Ubuhle bezindawo ZoMbuso Zokulondoloza Imvelo Ezisezintabeni

NGUMLOBELI WE-PHAPHAMA! EFRANCE

AMANZI acwebile ehla njengesikhukhula, ukuhashaza kwamacembe ephephezela emoyeni, isibhakabhaka esicwathile phezulu, ukukhanya kwelanga kuthubeleza phakathi kwezihlahla. Lezi izinto ezinhle esizibonayo nesizizwayo esihlangabezana nazo, futhi siyaqiniseka ukuthi zimane ziyisandulela sosuku oluhle. Sikuphi lapha? Sise-Écrins National Park, eziNtabeni zaseDauphiné, eFrance.

Kwelinye lamasango alendawo e-Ailefroide, ngasemaphethelweni ehlathi, amabhodi ezaziso abonisa ukuthi kunezinto ezingavunyelwe kulendawo, njengokuhloma amatende noma ukubasa umlilo. Sicelwa ukuba udoti siye nawo ekhaya, futhi siyaqaphela ukuthi izinja azivunyelwe, njengoba zivame ukwethusa noma ukuphazamisa izilwane zalendawo.

Injongo Yazo

Kodwa iyini ngempela indawo yombuso yokulondoloza imvelo, futhi ifeza yiphi injongo? Eyokuqala, iYellowstone National Park, esifundazweni saseWyoming, e-United States, yasungulwa ngo-1872. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, kuye kwavulwa eziningi kuwo wonke amazwekazi. EFrance, kunezindawo zombuso zokulondoloza imvelo ezingu-7, ezintathu kuzo zisezintabeni, ezisuka eFrance ziyosho e-Austria. Indawo yombuso yokuqala yokulondoloza imvelo eYurophu yasungulwa ngo-1914 esifundeni saseGraubünden (Grisons), eSwitzerland. Kwathi ngo-1922, kwavulwa iGran Paradiso National Park, e-Italy. Ezinye izindawo zombuso zokulondoloza imvelo ezisezintabeni zihlanganisa neBerchtesgaden, eJalimane; iHohe Tauern, e-Austria; iStelvio, e-Italy; kanye neTriglav, eSlovenia. Indawo yombuso yokuqala yokulondoloza imvelo eFrance kwakuyiVanoise, eyasungulwa ngo-1963.

Injongo eyinhloko yezindawo zombuso zokulondoloza imvelo iwukuvikela izilwane nezitshalo ezingokwemvelo. Kumelwe kuphawulwe futhi ukuthi kunezinye izindawo eziningi zokulondoloza imvelo ezingekho ngaphansi kombuso ezinomgomo ofanayo. Phakathi kwalezi kuneVercors Regional Park, eFrance, neKarwendel Reserve, e-Austria. Nokho, izindawo zombuso zokulondoloza imvelo zinesikhundla esikhethekile esinikeza onogada bazo igunya elithile. Banegunya lokuhlawulisa labo abangayilandeli imithetho yalendawo. Ngokwesibonelo, ukuza nenja endaweni yokulondoloza imvelo eSwitzerland kungaba nenhlawulo engafinyelela kuma-Swiss franc angu-500 (R1500).

Mhlawumbe abanye bacabanga ukuthi lokho kuwukweqisa. Kodwa kunezizathu zokwenqatshelwa kwezinto ezithile nezinhlawulo. Cabangela lokhu. Ngesinye isikhathi lapho siseMercantour National Park, eziNtabeni zaseMaritime eningizimu-mpumalanga yeFrance, sahlangana nenyamazane encane i-chamois. Yayibonakala ilahlekile futhi ikhungathekile. Nokho, asizange siyithinte, ngoba sacabanga ukuthi iphunga lethu lalingase lenze unina angabe esayemukela. Kodwa ake ucabange ukuthi kwakungaba njani ukube sasihamba nenja! Le-chamois yayizokwesaba, ikakhulukazi uma inja iqala ukukhonkotha.

Ingabe lokhu kusho ukuthi onogada bamane nje bangamaphoyisa kulendawo? Cha, akunjalo. Unogada othile esahlangana naye eMercantour Park wasibonisa lapho kwakusanda kudlula khona umhlambi wama-chamois, ushiya izidladla zawo endleleni eyayilele iqhwa. Wasibonisa indlela izidladla ezishiye ngayo umkhondo. Lokhu kwasisiza ukuba sibone ukuthi ngaphandle kokulondoloza imvelo kulendawo, indima yonogada iwukufundisa abantu.

Izilwane Zemvelo Ezinhlobonhlobo

Phambili emzileni wethu, egqumeni elibuqamama, sibona ama-chamois etshakadula eqhweni elimahhadla. Sibona nama-marmot amabili etshekula emagqumeni anamatshe. Amanye kulama-marmot anobungane ngendlela ephawulekayo, asondela kubantu abaqwala izintaba, enethemba lokuthola ukudla.

Kunemihlambi yezimbuzi ama-ibex ehlala kwezinye izindawo ezisezintabeni. Lezi zimbuzi ziningi eGran Paradiso Park, e-Italy. Kwasijabulisa ukubona ezinye eMercantour. Lendawo esezintabeni zaseningizimu inezilwane eziningi. Ama-mouflon, uhlobo lwemvu yasendle, ayazizulela lapha, kanti kubuye kwatholakala izimpisi eminyakeni yamuva. Nokho, akudingeki ukuba izivakashi zikhathazeke, njengoba izimpisi zingavamile ukusondela emizileni yezinyawo futhi ziyabagwema abantu. Esikhathini esidlule, kwakukhona namabhere eziNtabeni zaseSwitzerland, kodwa elokugcina elalikhona lapho labulawa ngo-1904. ENtshonalanga Yurophu amabhere ansundu asetholakala ePyrenees, emngceleni weFrance neSpain; eziNtabeni zaseCantabrian, enyakatho yeSpain; nase-Abruzzi National Park, enkabeni ye-Italy. Kodwa-ke ngezinye izikhathi ungezwa indluzele ikhala eSwiss National Park, lapho ziziningi khona.

Nokho, ngaphandle kwezilwane ezinkulu, isivakashi singajabulela izilwane eziningi ezincane, njengama-ermine imivundla ehlukahlukene, eba mhlophe ebusika, kanye nezimpungushe, ama-marmot nezingwejeje. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kulezi zindawo kunezinhlobonhlobo zezinambuzane, kuhlanganise nezimvemvane ezinhle nezintuthwane ezikhuthele. Abathandi bezinyoni ngokuqinisekile ngeke badumazeke. Ungase ubone ukhozi lundiza phezulu esibhakabhakeni, noma uma useSwiss National Park, eVanoise naseMercantour, ungabona ngisho ne-lammergeier, noma inqe elinebilo. Kuvamile futhi nokuzwa umsindo wesiqophamithi njengoba sichofoza isiqu sesihlahla sifuna izinambuzane. Abaningi bayazibuza ukuthi lezi zilwane zasezintabeni zisinda kanjani kulezi ziNtaba ebusika. Lezi zilwane zivumelana kahle nalendawo, nakuba izimo ezibanda kakhulu zizibulala lezo ezigulayo nesezigugile.

Izitshalo Zasentabeni

Ngisho nezitshalo zivikelwe kulezi zindawo zokulondoloza imvelo. Ngenxa yalokho, akuvunyelwe ukukha izimbali, kuhlanganise neminduze emihle enombala owolintshi, esemaceleni omzila esihamba ngawo. Mhlawumbe uyazibuza ukuthi kungani kunjalo. Ezinye izitshalo—njenge-edelweiss yodumo, i-anemone yasezintabeni, i-rose, i-bluet kanye nezinhlobo ezithile ze-gentian—ziyivelakancane, ngakho kubalulekile ukuba zivikelwe ukuze zihlale zikhona. Izinhlobonhlobo zezimbali zihlaba umxhwele ngempela.

Ubuhle bemvelo busobala nasezihlahleni ezihlobise lezi zindawo. Ekwindla, umbala wama-larch onjengegolide uhlobisa ihlathi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-arolla, noma uphayini waseSwitzerland, ibonakala imelana nokuqotha kobusika, iwumthombo wasikhathi sonke wokudla kwenyoni eyaziwa ngokuthi i-nutcracker. Lenyoni ithutha isivuno sayo sezinhlamvu zikaphayini ngesikhwama esisentanyeni yayo bese iyazigqiba ukuze izidle ngesikhathi esizayo. Ngokwenza kanjalo, ifaka isandla ekusakazeleni izihlahla zikaphayini ezindaweni ebezingenakufinyelelwa ngenye indlela. Ngokuqinisekile, singachitha usuku lonke sibuka ubuhle obusizungezile. Kodwa ukuze sifike endlini yokulala esentabeni, kumelwe siqhubeke.

Siqhubeka nohambo lwethu futhi ngokushesha sifika emzileni owumqansa. Kubonakala sengathi ama-chamois asilindile ehlathini, okusinikeza ithuba lokuthwebula izithombe. Nokho, njengoba sisondela, lezi zilwane ezinhle ziyabaleka, zethuswa ukusondela kwethu. Sizindla ngesithembiso esimangalisayo sikaNkulunkulu esilotshwe ku-Isaya 11:6-9: “Impisi iyakuhlala newundlu, ingwe ibuthise ndawonye nezinyane lembuzi, ithole nebhongo lengonyama kukhuluphaliswe kanyekanye, nomntwana omncane uyakukuqhuba. Inkomo nebhere kuyakuklaba, amazinyane akho abuthise ndawonye . . . Abayikwenza okubi, bangachithi entabeni yonke yami engcwele.” Siyajabula ngethemba lokuthi maduzane wonke umhlaba uyoba ipharadesi elikhulu elinjengepaki, lapho abantu nezilwane beyohlala khona ndawonye ngaphandle kokwesaba.

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I-“chamois” eziNtabeni zaseFrance

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I-“marmot” eqaphile eVanoise National Park, eFrance

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Ukhozi eMercantour National Park, eFrance

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Ama-“chamois” acaca iziNtaba zaseFrance

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I-“chamois” esencane

[Isithombe ekhasini 16]

I-“rose” yasendle

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I-“artichoke” yasendle

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I-“Ancolie des Alpes”

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Imbuzi i-“ibex”

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Umnduze onombala owolintshi

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Umnduze i-“Turk’s-cap”

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I-“Panicaut des Alpes”

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I-“marmot”