I“New World Translation”

Incazelo: Inguqulo yemiBhalo eNgcwele ehunyushwe ngokuqondile esiHeberwini, nesiAramu, nesiGreki yahunyushelwa esiNgisini sanamuhla yikomiti yofakazi bakaJehova abagcotshiwe. Laba bazikhulumela ngokwabo ngokuqondene nomsebenzi wabo ngendlela elandelayo: “Abahumushi balencwadi, abamesabayo nabamthandayo umBhali wemiBhalo yaPhezulu eNgcwele, ngakuYe banomuzwa womthwalo wemfanelo okhethekile wokudlulisela imiqondo yakhe neziyalezo ngokuqonde ngangokunokwenzeka. Banomuzwa womthwalo wemfanelo futhi ngakulabo abangabafundi abacwaningayo abathembele enguqulweni yeZwi eliphefumlelwe likaNkulunkulu oPhezukonke ukuze basindiswe phakade.” Lenguqulo yakhishwa okokuqala iyizingxenye, kusukela ngo-1950 kuya ku-1960. Izinguqulo zezinye izilimi ziye zasekelwa enguqulweni yesiNgisi.

I“New World Translation” isekelwephi?

Njengesisekelo sokuhumusha imiBhalo yesiHeberu, kwasetshenziswa imibhalo kaRudolf Kittel, iBiblia Hebraica, ka-1951-1955. INew World Translation ebukezwe ngo-1984 yazuza ekubukezweni okuvumelana neBiblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia ka-1977. Ngokungaphezulu, imiQulu Yasolwandle Olufile nezinguqulo eziningi zakudala zezinye izilimi zasetshenziswa. Ngokuqondene nemiBhalo yamaKristu yesiGreki, kwasetshenziswa ngokuyinhloko umbhalo wesiGreki ka-1881 owalungiselelwa uWestcott noHort, kodwa eminye imibhalo eminingi eyinhloko yasetshenziswa kanye nezinguqulo eziningi zakudala zezinye izilimi.

Obani ababengabahumushi?

Lapho inikeza amalungelo ayo okunyathelisa inguqulo yayo njengesipho, iKomiti yeNew World Bible Translation yacela ukuba amalungu ayo ahlale engaziwa. IWatch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania iye yasihlonipha isicelo sayo. Labahumushi babengazifuneli udumo kodwa ukuba badumise uMlobi waPhezulu wemiBhalo eNgcwele.

Phakathi neminyaka amanye amakomiti okuhumusha aye aba nombono ofanayo. Ngokwesibonelo, isembozo seNguqulo Yezikhombo (1971) yeNew American Standard Bible sithi: “Asizange sisebenzise igama lanoma isiphi isazi okungabhekiselwa kuso noma kutuswe ngenxa yaso ngoba sikholelwa ukuthi iZwi likaNkulunkulu kumelwe likwazi ukuzimelela ngokwalo.”

Ingabe ngempela iyinguqulo eya ngobufundiswa?

Njengoba abahumushi beye bakhetha ukuhlala bengaziwa, lombuzo awunakuphendulwa lapha ngokwesizinda sabo semfundo. Inguqulo kumelwe ithathwe ngokufaneleka kwayo.

Luhlobo luni lwenguqulo lolu? Phakathi kokunye, iyinguqulo eqondile, ikakhulukazi ehunyushwe izwi ngezwi isuswa ezilimini zokuqala. Ayikhona ukukhulumela okukhululekile, lapho abahumushi beshiya imininingwane abacabanga ukuthi ayibalulekile banezele imiqondo abakholelwa ukuthi iyoba usizo. Ukuze kusizakale abafundi, izinguqulo eziningi zinikeza imibhalo yaphansi eminingi ebonisa izindlela ezihlukene zokufundeka lapho amagama athile engahunyushwa ngokwamukelekayo ngezindlela ezingaphezu kweyodwa, kanye nohlu lwemibhalo yasendulo izinguqulo ezithile ezisekelwe kuyo.

Amanye amavesi angase angafundeki ngendlela efanayo naleyo umuntu ayijwayele. Iyiphi-ke inguqulo eqondile? Abafundi bamenywa ukuba bahlole imibhalo esekelayo ekhonjwe emibhalweni yaphansi enguqulweni yeZikhombo yeNew World Translation, bafunde izincazelo ezinikezwe esithasiselweni, futhi baqhathanise lenguqulo neziningi ezinye izinguqulo. Ngokuvamile bayothola ukuthi abanye abahumushi nabo baye basibona isidingo sokuveza indaba ngendlela efanayo.

Kungani igama elithi Jehova lisetshenziswa emiBhalweni yamaKristu yesiGreki?

Kumelwe kuphawulwe ukuthi iNew World Translation ayikuphela kweBhayibheli elenza lokhu. Igama laphezulu liyavela ezinguqulweni zemiBhalo yesiGreki ehunyushelwe esiHeberwini, ezingxenyeni lapho izingcaphuno zenziwa ngokuqondile zivela emiBhalweni ephefumlelwe yesiHeberu. IThe Emphatic Diaglott (1864) iqukethe igama elithi Jehova izikhathi eziyi-18. Izinguqulo zemiBhalo yamaKristu yesiGreki kwezinye izilimi okungenani ezingama-38 nazo zisebenzisa isimo solimi lwazo segama laphezulu.

Ukugcizelela uJesu Kristu akwenza egameni likaYise kubonisa ukuthi naye siqu walisebenzisa ngokukhululekile. (Math. 6:9; Joh. 17:6, 26) NgokukaJerome wekhulu lesine C.E., umphostoli uMathewu iVangeli lakhe okokuqala walibhala ngesiHeberu, futhi lelovangeli linezingcaphuno eziningi zezingxenye zemiBhalo yesiHeberu eziphethe igama laphezulu. Abanye babalobi bemiBhalo yamaKristu yesiGreki bacaphuna kuyiSeptuagint yesiGreki (inguqulo yemiBhalo yesiHeberu iyiswa esiGrekini, eyaqalwa cishe ngo-280 B.C.E.), imibhalo yayo yokuqala yayiqukethe igama laphezulu ngezinhlamvu zesiHeberu, njengoba kuboniswa izingcezu zoqobo eziye zalondolozwa.

UProfesa George Howard weYunivesithi yaseGeorgia wabhala: “Njengoba iTetragram [izinhlamvu ezine zesiHeberu zegama laphezulu] yayisabhaliwe emakhophini eBhayibheli lesiGreki ayehlanganisa imiBhalo yebandla lokuqala, kungokunengqondo ukukholelwa ukuthi abalobi beT[estamente] E[lisha], lapho becaphuna emBhalweni, bayilondoloza iTetragram isembhalweni weBhayibheli.”—Journal of Biblical Literature, March 1977, k. 77.

Kungani kubonakala amanye amavesi engekho?

Lawomavesi, atholakala kwezinye izinguqulo, awekho emibhalweni emidala kakhulu ekhona yeBhayibheli. Ukuqhathanisa nezinye izinguqulo zesimanje, njengeThe New English Bible neJerusalem Bible yamaKatolika, kubonisa ukuthi nabanye abahumushi baye baqaphela ukuthi lamavesi anjalo awawona aweBhayibheli. Kwezinye izimo, athathwa kwenye ingxenye yeBhayibheli anezelwa kulowombhalo okopishwayo ngumbhali othile.

Uma umuntu ethi—

‘NineBhayibheli lenu nina’

Ungase uphendule: ‘Iliphi iBhayibheli wena onalo? Ingabe i- . . . (ungasho noma imaphi akhona ngolimi lwakho)? Njengoba wazi, kunezinguqulo eziningi zeBhayibheli.’ Khona-ke mhlawumbe unganezela: ‘Ngingajabulela ukusebenzisa noma iliphi iBhayibheli olikhethayo. Mhlawumbe ungaba nesithakazelo sokwazi ukuthi kungani ngithanda kakhulu iNew World Translation. Kungenxa yolimi lwayo lwesimanje, oluqondakalayo, nangenxa yokuthi abahumushi banamathela eduze ezilimini zeBhayibheli zokuqala.’

Noma ungase uthi: ‘Okushoyo kungenza ngibe nomuzwa wokuthi kumelwe ukuba unalo iBhayibheli lapha ekhaya. Iyiphi inguqulo yeBhayibheli oyisebenzisayo? . . . Ungathanda ukuyilanda?’ Khona-ke mhlawumbe unganezela: ‘Kithina sonke, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi iyiphi inguqulo esiyisebenzisayo, kuJohane 17:3 uJesu wagcizelela into ebalulekile yokuyikhumbula, njengoba ungase ubone lapha eBhayibhelini lakho. . . . ’

Okunye ongakusho: ‘Kunezinguqulo eziningi zeBhayibheli. INhlangano yethu ikhuthaza ukusetshenziswa kwezihlukahlukene zazo ukuze siqhathanise nokuba kusizakale umfundi ukuba abambe umqondo okuyiwonawona wemiBhalo. Njengoba kungenzeka uyazi, iBhayibheli ekuqaleni labhalwa ngesiHeberu, isiAramu, nesiGreki. Ngakho-ke siyakwazisa lokho abahumushi abaye bakwenza ukuze balilethe olimini lwethu. Iyiphi inguqulo yeBhayibheli oyisebenzisayo?’

Okunye ukusikisela: ‘Ngokusobala ungumuntu olithandayo iZwi likaNkulunkulu. Ngakho ngiyaqiniseka ukuthi uyothanda ukwazi ukuthi imuphi omunye umehluko omkhulu okhona phakathi kweNew World Translation nezinye izinguqulo. Uhilela igama lomuntu obaluleke kakhulu okukhulunywa ngaye emiBhalweni. Uyazi ukuthi ubani lowo?’ Khona-ke mhlawumbe unganezela: (1) ‘Bewazi nje ukuthi igama lakhe siqu livela izikhathi eziyizi-7 000 eBhayibhelini esiHeberwini sokuqala—ngaphezu kwanoma iliphi elinye igama?’ (2) ‘Kwenza mehluko muni ukuthi siyalisebenzisa yini igama likaNkulunkulu siqu noma cha? Ingabe ukhona umngane omthanda ngempela ongalazi igama lakhe? . . . Uma sifuna ubuhlobo bomuntu siqu noNkulunkulu, ukwazi igama lakhe kuyisiqalo esibalulekile. Phawula okwashiwo uJesu kuJohane 17:3, 6. (IHu. 83:18)’