityebi ezinemihlaba ngoxa abanye babengamahlwempu. Amahlwempu ayekho phakathi kwamaSirayeli kuba abantu babengawuse so uMthetho kaThixo, babekholisa iziqu zabo kunabanye.—Mateyu 22:37-40.