Siphila Kangakanani?
AMARANDI angaphezu kwezigidi eziyizi-2 500 ngosuku! Leyo imali echithwa abantu abaningi eUnited States ekunakekeleni impilo. Izakhamezi zaseFederal Republic yaseJalimane zichitha ngaphezu kwengxenye eyodwa kwezinhlanu zomkhiqizo wazo omkhulu wesizwe, noma ngaphezu kwezigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-380 zamadeutsche mark (amaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-486) ngonyaka, ukuze zinakekele izidingo zempilo yazo. Isimo singesifanayo ezizweni eziningi ezinothile noma ezithuthukile.
Akungabazeki ukuthi isakhamuzi esivamile kulamazwe siba esiyikhathalela ngokwengeziwe impilo. Izincwadi namavideo okuphathelene nokudla nokuvivinya umzimba kuhlala kuphambili ezinhlwini zezinto ezidayiswa kakhulu. Ukudla okunempilo, amavitamin, izembatho nezinto zokuzivivinya kuye kwaba amabhizinisi okuthola izigidigidi zamaRandi. Futhi ezinsukwini zanamuhla isithombe somuntu ophumelelayo akusesona isiqumama esinogwayi emlonyeni kodwa umuntu omi kahle, ongahlalwa-mpukane, okukhathalelayo ukuba umqemane.
Njengoba impilo nobuqemane kunikezwe konke lokhu kunakekela nesithakazelo, ingabe ngempela sinempilo engcono kuneyabantu bezizukulwane zesikhathi esidlule? Ingabe izimali ezinkulu ezichithwe ezikweletini zezokwelapha nezokunakekela impilo ziye zaphumela enhlala-kahleni engokomzimba ngathi sonke? Ngempela, sinempilo kangakanani?
Isimo Namuhla
Ngokuphambene nalokho esingase sikulindele, imibiko evela kokubili emazweni anothile nampofu emhlabeni-jikelele ibonisa ukuthi abantu namuhla bakude kakhulu nalokho impilo eyikho. Ukhuluma ngezimo zempilo ezihlukahlukene emhlabeni kabanzi, umbiko owalungiselelwa iNhlangano Yezokuhlolwa Kwezwe uthi: “Nakuba izidingo zabo zokunakekelwa kwempilo zihluke kakhulu, ocebile nompofu banento eyodwa efanayo: bobabili bafa ngokungadingekile. Ocebile ubulawa isifo senhliziyo nomdlavuza, ompofu ubulawa uhudo, ufuba, nesimungumungwane.”
Naphezu kwentuthuko yokucwaninga kwezokwelapha, isifo senhliziyo nomdlavuza kuyaqhubeka kuba uhlupho lwamazwe anothile. Eqinisweni, umbiko kuyiNew England Journal of Medicine uthi: “Asisiboni isizathu sokulindela okuhle ngayo yonke intuthuko eyenziwe eminyakeni yamuva. Asikho isizathu sokucabanga ukuthi, ngokwengxenye enkulu, umdlavuza uyancipha.” Maqondana nokubaluleka kobuqemane, uDkt. Michael McGinnis woMnyango Wezempilo Nezinkonzo Zabantu waseU.S. usifushanisa kahle lesisimo ngokuthi: “Abante abaningi bayakwazi ukubaluleka kobuqemane. Kodwa bona ngokwabo abenzanga lutho ngakho. Abantu baseMelika abayona imiqemane njengoba becabanga ukuthi bayiyo.”
Ngakolunye uhlangothi lwesilinganiso, “ingxenye eyodwa kwezine yabantu bomhlaba intula amanzi okuphuza ahlanzekile nokuchithwa kwendle nemfucumfucu,” kusho umbiko Wezokuhlolwa Kwezwe. “Ngenxa yalokho, izifo zohudo ziwumshayabhuqe owandile kuwo wonke Amazwe Ampofu futhi ziyimbangela yezwe eyinhloko yokufa kwezinsana.” Uhudo, isifo samaphaphu, isimungumungwane, isifo somphimbo, isifo sesifuba, kanye nezinye izifo, kuthatha ukuphila kwabantwana abayizigidi eziyi-15 abangaphansi kweminyaka emihlanu ubudala unyaka ngamunye futhi kukhubaza ukukhula okukahle kwezigidi ezengeziwe. Nokho, ukuzikhohlisa kwangempela ukuthi izazi zinomuzwa wokuthi okuningi kwalokhu kuvikeleka kalula.
Nakuba izingane emazweni athuthukile zingase zivikeleke ezinsizini ezinjalo, kunezimpawu ezishaqisayo zokuthi impilo cishe yayo yonke intsha yanamuhla iyawohloka kunokuba ithuthuke. Ngokwesibonelo, ‘iGuardian yaseLondon, ngaphansi kwesihloko esithi “Abantwana ‘Babenempilo Engcono Eminyakeni Engama-35 Edlule,’” ibika ukuthi ukuhlola okwenziwa uMkhandlu Ocwaninga Ngezokwelapha kuye kwathola “ukwanda okukhulu kwabantwana abalaliswa esibhedlela kuze kufike kwabaneminyaka emine ubudala, ukuphindeka kathathu kwabanezifo zofuba, ukwanda kasithupha kwabanengqwayimane, phakathi kwesizukulwane esisha.” Okunye okwatholwa kwakuwukwanda okukhulu kwesifo sikashukela kwabasebasha, isisindo eseqile, ukucindezeleka, nezifo ezingokomzwelo.
Ukuhlolwa kwesizwe sonke eUnited States kuye futhi kwembula ukuthi isimo esingokomzimba sabantwana besikole namuhla asikhona lokho esifanele sibe yikho. “Siyimfihlo egcinwe kangcono kakhulu eMelika namuhla—ukungabi kwentsha imiqemane,” kusho uGeorge Allen, usihlalo woMkhandlu kaNdunankulu Wobuqemane Obungokomzimba Nezemidlalo. Amanani amuva akhishwa yilomkhandlu abonisa ukuthi amaphesenti angama-40 abafana namaphesenti angama-70 amantombazane asukela eminyakeni eyi-6 kuya kweyi-17 ubudala awakwazi ngisho nokuziphakamisa bebambelele ensimbini evundlile. Okunye ukuhlola kwathola ukuthi intsha namuhla inesifo somfutho ophakeme wegazi, amazinga angenampilo echolesterol esegazini namafutha asemzimbeni, kungasaphathwa okwezinkinga ezingathi sína ezingokomzwelo, kanye nezinkinga zokusetshenziswa kabi kwezidakamizwa nophuzo oludakayo.
Ukubheka Phambili
Iningi lethu liyaqaphela ukuthi isimo sethu sempilo kukho konke ukuphila sinqunywa, ngesilinganiso esithile, isimo sempilo phakathi nesikhathi sethu sobuntwana. Ngakho-ke, akumangalisi lokho okwaphawulwa uGeorge Allen: Engikhathazeke ngakho ukuthi uma ningafundisi intsha ubuqemane manje, ayisoze ibazi lapho isingabantu abadala.” Kungokufanayo futhi nangamazwe asathuthuka, ngaphandle kokuthi abantwana abaningi lapho abanikezwa ithuba lokukhula babengabantu abadala abanempilo.
Nakuba lezinkinga zikhathaza kangaka, azizona ezingenakunqotshwa. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uhlalaphi, kunokuthile ongakwenza ngempilo yakho neyomkhaya wakho. Nokho, okuningi kwakho kuxhomeke embonweni wakho ngempilo yakho nangawe siqu. Ngempela, kungase kubuzwe lemibuzo: lyini impilo? Yini ongayenza ukuze ulondoloze impilo enhle? Lemibuzo iyocatshangelwa ezihlokweni ezilandelayo.