ILimestone Ivamile Kodwa Iyigugu
Ngumlobeli wePhaphama eBelgium
AMATSHE AYIGUGU! Lenkulumo yenza umuntu acabange ngokukhazimula okumbala-bala: amadayimane, amaemerald, amarubi, amasafire, nelimestone. Ilimestone? Yebo, ilimestone esezingeni eliphansi iwuhlobo oluthile lwetshe eliyigugu.
EBelgium, njengasezindaweni eziningi, uthola ilimestone cishe yonke indawo. Isetshenziswa ekwakheni izindlu ezivamile kanye namatshe amahle esikhumbuzo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, uyithola endleleni ingamatshe amancane. Iyini-ke lento etholakala ezindaweni eziningi kangaka?
Ilimestone iyitshe eliqukethe amaphesenti angaphezu kuka-50 ecalcium carbonate. Lakheka kudala ngenxa yezinqubo ezihlukahlukene, ezaveza izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zelimestone. Izilwane zasemanzini ezinjengamaclam, iminenke, namacoral zithola icalcium carbonate emanzini ziyisebenzise ekwenzeni amagobolondo namathambo azo. Izinsalela zamathambo ziyasala lapho lezilwane zifa. Ngakho, iWorld Book Encyclopedia iyaphawula: “Izingqimba eziningi zelimestone ezikuzo zonke izingxenye zomhlaba ngaphambili zazingamagobolondo noma isihlabathi secoral nodaka.”
Ilimestone yakheka futhi lapho icalcium carbonate ikhishwa enhlanganiseleni ngokuhwamukiswa kwamanzi encibilikiswe ngawo. Enye ikhishwa ngokuqondile emanzini, njengoba inqwabelana emithonjeni ethile kanye nasemachibini nasezilwandle. Ukuphakama koqweqwe lomhlaba kuye kwabangela izingxenye zezwe ngaphambili ezazingaphansi kwamanzi ukuba zivele ngaphezu kwamanzi. (Qhathanisa neHubo 104:8.) Ngakho ilimestone iningi. Okunye ukulinganisela kubonisa ukuthi, kuwo wonke amatshe akheka ngezinto ezingaphili amaphesenti angu-20 ayilimestone. Kodwa futhi ilimestone ibaluleke kakhulu.
Umcako, owenziwé amathambo amancane kakhulu ezilwane ezincane eziphila emanzini, uyilimestone. Kanti injalo nemarble. Imarble yakhekha lapho izinqwaba zelimestone zithola ukushisa nokucindezelwa isikhathi eside. Imihume eminingi edumile, njengeMihume iCarlsbad eseUnited States, inamastalactite namastalagmite amahle elimestone. Lawa akheka ngokuconsa kwamanzi anecalcium carbonate.
Inselele Yokuyithola
Nokho, ilimestone ayitholakali kalula. Izindawo ezembiwe ezivulekile, noma izinkwali, ziba khona ngokuthi kususwe umhlabathi omboze izindawo ezinelimestone. Izisebenzi zasezinkwalini zesikhathi sangaphambili, ngokuzikhandla nangokubekezela okukhulu zazemba imisele emincane ukuze zikhuphule amatshe amancane, zibekele eceleni amatshe amakhulu kunawo wonke. Bese kuba umsebenzi onzima wokwephula lamatshe ngezando.
Esikhathini samanje, imishini efeza lemisebenzi enzima. Nakuba ukusebenza enkwalini kuyingozi, isidingo salelitshe sikhulu kangangokuthi kuye kwadingeka umuntu afunde ukubhekana nezingozi zokulemba. Ilimestone esezingeni eliphakeme ngokuvamile ikhishwa ngokusebenzisa iziqhumane ezinamandla amancane. Nokho, ingase isikwe ngesaha.
Ukwakha Ngelimestone
Ilimestone izifanelekela kahle ezinye izinjongo zokwakha. Ngokwesibonelo, igcina isakhiwo singashisi kakhulu. Udonga lwelimestone olunogqinsi olungamasentimitha angu-30 lugcina izinga lokushisa ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo lingashintshi ngisho noma izinga lokushisa langaphandle selihluke ngo-20° C. Ubukhulu bodonga lwetshe benza ingxenye engaphakathi ihlale inezinga lokushisa elisesilinganisweni.
Ilimestone ikahle futhi nasekuvimbeleni ukungena komsindo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma ilimestone ifakwe kahle, ingazenza ngokwayo ukuba ivimbele ngisho nokungena kwamanzi. Isikhutha esisemanzini emvula sibangela ushintsho olungokwamakhemikhali etsheni futhi ngokuqhubekayo sakhe ungqimba oluvikelayo endaweni engaphezulu, oluvimbela ukungena kwamanzi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ilimestone yinhle. IArc de Triomphe edumile eseParis imane ingesinye isibonelo sesakhiwo selimestone esidumile. Okunye okuphawulekayo onxantathu abakhulu baseGibithe, abakhiwa ngamatshe elimestone anesisindo esingaba ngamathani angu-16! Imarble iwuhlobo lwelimestone olungenziwa lube bushelelezi. Ukucwebezela okungapheli kanye nobuhle bayo benza abaqophi bamatshe abanjengoMichelangelo bakhetha imarble.
Ilimestone Nelime
Yiqiniso, akuyona yonke ilimestone esetshenziswa ngalendlela evelele. Eningi yayo ifakwa emishinini yokugaya, isinyathelo sokuqala sokuyilungiselela ukuba ibe imikhiqizo ehlukahlukene ebalulekile. Ngokwesibonelo, kusukela ezikhathini zeBhayibheli umuntu ubelokhu ekwazi ukukhiqiza ilime (calcium oxide) ngokushisa ilimestone. Emuva ngalesosikhathi, lokhu kwakwenziwa ngokuyishisa ezintweni zokushisa ilimestone eziyimbulunga noma eziyindilinga. Ilime yayisebenza njengesithako esiyinhloko esifakwa (ohlotsheni oluthile lodaka lokupulasitela (mortar) futhi ezikhathini zasendulo yayisetshenziselwa ukupulasitela izindonga nokucaka izindonga kanye namathuna.—Duteronomi 27:4; Hezekeli 13:10; Mathewu 23:27; IzEnzo 23:3.
Ilime isetshenziswa futhi, nangezinye izindlela eziningi ezibalulekile. Kwamanye amazwe amanzi ayaphuzeka ngoba kusetshenziswa ilime ekuwahlanzeni. Amanzi elime, anecalcium carbonate noma icalcium sulfate encibilikisiwe, avikela esifweni sohudo. Ilime isetshenziswa nasekupheliseni ukuba kwenhlabathi neacid. Yandisa ukungena kwamanzi nomoya enhlabathini, kanjalo isize ekukhiqizeni ukudla okunomsoco. Futhi ilime iyasetshenziswa nasekwenzeni ushukela.
Ngempela, uhlu lwezindlela zokusetshenziswa kwelime nemikhiqizo yayo lude. Nokho, kuyavunywa ukuthi ukuthola ilimestone kudala izinkinga. Izinkwali ezivulekile ngokuvamile azibe zisanakwa futhi zibukeka kabi. Amadolobhana aseduze nezinkwali angambozwa uthuli olumhlophe, futhi abantu abaseduze bacasulwa umsindo nokuzamazama okubangelwa ukuqhuma.
Nokho, uma ucabangela konke esetshenziselwa khona, ilimestone iyitshe eliyigugu ngempela. Yiqiniso, ayilona idayimane. Kodwa-ke yisiphi isakhiwo noma itshe lesikhumbuzo okwake kwakhiwa ngamadayimane?