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  • Ngaba Ubusazi?

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  • Ngaba Ubusazi?
  • IMboniselo Evakalisa UBukumkani BukaYehova (Efundwayo)—2021
  • Imixholwana
  • Amanqaku Afanayo
  • ZAZISENZIWA NJANI IZIKHEPHE ZOMPAPIRI?
  • YINTONI EYAYISENZA ABANTU BENZE IZIKHEPHE NGOMPAPIRI?
  • Ibali Elichukumisayo—Lokusinda KweBhayibhile
    IMboniselo Evakalisa UBukumkani BukaYehova—2009
  • Ukuxabiseka Kombhalo-ngqangi KaNash
    IMboniselo Evakalisa UBukumkani BukaYehova—1992
  • Ubungqina Bokulondolozwa NguThixo
    IMboniselo Evakalisa UBukumkani BukaYehova—1988
  • Ubutyebi Obafunyanwa Kwiimfumba Zamabibi AseYiputa
    IMboniselo Evakalisa UBukumkani BukaYehova—1992
IMboniselo Evakalisa UBukumkani BukaYehova (Efundwayo)—2021
w21 Meyi iphe. 31

Ngaba Ubusazi?

Ngamaxesha okubhalwa kweBhayibhile ngaba izikhephe zazisenziwa ngompapiri?

Umpapiri

ABANTU abaninzi bayazi ukuba kwiYiputa yakudala kwakubhalwa emaphepheni enziwe ngompapiri. AmaGrike namaRoma nawo ayebhala kula maphepha.a Kodwa abakho baninzi abantu abayaziyo into yokuba kwakusenziwa nezikhephe ngesi sityalo.

Imizobo ekrwelwe ematyeni eyayiseYiputa kudala ibonisa indlela esasisenziwa ngayo isikhephe sompapiri.

Kwiminyaka engaphezu kweyi-2 500 eyadlulayo, umprofeti uIsaya wabhala wathi abantu abahlala ‘kummandla wemilambo yaseTiyopiya’ babethumela “oonozakuzaku ngolwandle, bawele imilambo ngezikhephe zompapiri.” Ekuhambeni kwexesha umprofeti uYeremiya wathi iBhabhiloni yayiza koyiswa ngamaMedi namaPersi, ayeza kutshisa “izikhephe ezenziwe ngompapiri” ukuze amaBhabhiloni angakwazi ukubaleka.—Isa. 18:1, 2; Yer. 51:32.

IBhayibhile iphefumlelwe nguThixo, ngoko abantu abayifundayo abothuki xa besiva ukuba abembi bezinto zakudala baye bafumana izinto ezibonisa ukuba ngamaxesha okubhalwa kweBhayibhile abantu babesenza izikhephe ngompapiri. (2 Tim. 3:16) Yintoni efunyaniswe ngabembi bezinto zakudala? Bubungqina obupheleleyo obubonisa indlela ezazisenziwa ngayo ezi zikhephe eYiputa.

ZAZISENZIWA NJANI IZIKHEPHE ZOMPAPIRI?

Imizobo ekumangcwaba aseYiputa ibonisa indlela abantu ababewuvuna ngayo umpapiri, benze ngawo izikhephe. Amadoda ayegeca iziqu zawo ezingoonxantathu azidibanise zibe ziinyanda. Xa ezi ziqu zidityanisiwe, zabotshelelwa nkqi, iyomelela loo nyanda. Incwadi ethi A Companion to Ancient Egypt ithi isikhephe esenziwe ngompapiri sasinokuba side ngaphezu kweemitha eziyi-17, size siqhutywe ngamaphini ayi-10 ukuya kwayi-12 cala ngalinye.

[Umfanekiso okwiphepha 31]

Imizobo ekrwelwe ematyeni eyayiseYiputa kudala ibonisa indlela esasisenziwa ngayo isikhephe sompapiri.

YINTONI EYAYISENZA ABANTU BENZE IZIKHEPHE NGOMPAPIRI?

EYiputa, umpapiri omninzi wawukhula kwintlambo yoMlambo umNayile. Esinye isizathu, kwakulula ukwenza izikhephe zompapiri. Naxa iinqanawa ezinkulu zazisele zisenziwa ngomthi, kubonakala ngathi abalobi nabazingeli babesasebenzisa izikhephe ezenziwe ngompapiri.

Abantu zange bakhawuleze bayeke ukuzisebenzisa. Umbhali ongumGrike uPlutarch, owayephila ngexesha labapostile, uthi nangexesha lakhe abantu babesazisebenzisa.

a Umpapiri ukhula kakhulu kumhlaba ofumileyo nakwimilambo enamanzi acothayo. Unokuba mde ube ziimitha ezimalunga neziyi-5, ze isiqu sawo sibe ziisentimitha ezimalunga neziyi-15 ezantsi.

    Iimpapasho ZesiXhosa (1986-2025)
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