Isahluko 24

Ingabe Singaphansi KweMiyalo Eyishumi?

1. Yimuphi umthetho uMose awunikeza abantu?

YIMIPHI imithetho uJehova uNkulunkulu afuna ukuba siyilalele? Ingabe kumelwe sigcine lokho iBhayibheli elikubiza ngokuthi ‘umthetho kaMose’ noma ngezinye izikhathi, ‘uMthetho’? (1 AmaKhosi 2:3; Thithu 3:9) Lona futhi ubizwa ngokuthi ‘umthetho kaJehova,’ ngoba uYena owawunikeza. (1 IziKronike 16:40) UMose wamane wawudlulisela nje uMthetho kubantu.

2. Lomthetho uquketheni?

² Umthetho kaMose uqukethe imithetho noma imiyalo ehlukahlukene engaphezu kwama-600, kuhlanganise neyi-10 eyinhloko. Njengoba uMose asho: “Isivumelwano sakhe [uJehova] aniyala ngaso ukuba nisenze, imiyalelo eyishumi; wayiloba ezibhebheni ezimbili zamatshe.” (Duteronomi 4:13; Eksodusi 31:18) Kodwa uJehova wawunikeza bani uMthetho, kuhlanganise neMiyalo Eyishumi? Ingabe wayinika sonke isintu? Iyini injongo yaloMthetho?

WANIKEZWA UISRAYELI NGENJONGO EKHETHEKILE

3. Sazi kanjani ukuthi uMthetho wanikezwa uIsrayeli kuphela?

³ UMthetho awunikezwanga sonke isintu. UJehova wenza isivumelwano nenzalo kaJakobe, leyo eyaba isizwe sakwaIsrayeli. UJehova wanikeza lesizwe kuphela imithetho yakhe. IBhayibheli likwenza kukhanye lokhu kuDuteronomi 5:1-3 nakumaHubo 147:19, 20.

4. Kungani loMthetho wanikezwa isizwe sakwaIsrayeli?

⁴ Umphostoli uPawulu wabuza lombuzo: “Pho, umthetho uyini na?” Yebo, uJehova wawunikeza ngayiphi injongo umthetho wakhe kuIsrayeli? UPawulu waphendula: “Wenezelwa ngenxa yeziphambeko, kuze kufike inzalo enikiwe isithembiso . . . Njalo-ke umthetho sewaba-ngumlayi [noma umfundisi] wethu wokusiyisa kuKristu.” (Galathiya 3:19-24) Injongo ekhethekile yoMthetho kwakuwukuvikela nokuqondisa isizwe sakwaIsrayeli ukuze silungele ukwamukela uKristu uma efika. Imihlatshelo eminingi eyayidingwa uMthetho yayikhumbuza amaIsrayeli ukuthi ayeyizoni ezidinga uMsindisi.—Heberu 10:1-4.

“ISIPHETHO SOMTHETHO NGUKRISTU”

5. Lapho uKristu efika ezosifela, yini eyenzeka eMthethweni?

⁵ Yebo, uJesu Kristu wayeyilowoMsindisi othenjisiwe, njengoba nengelosi yamemezela ekuzalweni kwakhe. (Luka 2:8-14) Ngakho uma uKristu efika enikela ngokuphila kwakhe okuphelele njengomhlatshelo, kwenzekani-ke eMthethweni? Wasuswa. UPawulu wachaza: “Asisephansi komlayi.” (Galathiya 3:25) Ukususwa koMthetho kwaba yimpumuzo kumaIsrayeli. Wawuwabonakalise njengayizoni, ngoba wonke ahluleka ukugcina lowoMthetho ngokuphelele. UPawulu wathi: “UKristu wasihlenga esiqalekisweni somthetho.” (Galathiya 3:10-14) Ngakho iBhayibheli futhi lithi: “Isiphetho somthetho nguKristu.”—Roma 10:4; 6:14.

6. (a) Waba yini umphumela kumaIsrayeli nabangewona amaIsrayeli lapho umthetho uphela, futhi ngani? (b) Isiphi isinyathelo uJehova asithatha ngokuphathelene noMthetho?

⁶ Umthetho eqinisweni wasebenza njengothango noma “udonga” phakathi kwamaIsrayeli nabanye abantu ababengekho ngaphansi kwawo. Nokho, ngomhlatshelo wokuphila kwakhe, uKristu wawenza “ize umthetho wemiyalo esezimisweni ukuba adale kuye labo ababili [amaIsrayeli nabangewona amaIsrayeli] babe-muntu munye omusha.” (Efesu 2:11-18) Ngokuqondene nesinyathelo uJehova uNkulunkulu ngokwakhe asithatha ngokuphathelene nomthetho kaMose, siyafunda: “Esithethelela zonke izono zethu; esehlangule incwadi yecala lethu emelana nathi [ngenxa yokulahla amaIsrayeli njengayizoni] ngemiyalo yayo [kuhlanganise neMiyalo Eyishumi], wayisusa ngokuyibethela [esigxotsheni].” (Kolose 2:13, 14) Ngakho-ke, ngomhlatshelo ophelele kaKristu, uMthetho wapheliswa.

7, 8. Yini ebonisa ukuthi uMthetho wawungahlukene waba izingxenye ezimbili?

⁷ Abanye abantu nokho, bathi uMthetho uhlukaniswe izingxenye ezimbili: IMiyalo Eyishumi, kanye nayo yonke eminye imithetho. Bathi, okwaphela yilena eminye imithetho, kodwa iMiyalo Eyishumi isalokhu ikhona. Kodwa lokhu akulona iqiniso. ENtshumayelweni yaseNtabeni uJesu wacaphuna eMiyalweni Eyishumi kanye nakwezinye izingxenye zoMthetho, akawenzanga umehluko phakathi kwayo. Ngaleyondlela uJesu wabonisa ukuthi uMthetho kaMose wawungahlukanisiwe waba yizingxenye ezimbili.—Mathewu 5:21-42.

⁸ Phawula futhi, lokho umphostoli uPawulu aphefumlelwa uNkulunkulu ukuba akulobe: “Kalokhu sikhululiwe emthethweni.” Ingabe kwakungeminye imithetho nje kuphela ngaphandle kweMiyalo Eyishumi amaJuda ayekhululwe kuyo? Cha, ngoba uPawulu uyaqhubeka athi: “Kepha bengingasazanga isono, uma bekungengomthetho; ngokuba ukufisa bengingakwazanga, uma umthetho ubungashongo ukuthi: Ungafisi.” (Roma 7:6, 7; Eksodusi 20:17) Njengoba-ke ukuthi “Ungafisi” kungowokugcina weMiyalo Eyishumi, kusobala-ke ukuthi amaIsrayeli ayekhululiwe naseMiyalweni Eyishumi.

9. Yini ebonisa ukuthi umthetho weSabatha lamasonto onke nawo waqedwa?

⁹ Ingabe lokhu kusho ukuthi umthetho wokugcina iSabatha lamasonto onke, ongowesine weMiyalo Eyishumi, nawo futhi wasuswa? Yebo, kunjalo. Lokho iBhayibheli elikushoyo kwabaseGalathiya 4:8-11 nakwabaseKolose 2:16, 17 kuyabonisa ukuthi amaKristu awekho ngaphansi komthetho kaNkulunkulu owanikezwa amaIsrayeli, kanye nemfuneko yawo yokugcina iSabatha lamasonto onke nokugcina ezinye izinsuku ezikhethekile zonyaka. Ukuthi ukugcina iSabatha lamasonto onke akuyona imfuneko yamaKristu kungabonakala futhi kumaRoma 14:5.

IMITHETHO ESEBENZA KUMAKRISTU

10. (a) AmaKristu angaphansi kwamiphi imithetho? (b) Eminingi yalemithetho yathathwaphi, futhi kungani kunengqondo ukuba ithathwe lapho?

¹⁰ Ingabe-ke lokho kusho ukuthi, njengoba amaKristu engekho ngaphansi kweMiyalo Eyishumi, awadingi ukuba agcine noma imiphi imithetho? Lutho neze. UJesu wangenisa “isivumelwano esisha,” esisekelwe emhlatshelweni ongcono wokuphila kwakhe kobuntu okuphelele. AmaKristu angena ngaphansi kwalesivumelwano esisha futhi angaphansi kwemithetho yobuKristu. (Heberu 8:7-13; Luka 22:20) Eminingi yalemithetho iye yathathwa emthethweni kaMose. Lokho akukhona okungenakulindeleka noma okungavamile. Into efanayo ngokuvamile iyenzeka uma uhulumeni omusha uthatha izintambo zokubusa izwe. Inqubo engaphansi kukahulumeni omdala ingase isuswe noma kusebenze enye esikhundleni sayo, kodwa leyonqubo entsha ingase igcine eminingi yemithetho yenqubo endala. Ngendlela efanayo, isivumelwano soMthetho saphela, kodwa eminingi yemithetho yaso eyisisekelo nezimiso yangeniswa ebuKristwini.

11. Yimiphi imithetho noma izimfundiso ezanikezwa amaKristu ezifanayo neMiyalo Eyishumi?

¹¹ Phawula ukuthi lokhu kwenzeka kanjani ngokufunda iMiyalo Eyishumi ekhasini 203, bese uyiqhathanisa nemithetho yobuKristu elandelayo nezimfundiso: “Wokhuleka [kuJehova] uNkulunkulu wakho.” (Mathewu 4:10; 1 Korinte 10:20-22) “Zilindeni ezithombeni.” (1 Johane 5:21; 1 Korinte 10:14) “Baba wethu osezulwini, malingcweliswe igama lakho [lingaphathwa ngendlela yokulehlisa].” (Mathewu 6:9) “Bantwana, lalelani abazali benu.” (Efesu 6:1, 2) Futhi iBhayibheli likwenza kukhanye ukuthi ukubulala, ukuphinga, ukweba, ukuqamba amanga nokufisa nakho kumelene nemithetho yamaKristu.—IsAmbulo 21:8; 1 Johane 3:15; Heberu 13:4; 1 Thesalonika 4:3-7; Efesu 4:25, 28; 1 Korinte 6:9-11; Luka 12:15; Kolose 3:5.

12. Isimiso somthetho weSabatha sidluliselwa ngayiphi indlela elungiselelweni lobuKristu?

¹² Nakuba amaKristu engayalwa ukuba agcine iSabatha lamasonto onke, sifunda okuthile kulelolungiselelo. AmaIsrayeli ayephumula ngokoqobo, kodwa amaKristu kumelwe aphumule ngendlela engokomoya. Kanjani? Ngenxa yokholo nokulalela amaKristu eqiniso ayaphumula ekwenzeni imisebenzi yobugovu. Lemisebenzi yobugovu ihlanganisa imizamo yokuzimisela ukulunga kwawo. (Heberu 4:10) Lokhu kuphumula okungokomoya akugcinwa nje kuphela ngosuku olulodwa ngesonto kodwa zonke izinsuku eziyisikhombisa. Imfuneko yomthetho weSabatha elingokoqobo yokubekela eceleni usuku olulodwa lwezithakazelo ezingokomoya yayivikela amaIsrayeli ekubeni asebenzise sonke isikhathi sawo ngobugovu ekufuneni izithakazelo zawo zezinto ezibonakalayo. Ukusebenzisa lesisimiso nsuku zonke ngendlela engokomoya kuyisivikelo esingcono nangokungaphezulu ngasezintweni ezibonakalayo.

13. (a) Yimuphi umthetho amaKristu akhuthazwa ukuba awugcwalise, futhi awugcwalisa kanjani? (b) Yimuphi umthetho uJesu awugcizelela? (c) Yimuphi umthetho oyisisekelo sawo wonke umthetho kaMose?

¹³ Ngakho amaKristu akhuthazwa ukuba “agcwalise kanjalo umthetho kaKristu,” kunokuba agcine iMiyalo Eyishumi. (Galathiya 6:2) UJesu wanikeza imiyalo eminingi neziyalo, futhi ngokuyilalela kwethu sigcina noma sigcwalise umthetho wakhe. Ngokukhethekile, uJesu wagcizelela ukubaluleka kothando. (Mathewu 22:36-40; Johane 13:34, 35) Yebo, ukuthanda abanye kungumthetho wobuKristu. Kuyisisekelo sawo wonke umthetho kaMose, njengoba iBhayibheli lisho: “Umthetho wonke ugcwalisiwe ezwini linye lokuthi: Wothanda umakhelwane wakho njengokuba uzithanda wena.”—Galathiya 5:13, 14; Roma 13:8-10.

14. (a) Buhle buni obuyoba umphumela wokutadisha kwethu nokusebenzisa izimiso zomthetho kaMose? (b) Uthando luyosishukumisela ukuba senzeni?

¹⁴ Umthetho owanikezwa ngoMose, kanye neMiyalo yawo Eyishumi, wawuyimithetho elungileyo evela kuNkulunkulu. Futhi ngisho nakuba namuhla singekho ngaphansi kwalowomthetho, izimiso zaphezulu ezikuwo zisewusizo olukhulu kithina. Ngokuzitadisha nokuzisebenzisa siyokhulisa ukwazisa kwethu ngoMniki-Mthetho omkhulu uJehova uNkulunkulu. Kodwa okumelwe sikutadishe futhi sikusebenzise ngokukhethekile ekuphileni kwethu imithetho nezimfundiso zobuKristu. Uthando ngoJehova luyosishukumisela ukuba silalele konke akufunayo kithina manje.—1 Johane 5:3.

[Ibhokisi ekhasini 203]

IMIYALO EYISHUMI

1. “NginguJehova uNkulunkulu wakho . . . Ungabi-nabanye onkulunkulu ngaphandle kwami.

2. “Ungazenzeli izithombe ezibaziweyo, namfanekiso wokusezulwini ngaphezulu, nowokusemhlabeni phansi, nowokusemanzini phansi komhlaba; ungazikhothameli, ungazikhonzi . . .

3. “Ungaliphathi ngeze igama likaJehova uNkulunkulu wakho . . .

4. “Khumbula usuku lwesabatha, ulungcwelise. Izinsuku eziyisikhombisa uyakusebenza, uwenze wonke umsebenzi wakho; kepha usuku lwesikhombisa luyisabatha likaJehova uNkulunkulu wakho; awuyikusebenza-msebenzi ngalo, wena nendodanayakho, nendodakazi yakho . . .

5. “Yazisa uyihlo nonyoko, ukuze izinsuku zakho zibezinde ezweni uJehova uNkulunkulu wakho akunika lona.

6. “Ungabulali.

7. “Ungaphingi.

8. “Ungebi.

9. “Ungafakazi amanga ngomakhelwane wakho.

10. “Ungafisi indlu [ka]makhelwane wakho; ungafisi umfazi [ka]makhelwane wakho, nenceku yakhe, nencekukazi yakhe, nenkabi yakhe, nembongolo yakhe, nokunye [kuka]makhelwane wakho.”—Eksodusi 20:2-17.

[Izithombe ekhasini 204, 205]

UMthetho wasebenza njengodonga phakathi kwamaIsrayeli nabanye abantu