Izibalo Zengculaza Ezishaqisayo!
Ngumlobeli we-Phaphama! eNingizimu Afrika
UTHEMBEKA uyintombazane eneminyaka engu-12 ehlala emaphandleni eningizimu ye-Afrika. Abazali bakhe babulawa yingculaza, kwase kudingeka ukuba anakekele odadewabo abathathu abancane abaneminyaka eyishumi, eyisithupha nemine. Intatheli ethile yathi: “La mantombazane awatholi mali futhi athembele ngokuphelele emseni womakhelwane ukuze . . . athole isinkwa namazambane ambalwa.” Isithombe sala mantombazane amane ayizintandane savezwa ekhasini elingaphambili lephephandaba laseNingizimu Afrika elalibika ngeNgqungquthela Ye-13 Yamazwe Ngamazwe Yengculaza, eyayingo-July 2000, eThekwini, eNingizimu Afrika.
Izigidi zezintandane zengculaza zibhekene nesimo esifanayo nesikaThembeka nodadewabo abancane. Kule ngqungquthela kwadingidwa izindlela zokusingatha inhlekelele yengculaza ebhebhethekayo, njengemfundo ngokuvimbela ingculaza ngokusebenzisa ama-condom; ngendlela engabizi yokwelapha ingculaza, esikhona manje; nokuxhasa ngezimali ezengeziwe ukwenziwa kwemithi yokugoma ingculaza. Ukuchayeka engozini kwabesifazane, ikakhulukazi amantombazane asakhula, nakho kwadingidwa.
Ngokudabukisayo, izintandane eziningi zengculaza zifunwa amadoda akholelwa ukuthi ukulala nentombi ntó kuyokwelapha izifo ezithathelwana ngobulili. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amadoda amaningi awashadi nentombazane ingakazali umntwana kuqala. Ngakho-ke, ukusebenzisa ama-condom kubhekwa njengesithiyo somshado nokukhulelwa.
Ngeshwa, amantombazane amaningi awazazi izingozi zengculaza. Iphephandaba laseNingizimu Afrika i-Sowetan lakhuluma ngombiko owakhishwa yi-United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) kule ngqungquthela: “Ucwaningo lwe-Unicef lwathola ukuthi amantombazane angamaphesenti angu-51 aneminyaka engu-15 kuya ku-19 eNingizimu Afrika ayengazi ukuthi umuntu obukeka engumqemane angaba ne-HIV futhi ayidlulisele kuwo.”
Esinye isici esibangela ukusakazeka kwengculaza ukunukubezwa kwabesifazane ngokobulili. URanjeni Munusamy, owayekhona kule ngqungquthela, wabika lokhu kuyi-Sunday Times yaseGoli, eNingizimu Afrika: “Ukuphathwa kwabesifazane ngobudlova, okuwukubonakaliswa okushaqisayo kwamandla abesilisa, kuseyisithiyo esikhulu sokuvinjelwa nokwelashwa kwengculaza. Ukubonakaliswa kobudlova ngezindlela eziningi—ngokudlwengula, ukulala nesihlobo, ukushaya amakhosikazi nokunukubeza ngokobulili—kusho ukuthi ngokuvamile ubulili buyaphoqelelwa, okuyisici esiyingozi esisakaza i-HIV.”
Izibalo ezakhishwa kule ngqungquthela zazishaqisa, njengoba kubonisa ishadi elikulesi sihloko. Nsuku zonke intsha engaba ngu-7 000 nezinsana ezingu-1 000 bangenwa yi-HIV. Ngonyaka owodwa, u-1999, izingane ezingaba ngu-860 000 eningizimu yeSahara e-Afrika zalahlekelwa othisha ngenxa yengculaza.
Ngokocwaningo olwanyatheliswa yi-Medical Research Council yaseNingizimu Afrika, abantu abayizigidi ezingu-4,2 eNingizimu Afrika bane-HIV, okumelela isakhamuzi esisodwa kweziyishumi. Isimo emazweni angomakhelwane sibi nakakhulu. I-Natal Witness yabika ngesilinganiso esakhishwa yi-U.S. Census Bureau: “Inani labantu kwamanye amazwe ase-Afrika akhungethwe yingculaza lizoqala ukwehla maduzane njengoba lesi sifo sibulala izigidi, futhi ubude besikhathi okulindeleke ukuba abantu basiphile buyoncipha bube iminyaka engaba ngu-30 ekupheleni kwaleli shumi leminyaka.”
Inhlekelele yengculaza ingobunye ubufakazi bokuthi isintu siphila ‘ezikhathini ezibucayi okunzima ukubhekana nazo’ iBhayibheli elabikezela ukuthi zaziyoba khona “ezinsukwini zokugcina.” (2 Thimothewu 3:1-5) Abathandi beZwi likaNkulunkulu, iBhayibheli, babheke phambili ekhambini eliphelele nelihlala njalo lengculaza nezinye izinkinga ezikhathaza isintu. Maduze, uMbuso kaNkulunkulu uzoqala ukuqondisa izindaba zomhlaba. Ezweni elisha lokulunga, ubumpofu nokucindezelwa kuyobe kungasekho. (IHubo 72:12-14; 2 Petru 3:13) Kunalokho, abakhileyo emhlabeni bayobuyiselwa empilweni ephelele, futhi akekho kubo oyophinde athi: “Ngiyagula.”—Isaya 33:24.
[Amazwi acashunwe esihlokweni ekhasini 14]
Emhlabeni wonke kunezintandane zengculaza ezingaba ngu-13 000 000
[Ishadi/Ibalazwe ekhasini 15]
(Ukuze ubone ukuthi indaba ihlelwe kanjani, bheka encwadini)
INANI LABANTU ABADALA (ABANEMINYAKA ENGU-15 KUYA KU-49) ABANE-HIV/AIDS, EKUPHELENI KUKA-1999
ENyakatho Melika 890 000
ECaribbean 350 000
ELatin America 1 200 000
ENtshonalanga Yurophu 520 000
EMpumalanga Yurophu NaseYurophu Ephakathi 410 000
ENyakatho Afrika NaseMpumalanga Ephakathi 210 000
E-Afrika ENingizimu YeSahara 23 400 000
ENingizimu NaseNingizimu-mpumalanga Asia 5 400 000
EMpumalanga Asia NasePacific 530 000
E-Australia NaseNew Zealand 15 000
[Umthombo]
Source: UNAIDS
[Amagrafu/Isithombe ekhasini 15]
(Ukuze ubone ukuthi indaba ihlelwe kanjani, bheka encwadini)
AMAPHESENTI ABANTU ABADALA (ABANEMINYAKA ENGU-15 KUYA KU-49) ABANE-HIV/AIDS EMAZWENI ANGU-16 ASE-AFRIKA, EKUPHELENI KUKA-1999
1 EBotswana 35,8%
2 ESwazini 25,2
3 EZimbabwe 25,0
4 ELesotho 23,5
5 EZambia 20,0
6 ENingizimu Afrika 20,0
7 ENamibia 19,5
8 EMalawi 16,0
9 EKenya 14,0
10 EC.A.R. 14,0
11 EMozambique 13,2
12 EDjibouti 11,7
13 EBurundi 11,3
14 ERwanda 11,2
15 ECôte d’Ivoire 10,7
16 E-Ethiopia 10,6
[Umthombo]
Source: UNAIDS
[Isithombe]
UThembeka nawodadewabo
[Umthombo]
Photo: Brett Eloff