Incwadi Imangalisa Izwe
Incwadi: I-Origin of Species. “Ngaphandle kweBhayibheli,” kusho isazi sendabuko nenhlalo yabantu u-Ashley Montagu, “ayikho incwadi eye yaba nethonya elikhulu kangaka.”
Umlobi: UCharles Darwin, ngaleso sikhathi abanye ababembiza ngokuthi “indoda eyingozi kakhulu eNgilandi.”
Isihloko: Inkolelo-mbono yokuziphendukela kwemvelo. Amagama anjengathi “ukuzikhethela kwemvelo,” “ukusinda kwezinamandla,” nelithi “ukuziphendukela kwemvelo” manje aseyaziwa. Kodwa ingabe lenkolelo-mbono iye yathinta okungaphezu kolimi lwakho?
LAPHO ikhululwa ngo-1859, i-Origin of Species, kaCharles Darwin, yabangela inkulumo-mpikiswano eshubile emikhakheni yesayensi neyenkolo.a Lenkulumo-mpikiswano yathinta nemikhakha yezomnotho neyomphakathi futhi isaqhubeka ngisho nanamuhla, eminyakeni engaba ngu-136 kamuva.
Kwethi A Story Outline of Evolution, uC. W. Grimes wabhala ngokuqondene nencwadi kaDarwin i-Origin of Species: “Ayikho enye incwadi eyake yanyatheliswa eye yavusa impikiswano eshube kangaka phakathi kwabantu abahlakaniphile. Asikho esinye isihloko emlandweni wesintu esiye sabekela izinkolelo ezingokwesiko inselele kangaka, sagumbuqela iMvelo, futhi salolonga, futhi sashintsha umqondo wesintu njengaleso soKuziphendukela Kwemvelo.”
Yiqiniso, uDarwin akayisungulanga inkolelo-mbono yokuziphendukela kwemvelo; lomqondo uhlehlela emuva eGrisi yasendulo. Futhi kwakunabanduleli bakaDarwin abaningana ekhulwini le-18 abahlahla indlela yokwamukelwa kabanzi kwe-Origin of Species.
Nokho, kwakuyincwadi kaDarwin eyaba isisekelo sombono wanamuhla wokuziphendukela kwemvelo. Yamangalisa, ngempela yashaqisa izwe, ngoba inkolelo-mbono yakhe yokuziphendukela kwemvelo yabangela okungaphezu koshintsho kusayensi yezinto eziphilayo. Yagadla njengesivunguvungu kuzo kanye izisekelo zomphakathi—inkolo, isayensi, ezombangazwe, ezomnotho, ukuphila komphakathi, umlando, nombono wesikhathi esizayo.
Lenkolelo-mbono iye yalithinta kanjani izwe esikhathini esesingaphezu kwekhulu leminyaka manje? Iye yakuthinta kanjani ukuphila kwakho? Empeleni liyini ifa layo? Izihloko ezilandelayo zizohlola lemibuzo.
[Umbhalo waphansi]
a Isihloko esiphelele sencwadi kaDarwin sithi On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life.