‘Unqambothi Oluvuth’Uphondo’
NGUMLOBELI WE-PHAPHAMA! ENINGIZIMU AFRIKA
IKHONO lomuntu lokukhuluma liyisimangaliso. Imisipha engaba yikhulu esifubeni, emphinjeni, emhlathini, olimini nasezindebeni zomlomo isebenza ndawonye ukuze ikhiphe imisindo eminingi ehlukahlukene. Umsipha ngamunye unemicu engamakhulu kuya kweyizinkulungwane. Kunamangqamuzana amaningi obuchopho alawula lemisipha kunalawo adingekayo ukuze ashukumise imisipha ezinyaweni zomgijimi. Kudingeka ingqamuzana elilodwa lezinzwa ukulawula imicu engu-2000 yemisipha esesithweni. Uma kuqhathaniswa, amangqamuzana ezinzwa alawula igilo, noma amalaka, angaxhunywa emicwini yemisipha emibili noma emithathu.
Igama ngalinye noma umshwana owukhulumayo unendlela yawo yokunyakaza kwemisipha. Konke ukwaziswa okudingekayo ekuphimiseni igama elithi “Kunjani?” kugcinwa engxenyeni elawula inkulumo ebuchosheni bakho. Ingabe lokhu kusho ukuthi ubuchopho bakho busebenzisa isimiso semisipha esiyingqayizivele, esingaguquguquki ukuze uphimisele wonke amagama noma imishwana? Cha. Amandla ekhono lokukhuluma amangalisa kakhulu kunalokho. Ngokwesibonelo, ungase ube nesilonda emlonyeni esenza kube nzima ukuphimisela amagama ngendlela ojwayele ngayo. Ngaphandle komzamo, ubuchopho buvumelanisa ukunyakaza kwemisipha yokukhuluma, okukwenza ukwazi ukuphimisela amagama ngendlela ecishe ifane ncamashí nokukhuluma kwakho okuvamile. Lokhu kubonisa elinye iqiniso elimangalisayo.
Ukubingelela okuvamile njengokuthi “Sawubona” kungadlulisela izincazelo eziningi. Iphimbo lingase libonise ukuthi okhulumayo ujabulile, weneme, unesizungu, ujahile, ucasukile, udumele, noma wethukile yini futhi lingase lembule amazinga ahlukahlukene emizwelo enjalo. Yebo, okushiwo umshwana othile kungashintsha kuye ngokunyakaza nokushesha kwemisipha eminingi ehlukene.
Encwadini yakhe ethi Stuttering Prevented, uDkt. William H. Perkins uyachaza: “Uma sikhululekile, siphimisela amagama angaba ngu-14 ngomzuzwana. Lokho kuphindwe kabili kunekhono lethu lokulawula ulimi, izindebe zomlomo, imihlathi noma ezinye izitho zokukhuluma uma sizinyakazisa ngokuhlukana. Kodwa uma uzihlanganisa zonke ukuze ukhulume, zisebenza njengeminwe yezingcweti zokubhala ngomshini nabadlali bopiyano. Ukunyakaza kwazo kulandelana njengonqambothi oluvuth’uphondo.”
Ngokwezinga elithile, izinyoni ezithile zingalingisa imisindo yokukhuluma kwabantu. Kodwa asikho isilwane esinobuchopho obuhlelelwe ukuba bukhiphe umsindo ngendlela ubuchopho bomuntu obenza ngayo. Akumangalisi ukuthi ososayensi baye behluleka emizamweni yabo yokwenza izinkawu zikhulume ngendlela ecacile. Ngokwesazi sokusebenza kwezinzwa uRonald Netsell, ikhono elidingekayo ukuze sikhulume lingafaniswa nekhono “elingavamile lomuntu odlala upiyano ‘ngenhliziyo.’” Noma njengoba kwaphetha umlobi wezichazamazwi uLudwig Koehler: “Ikhono lomuntu lokukhuluma liyimfihlo; liyisipho saphezulu, isimangaliso.”