Ngaba UMariya Ngumama KaThixo?

Impendulo esuka eBhayibhileni

Hayi, iBhayibhile ayifundisi ukuba uMariya ngumama kaThixo ingafundisi nokuba amaKristu amele akhonze uMariya.a Khawucinge ngoku:

UMariya akazange athi ungumama kaThixo. IBhayibhile ithi, wazala ‘uNyana kaThixo,’ kungekhona uThixo.—Marko 1:1; Luka 1:32.
UYesu Kristu akazange athi uMariya ngumama kaThixo okanye umele akhonzwe. Endaweni yoko, walungisa umfazi owathi uMariya wonwabile kuba engumama wakhe, ngokuthi: “Hayi, kunoko, banoyolo abo balivayo ilizwi likaThixo baze baligcine!”—Luka 11:27, 28.
Alikho ibinzana elithi, “uMama kaThixo” nelithi “uTheotokos” (umthwali kaThixo) eBhayibhileni.
Ibinzana elithi “uKumkanikazi wezulu” eliseBhayibhileni, alibhekiseli kuMariya kodwa libhekisela kuthixokazi wobuxoki owayekhonzwa ngamaSirayeli awexukileyo. (Yeremiya 44:15-19) Kusenokwenzeka ukuba “uKumkanikazi wezulu” yayinguIshtar (uAstarte), uthixokazi waseBhabhiloni.
AmaKristu okuqala awazange amkhonze uMariya ibe awazange amphathe ngendlela ekhethekileyo. Omnye umbhali-mbali uthi, amaKristu okuqala “ayengenakuzamkela izinto ezinento yokwenza nonqulo lobuxoki ibe kusenokwenzeka ukuba ayecinga ukuba xa emjonga ngendlela ekhethekileyo uMariya abantu babesenokucinga ukuba akhonza uthixokazi.”—In Quest of the Jewish Mary.
IBhayibhile ithi uThixo wayekho ukususela kwixesha elingenammiselo. (INdumiso 90:1, 2; Isaya 40:28) Ekubeni engenasiqalo, akanakuba nomama. Enye into, uThixo wayengenakuhlala esibelekweni sikaMariya, iBhayibhile iyenza icace into yokuba namazulu awamlingenanga.—1 Kumkani 8:27.

UMariya Ngumama KaYesu Kungekhona “Umama KaThixo”

UMariya wayengumYuda ibe wayeyinzala kaKumkani uDavide. (Luka 3:23-31) Wayethandwa nguThixo ngenxa yokuba wayenokholo ibe ezinikele. (Luka 1:28) UThixo wakhetha yena ukuba abe ngumama kaYesu. (Luka 1:31, 35) UMariya nomyeni wakhe, uYosefu babenabo nabanye abantwana.—Marko 6:3.

Nangona iBhayibhile ibonisa ukuba uMariya waba ngumfundi kaYesu, akukho nto yongezelelekileyo ithethwayo ngaye.—IZenzo 1:14.

Kutheni abanye besithi uMariya ngumama kaThixo?

Kubonakala ukuba abantu baqalisa ukukhonza uMariya ukususela ngasekupheleni kwenkulungwane yesine. Ngelo xesha, iCawa yamaKatolika yaba lunqulo lwesizwe kubukhosi baseRoma. Ngenxa yoko, abantu abaninzi ababesenza izinto zobuhedeni bathi bangamaKristu. Le cawa yayisele ifundisa nokuba uthixo uneziqu ezithathu, imfundiso engasuki eZibhalweni.

Imfundiso ethi, uthixo uneziqu ezithathu yabangela ukuba abantu abaninzi kule cawa bagqiba kwelithi, ukuba uYesu nguThixo bekufanele ukuba uMariya ngumama kaThixo. Ngo-431 C.E., ibhunga lecawa lase-Efese lathi uMariya “ngumama kaThixo.” Emva kokuba ibhunga lase-Efese lithethe loo nto, abantu baqalisa ukunqula uMariya oNgcwele. Emva kokuba abantu ababesenza izinto zobuhedeni bangena kule cawa, ekuhambeni kwexesha imifanekiso yentombi enyulu uMariya yathathela indawo imifanekiso yoothixokazi benzala, njengoArtemis (uDiana, kumaRoma) noIsis.

Ngo-432 C.E., uPope Sixtus III wayalela ukuba kwakhiwe icawa eRoma ukuze kunqulwe “umama kaThixo.” Yakhiwa kufutshane nesiza esasinetempile eyakhiwa ukuze kunqulwe uLucina, uthixokazi wokubeleka wamaRoma. Xa wayechaza le cawa umbhali wathi: “Le cawa yenza kwacaca ukuba icawa yamaKatolika yayeka ukunqula umama obalaseleyo kwaza endaweni yoko kwanqulwa uMariya.”—The Complete Resource.

a Iinkonzo ezininzi zifundisa ukuba uMariya ngumama kaThixo. Zidla ngokuthi “nguKumkanikazi wezulu” okanye uTheotokos, igama lesiGrike elithetha “umthwali kaThixo.”