Isahluko 22

Ingxenye 1—Ofakazi Kuze Kube Sekugcineni Komhlaba

Lengxenye ingeyokuqala kwezinhlanu esahlukweni esibika ngendlela umsebenzi woFakazi BakaJehova oye wafinyelela ngayo emhlabeni wonke. INgxenye 1, ehlanganisa inkathi esukela ku-1870 kuya ku-1914, isemakhasini 404 kuya ku-422. Umphakathi wesintu awukaze usimame ezinxushunxushwini ezabangelwa iMpi Yezwe I, eyaqala ngo-1914. Lowo kwakuwunyaka abaFundi BeBhayibheli ababewuchaze ngaphambili njengophawula ukuphela kweZikhathi Zabezizwe.

NGAPHAMBI kokuba akhuphukele ezulwini, uJesu Kristu wathuma abaphostoli bakhe, ethi: “Nibe-ngofakazi bami . . . kuze kube-sekugcineni komhlaba.” (IzE. 1:8) Wayebikezele nokuthi “lelivangeli lombuso liyakushunyayelwa ezweni lonke, kube-ngubufakazi ezizweni zonke.” (Math. 24:14) Lowomsebenzi awuzange uphele ekhulwini lokuqala. Ingxenye enkulu yawo iye yenziwa ezikhathini zanamuhla. Futhi umlando wokufezwa kwawo kusukela ko-1870 kuze kube namuhla ungovusa amadlingozi ngempela.

Nakuba uCharles Taze Russell aziwa kabanzi ngezinkulumo zakhe zeBhayibheli ezazimenyezelwa kakhulu, akukhona ukuthi wayenesithakazelo ezihlweleni zezilaleli kodwa wayenesithakazelo nakubantu. Ngakho, ngokushesha ngemva kokuba eqale ukunyathelisa INqabayokulinda (yesiNgisi) ngo-1879, waqalisa uhambo olude ehambela amaqembu amancane abafundi balomagazini ukuze axoxe nawo ngemiBhalo.

UC. T. Russell wanxusa labo ababekholelwa ezithembisweni eziyigugu zeZwi likaNkulunkulu ukuba babe nengxenye ekuzihlanganyeleni nabanye abantu. Labo abazinhliziyo zabo zazithinteke ngokujulile ngenxa yalokho ababekufunda babonisa intshiseko yangempela ngokwenza lokho kanye. Ukuze kusize kulomsebenzi, kwalungiselelwa ukwaziswa okunyathelisiwe. Ekuqaleni kuka-1881, kwaba namapheshana amaningi. Ukwaziswa okukuwo kwabe sekuhlanganiswa nokwaziswa okwengeziwe kwaba i-Food for Thinking Christians ehlanganisa okuningi, futhi amakhophi ayo angu-1 200 000 ahlelwa ukuze asakazwe. Kodwa iqenjana labaFundi BeBhayibheli (mhlawumbe ababeyikhulu ngalesosikhathi) lalizowasakaza kanjani wonke lamakhophi?

Ukufinyelela Abantu Ababesonta

Amanye anikezwa izihlobo nabangane. Abamaphephandaba abaningi bavuma ukumthumelela ikhophi umuntu ngamunye owayenesikhokhelo sephephandaba. (Kwakugxilwa kakhulu emaphepheni ayephuma kanye ngesonto nangenyanga ukuze i-Food for Thinking Christians ifinyelele kubantu abaningi ababehlala ezindaweni ezisemaphandleni.) Kodwa ukusakazwa okukhulu kwakwenziwa ngezinsuku eziningi zangeSonto ezilandelanayo phambi kwamasonto e-United States naseBrithani. Babenganele abaFundi BeBhayibheli ababezokwenza konke bona siqu, ngakho baqasha abanye ukuba babasize.

UMfoweth’ uRussell wathuma abangane bakhe ababili, uJ. C. Sunderlin noJ. J. Bender, ukuba baye eBrithani bayoqondisa ukusakazwa kwamakhophi angu-300 000 lapho. UMfoweth’ uSunderlin waya eLondon, kuyilapho uMfoweth’ uBender eya enyakatho eScotland futhi esebenza eya ngaseningizimu. Ukunakekela okuyinhloko kwanikezwa amadolobha amakhulu. Ngezimemezelo zamaphephandaba, kwatholakala abantu ababefaneleka, futhi kwenziwa izivumelwano nabo zokuba bahlele ukuba kube nabasizi abanele ababezosakaza ingxenye yamakhophi ababezoyabelwa. Cishe eLondon kuphela kwatholakala abantu ababezowasakaza abacishe babe ngu-500. Umsebenzi wenziwa ngokushesha, amaSonto amabili elandelana.

Ngawo lowonyaka, kwenziwa amalungiselelo okuba abaFundi BeBhayibheli ababengachitha ingxenye yesikhathi sabo noma ngaphezulu emsebenzini weNkosi kuphela babe ama-colporteur, basakaze izincwadi zokutadisha iBhayibheli. Labanduleli balabo namuhla abaziwa ngokuthi amaphayona bafinyelela ukusakazwa okuphawulekayo kwezindaba ezinhle.

Phakathi neminyaka eyishumi eyalandela, uMfoweth’ uRussell wahlela izinhlobonhlobo zamapheshana ayengase asetshenziswe kalula ekusakazeni amanye amaqiniso avelele eBhayibheli ayesetholiwe. Wabhala nemiqulu eminingana ye-Millennial Dawn (kamuva eyaziwa ngokuthi Studies in the Scriptures). Wayeseqala ukuthatha uhambo lokushumayela ivangeli yena mathupha eya kwamanye amazwe.

URussell Uya Kwamanye Amazwe

Ngo-1891 waya eCanada, lapho isithakazelo esanele sase sihlakulelwe khona kusukela ngo-1880 kangangokuba umhlangano owathanyelwa abangu-700 manje wawusungaqhutshwa eToronto. Waya naseYurophu ngo-1891 ukuze abone ukuthi kwakungenziwani ukuze kuqhutshekiselwe phambili ukusakazwa kweqiniso khona. Loluhambo lwamyisa e-Ireland, eScotland, eNgilandi, emazweni amaningi kwasezwekazini laseYurophu, eRussia (endaweni manje eyaziwa ngokuthi iMoldova), naseMpumalanga Ephakathi.

Wafinyelela kusiphi isiphetho ngayekuthole kulolohambo? “Asibonanga ithuba lokuthi iqiniso liyongena noma ukuthi abantu bayoke bazimisele ngalo eRussia . . . Asibonanga lutho olungasikhuthaza ukuba sethembe ukuthi siyoba khona isivuno e-Italy noma eTurkey noma e-Austria noma eJalimane,” ebika. “Kodwa iNorway, iSweden, iDenmark, iSwitzerland, futhi ikakhulukazi iNgilandi, i-Ireland neScotland, zingamasimu avuthiwe aselungele ukuvunwa. Lamasimu abonakala ememeza ethi, Wozani nizosisiza!” Lena kwakuyinkathi iSonto lamaKatolika elalisakwenqabela ngayo ukufunda iBhayibheli, kuyilapho amaProthestani amaningi ayeshiya amasonto awo, futhi abaningi, ababedunyazwe amasonto, belahla lonke iBhayibheli.

Ukuze kusizwe labobantu ababelambile ngokomoya, ngemva kohambo lukaMfoweth’ uRussell ngo-1891 kwenziwa imizamo eyengeziwe yokuhumushela izincwadi ezilimini zaseYurophu. Futhi, kwenziwa amalungiselelo okuba kunyatheliswe futhi kugcinwe izincwadi eLondon ukuze zikwazi ukutholakala kalula ukuze zisetshenziswe eBrithani. Ngempela, insimu yaseBrithani yabonakala ikulungele ngempela ukuvunwa. Ngo-1900, kakade kwase kunamabandla ayisishiyagalolunye nengqikithi yabaFundi BeBhayibheli abangu-138—phakathi kwabo kunama-colporteur ashisekayo. Lapho uMfoweth’ uRussell ephinda ehambela eBrithani ngo-1903, abayinkulungwane babuthana eGlasgow ukuze bamlalele lapho ekhuluma ‘ngaMathemba Eminyaka Eyinkulungwane Nalokho Okulindelwe,’ kweza abangu-800 eLondon, futhi kwaba nezilaleli ezingu-500 kuya kwezingu-600 kwamanye amadolobha.

Nokho, ukuqinisekisa lokho uMfoweth’ uRussell ayekuphawulile, kwadlula iminyaka engu-17 ngemva kokuhambela kwakhe ngaphambi kokuba kwakhiwe ibandla lokuqala labaFundi BeBhayibheli e-Italy, ePinerolo. Kuthiwani-ke ngeTurkey? Ngasekupheleni kwawo-1880, uBasil Stephanoff wayeshumayele eMacedonia, ngalesosikhathi eyayiyi-European Turkey. Nakuba abanye babebonakala benesithakazelo, abathile ababethi bangabazalwane banikeza imibiko engamanga, okwaholela ekubeni aboshwe. Kwaze kwaba ngo-1909 kuphela lapho kwamukelwa incwadi evela kumGreki othile eSmyrna (manje eyi-Izmir), eTurkey, ibika ukuthi iqembu elalilapho lalizifunda ngokwazisa izincwadi ze-Watch Tower. Ngokuqondene ne-Austria, uMfoweth’ uRussell uqobo waphindela ngo-1911 eyobeka inkulumo eVienna, umhlangano wavele wahlakazwa isixuku. NaseJalimane kwephuza ukuba abantu basabele ngokwazisa. Kodwa abaseScandinavia babonisa ukusiqaphela okukhulu isidingo sabo esingokomoya.

AbaseScandinavia Bayabelana

AbaseSweden abaningi babehlala eMelika. Ngo-1883 ikhophi eyisampula ye-Watch Tower eyayihunyushelwe olimini lwesiSwidi yenziwa yatholakala ukuze isakazwe kubo. Ngokushesha lamakhophi aposelwa abangane nezihlobo eSweden. Azikho izincwadi zesiNorway ezase zinyathelisiwe. Nokho, ngo-1892, ngemva konyaka uMfoweth’ uRussell ehambele eYurophu, uKnud Pederson Hammer, umuntu waseNorway owayefunde iqiniso eMelika, waphindela yena mathupha eNorway eyofakaza ezihlotsheni zakhe.

Khona-ke, ngo-1894, lapho izincwadi ziqala ukunyatheliswa ngesiDano-Norwegian, uSophus Winter, umMelika waseDenmark owayeneminyaka engu-25 ubudala, wathunyelwa eDenmark ethwele izincwadi ayezozisakaza. Ngentwasahlobo elandelayo, wayesehambise imiqulu engu-500 ye-Millennial Dawn. Esikhathini esifushane nje, abanye abambalwa ababefunde lezozincwadi babehlanganyela naye emsebenzini. Ngokudabukisayo, walahlekelwa umbono wokubaluleka kwelungelo eliyigugu ayenalo; kodwa abanye baqhubeka benza ukukhanya kukhanye.

Nokho, ngaphambi kokuba ashiye inkonzo uWinter wayeye waba i-colporteur eSweden. Ngokushesha ngemva kwalokho, ekhaya lomngane othile esiqhingini saseSturkö, u-August Lundborg, ukaputeni osemusha waseSalvation Army, wabona imiqulu emibili ye-Millennial Dawn. Wayiboleka, wayifunda ngentshiseko, wasula esontweni, futhi waqala ukukuhlanganyela nabanye lokho ayekufundile. Enye insizwa, uP. J. Johansson, yakhanyiselwa ukufunda ipheshana eyayilicoshe ebhentshini epaki elithile.

Njengoba iqembu labaseSweden laliqala ukwanda, abanye baya eNorway ukuze basakaze izincwadi zeBhayibheli. Ngisho nangaphambi kwalokho, izincwadi zase zifike ngeposi eNorway zivela ezihlotsheni eMelika. Yilendlela uRasmus Blindheim aqala ngayo enkonzweni kaJehova. Phakathi kwabanye eNorway, uTheodor Simonsen, umshumayeli weFree Mission, wathola iqiniso phakathi naleyominyaka yokuqala. Waqala ukulahla imfundiso yesihogo somlilo ezinkulumweni zakhe eFree Mission. Izilaleli zakhe zagxuma zama ngezinyawo zijabulela lezizindaba ezimnandi; kodwa lapho kutholakala ukuthi wayethole i-“Millennial Dawn,” waxoshwa esontweni. Nokho, waqhubeka ekhuluma ngezinto ezinhle ayezifundile. Enye insizwa eyathola izincwadi ezithile kwakungu-Andreas Øiseth. Lapho nje eseqiniseka ukuthi wayethole iqiniso, washiya ipulazi lomkhaya wangenela umsebenzi wama-colporteur. Ngendlela ehlelekile wayesebenza ephokophele enyakatho, wayeseya eningizimu ngasezindaweni eziphahlwe amawa, kungekho bantu ayebadlula. Ebusika wayethwala izinto zakhe—ukudla, izingubo zokugqoka, nezincwadi—ngenqodlana esunduzwa ngonyawo, futhi abantu abanomoya wokungenisa izihambi babemnika izindawo zokulala. Ohambweni lweminyaka eyisishiyagalombili, wahlanganisa cishe lonke lelozwe ngezindaba ezinhle.

Umka-August Lundborg, u-Ebba, wasuka eSweden waya eFinland eyokwenza umsebenzi wama-colporteur ngo-1906. Cishe ngesikhathi esifanayo, abantu ababebuya e-United States babeza nezincwadi ze-Watch Tower futhi baqale ukukuhlanganyela nabanye lokho ababekufunda. Ngakho eminyakeni embalwa, u-Emil Österman, owayefuna okungcono kunalokho amasonto ayekunikeza, wathola i-Divine Plan of the Ages. Wayihlanganyela nomngane wakhe uKaarlo Harteva, naye owayefuna. Eqaphela ukubaluleka kwalokho ababenakho, uHarteva wayihumushela olimini lwesiFinnish, futhi ngosizo luka-Österman ekuxhaseni ngokwezimali, wahlela ukuba inyatheliswe. Bobabili baqala ukuyisakaza. Bebonisa umoya oqotho wokushumayela ivangeli, bakhuluma nabantu ezindaweni zomphakathi, beya endlini ngendlu, futhi bebeka izinkulumo emahholo amakhulu ayegcwala swí. EHelsinki, ngemva kokudalula izimfundiso zamanga zeLobukholwa, uMfoweth’ uHarteva wamema izilaleli ukuba zisebenzise iBhayibheli ekusekeleni inkolelo yokungafi komphefumulo, uma zazingase zikwazi. Bonke babheka abefundisi ababekhona. Akekho owakhuluma; akekho owakwazi ukuphendula inkulumo ecacile etholakala kuHezekeli 18:4. Abanye ezilalelini bathi abazange babuthi qothu ubuthongo ngalobobusuku ngemva kwalokho abakuzwa.

Umlimi Othobekile Uba Umshumayeli Wevangeli EYurophu

Phakathi nalesosikhathi, u-Adolf Weber, ekhuthazwe umngane osekhulile ongumAnabaptist, wathutha eSwitzerland waya e-United States eyofuna ukuqonda okwengeziwe ngemiBhalo. Lapho, esabela esikhangisweni esithile, waba umlimi kaMfoweth’ uRussell. Ngosizo lwe-Divine Plan of the Ages (ngalesosikhathi eyayisitholakala ngesiJalimane) nemihlangano eyayiqhutshwa uMfoweth’ uRussell, u-Adolf wathola ulwazi lweBhayibheli ayelufuna, futhi wabhapathizwa ngo-1890. ‘Amehlo enhliziyo yakhe akhanyiselwa,’ kangangokuba waliqaphela ngempela ithuba elihle elalimvulekele. (Efe. 1:18) Ngemva kokufakaza ngentshiseko isikhathi esithile e-United States, waphindela ezweni lakubo ukuze aqale umsebenzi ‘esivinini seNkosi’ lapho. Ngakho, phakathi nawo-1890, wayesebuyile eSwitzerland ehlanganyela iqiniso leBhayibheli nalabo abalalelayo.

U-Adolf wayeziphilisa ngokuba umlimi nomqaphi wamahlathi, kodwa wayenesithakazelo esikhulu ekushumayeleni ivangeli. Wafakaza kulabo ayesebenza nabo, nakubantu ababesemadolobheni nasemadolobhaneni aseduze neSwitzerland. Wayazi izilimi eziningana, futhi wasebenzisa lolulwazi ukuze ahumushele izincwadi zeNhlangano olimini lwesiFulentshi. Lapho ubusika bufika wayegcwalisa ujosaka wakhe ngezincwadi zeBhayibheli abese ehamba ngezinyawo eya eFrance, futhi ngezinye izikhathi wayehamba aye ngasenyakatho-ntshonalanga eqonde eBelgium naseningizimu ephikelele e-Italy.

Ukuze afinyelele abantu ayengenakubafinyelela ngokwakhe, wayefaka izikhangiso emaphephandabeni nakomagazini, edonsela ukunakekela ezincwadini ezazitholakala zokutadisha iBhayibheli. U-Elie Thérond, enkabeni yeFrance, wasabela kwesinye sezikhangiso, wabona inhlansi yeqiniso kulokho akufunda, futhi ngokushesha waqala ukusakaza isigijimi yena uqobo. EBelgium, uJean-Baptiste Tilmant, Sr., naye wabona esinye sezikhangiso ngo-1901 wayesethola imiqulu emibili ye-Millennial Dawn. Yeka indlela okwamhlaba umxhwele ngayo ukubona iqiniso leBhayibheli elalivezwe ngokucace kangaka! Wayengahlala kanjani angabatsheli abangane bakhe! Ngonyaka olandelayo, iqembu elalitadisha lalihlangana njalo emzini wakhe. Ngokushesha ngemva kwalokho umsebenzi waleloqembu elincane wawusuthele izithelo ngisho nasenyakatho yeFrance. UMfoweth’ uWeber wayehlala ethintana nalo, ngezikhathi ezithile evakashela amaqembu ahlukahlukene ayakhekile, ewakha ngokomoya futhi ewanikeza iziyalezo eziphathelene nendlela yokuhlanganyela izindaba ezinhle nabanye.

Lapho Izindaba Ezinhle Zifinyelela EJalimane

Esikhathini esifushane ngemva kokuba ezinye zezincwadi sezitholakala ngesiJalimane, phakathi nawo-1880, abaseMelika abangamaJalimane ababezazisa lezizincwadi baqala ukuthumela amakhophi ezihlotsheni zabo ezazisezweni ababezalelwe kulo. Umhlengikazi othile owayesebenza esibhedlela eHamburg wabelana nabanye esibhedlela amakhophi e-Millennial Dawn. Ngo-1896, u-Adolf Weber, eSwitzerland, wayefaka izikhangiso emaphephandabeni esiJalimane futhi ethumela amapheshana eJalimane. Ngonyaka olandelayo kwavulwa idepho yezincwadi eJalimane ukuze kwenziwe kube lula ukusakazwa kwe-Nqabayokulinda yesiJalimane, kodwa imiphumela yayihamba kancane. Nokho, ngo-1902, uMargarethe Demut, owayethole iqiniso eSwitzerland, wathuthela eTailfingen, empumalanga yeBlack Forest. Ukufakaza kwakhe siqu kwentshiseko kwasiza ekubekeni isisekelo selinye lamaqembu okuqala abaFundi BeBhayibheli eJalimane. USamuel Lauper, waseSwitzerland, wathuthela eBergisches Land, enyakatho-mpumalanga yeCologne, ukuze asakaze izindaba ezinhle kuleyondawo. Ngo-1904, kwase kuqhutshwa imihlangano lapho eWermelskirchen. Phakathi kwalabo ababekhona kwakunekhehla elalineminyaka engu-80 ubudala, uGottlieb Paas, elalithungatha iqiniso. Esokhukhweni lwakhe lokufa, ngokushesha ngemva kokuqala kwaleyomihlangano, uPaas waphakamisa INqabayokulinda wayesethi: “Leli iqiniso; bambelelani kulo.”

Inani lababenesithakazelo kulamaqiniso eBhayibheli lakhula kancane kancane. Nakuba kwakubiza, kwenziwa amalungiselelo okufaka amakhophi esihle angamasampula e-Nqabayokulinda emaphephandabeni eJalimane. Umbiko owakhishwa ngo-1905 uthi kwakusakazwe amakhophi angaphezu kwangu-1 500 000 alamasampula e-Nqabayokulinda. Wawumkhulu lowomzamo owenziwa iqembu elincane kangaka.

Akubona bonke abaFundi BeBhayibheli ababa nomuzwa wokuthi ngokufinyelela abantu ababeseduze nabo babenze konke okwakudingeka. Emuva ngo-1907, uMfoweth’ u-Erler, waseJalimane, wahambela iBohemia endaweni ngalesosikhathi eyayiyi-Austria-Hungary (kamuva eyaba yingxenye yeCzechoslovakia). Wasakaza izincwadi ezazixwayisa nge-Armagedoni futhi ekhuluma ngezibusiso ezazizotholwa isintu ngemva kwalokho. Ngo-1912 omunye umFundi WeBhayibheli wayesakaze izincwadi zeBhayibheli endaweni yaseMemel, manje eyi-Lithuania. Abaningi basabela ngentshiseko esigijimini, futhi amaqembu amaningana abaFundi BeBhayibheli akhiwa ngokushesha lapho. Nokho, lapho bethola ukuthi amaKristu eqiniso kumelwe abe ngofakazi, amanani abo aqala ukuncipha. Nokho, abambalwa baba abalingisi abaqotho bakaKristu, “ufakazi othembekayo noqinisileyo.”—IsAm. 3:14.

Lapho uNikolaus von Tornow, isikhulu esithile saseJalimane esasinezindawo ezinkulu eRussia, siseSwitzerland cishe ngo-1907, sanikezwa elinye lamapheshana e-Watch Tower Society. Eminyakeni emibili kamuva saya eBandleni laseBerlin, eJalimane, sigqoke izingubo zaso zikanokusho siphelezelwa inceku yaso. Kwasithatha isikhathi ukuqonda ukuthi kungani uNkulunkulu ayengawaphathisa abantu abathobeke kanjalo amaqiniso ayigugu, kodwa lokho esakufunda kweyoku-1 Korinte 1:26-29 kwasiza: “Bhekani ukubizwa kwenu-bazalwane: kababaningi abahlakaniphileyo ngokwenyama, kababaningi abanamandla, kababaningi abayizikhulu . . . , ukuze kungabikho-nyama ezibongayo phambi kukaNkulunkulu.” Eqiniseka ukuthi wayethole iqiniso, uvon Tornow wathengisa izindawo zakhe eRussia wayesezinikela yena siqu nangemali yakhe ekuqhubekiseleni phambili izithakazelo zokukhulekela okumsulwa.

Ngo-1911, lapho umbhangqwana osemusha eJalimane, abakwaHerkendell, ushada, umakoti wacela ukuba, njengesipho ubaba asinika indodakazi uma ishada, uyise amuphe imali yeholide langemva komshado elingavamile. Yena nomyeni wakhe babecabangela ukuthatha uhambo oludinga ukuzikhandla olwaluzothatha izinyanga eziningi. Iholide labo langemva komshado laba uhambo lokushumayela eRussia ukuze bafinyelele abantu abakhuluma isiJalimane lapho. Ngakho ngezindlela eziningi izinhlobonhlobo zabantu zazihlanganyela nabanye lokho ezazikufundile ngenjongo kaNkulunkulu yothando.

Ukwanda Ensimini YaseBrithani

Ngemva kokusakazwa kabanzi kwezincwadi eBrithani ngo-1881, abanye abantu ababesonta babona isidingo sokwenza ngokuvumelana nalokho ababekufunda. UTom Hart wase-Islington, eLondon, waba omunye walabo abahlatshwa umxhwele iseluleko esingokomBhalo se-Nqabayokulinda esithi, “Phumani kulo, bantu bami”—okusho, ukuphuma emasontweni obuBabiloni eLobukholwa nokulalela imfundiso yeBhayibheli. (IsAm. 18:4) Wasula esontweni ngo-1884, walandelwa abanye abaningi.

Abaningi ababehlanganyela namaqembu okutadisha baba abashumayeli bevangeli abaphumelelayo. Abanye babehambisa izincwadi zeBhayibheli emapaki aseLondon nakwezinye izindawo abantu ababephumula kuzo. Abanye bagxila ezindaweni zamabhizinisi. Nokho, indlela eyayivame kakhulu yayiwukuhambela endlini ngendlu.

USarah Ferrie, owayenesikhokhelo se-Nqabayokulinda, wabhalela uMfoweth’ uRussell ethi yena nabangane bakhe abambalwa eGlasgow babengathanda ukuhlanganyela ngokuzithandela ekusakazeni amapheshana. Yeka indlela abamangala ngayo lapho iloli lima phambi kwendlu yakhe lilethe amapheshana angu-30 000, wonke okwakumelwe asakazwe mahhala! Kwasuka amaphepha. UMinnie Greenlees, kanye namadodana akhe amancane amathathu, ‘benekalishi’ ababehamba ngalo, bazikhandla ekusakazeni izincwadi zeBhayibheli emaphethelweni eScotland. Kamuva, u-Alfred Greenlees no-Alexander MacGillivray, behamba ngamabhayisikili, basakaza amapheshana engxenyeni enkulu yeScotland. Esikhundleni sokukhokhela abanye ababesakaza izincwadi, manje izisebenzi zokuzithandela ezizinikezele zase zizenzela umsebenzi.

Babeshukunyiswa Izinhliziyo Zabo

Komunye wemifanekiso yakhe, uJesu wayethe abantu ‘ababezwe izwi likaNkulunkulu ngenhliziyo enhle nelungileyo’ babeyothela izithelo. Ukwazisa okuqotho ngamalungiselelo kaNkulunkulu othando kwakuyobashukumisela ukuba bahlanganyele izindaba ezinhle zoMbuso kaNkulunkulu nabanye. (Luka 8:8, 11, 15) Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi izimo zabo ziyini, babeyoyithola indlela yokukwenza.

Ngakho umhambi wamazwe wase-Argentina wathola ingxenye yepheshana i-Food for Thinking Christians etilosini lase-Italy. Lapho esesikhumulweni semikhumbi ePeru, lomhambi wamazwe wabhala ecela engeziwe, futhi enesithakazelo esikhulu, ese-Argentina ngo-1885, wabuye wabhalela umhleli we-Nqabayokulinda ecela izincwadi. Ngawo lowonyaka ilungu leButho Lasolwandle LaseBrithani, elalithunyelwe eSingapore nebutho lalo elilwa ngombayimbayi, lahamba ne-Nqabayokulinda. Lakujabulela elalikufunda kulowomagazini futhi lakusebenzisa ngokukhululeka ekwaziseni abanye ngombono weBhayibheli ezihlokweni okwakungase kukhulunywe ngazo nomphakathi. Ngo-1910 umkhumbi abesifazane ababili abangamaKristu ababekuwo wama esikhumulweni semikhumbi eColombo, eCeylon (manje eyiSri Lanka). Basebenzisa lelothuba ukuze bafakaze kuMnu. Van Twest, umphathi wamatilosi kulesosikhumulo. Bakhuluma naye ngobuqotho ngezinto ezinhle ababezifunde encwadini i-Divine Plan of the Ages. Ngenxa yalokho, uMnu. Van Twest waba umFundi WeBhayibheli, futhi kwaqala ukushunyayelwa kwezindaba ezinhle eSri Lanka.

Ngisho nalabo ababengenakukwazi ukuhamba bafuna izindlela zokuhlanganyela amaqiniso ajabulisayo eBhayibheli nabantu bakwamanye amazwe. Njengoba kwembulwa incwadi yokwazisa eyanyatheliswa ngo-1905, othile e-United States wayethumelele i-Divine Plan of the Ages kumuntu othile owayeseSt. Thomas, endaweni ngalesosikhathi eyayiyiDanish West Indies. Ngemva kokuyifunda lowo owayeyithunyelelwe waguqa ngamadolo wazwakalisa isifiso sakhe esiqotho sokusetshenziwa uNkulunkulu ekwenzeni intando yakhe. Ngo-1911, uBellona Ferguson eBrazil wathi isimo sakhe ‘siwubufakazi obuqondile, nobuphilayo bokuthi abekho abakude kakhulu ukuba bangafinyelelwa’ ngamanzi eqiniso. Kubonakala sengathi wayelokhu ezithola ngeposi izincwadi zeNhlangano kusukela ngo-1899. Esikhathini esithile ngaphambi kweMpi Yezwe I, umuntu waseJalimane owayethuthele eParaguay wathola elinye lamapheshana eNhlangano ebhokisini lakhe leposi. Wa-oda izincwadi ezengeziwe futhi ngokushesha wanqamula ubuhlobo bakhe namasonto eLobukholwa. Kwakungekho muntu kulelozwe owayengakwenza, ngakho yena nomlamu wakhe banquma ukubhapathizana. Ngempela, ubufakazi babunikezwa ezingxenyeni ezikude zomhlaba, futhi babuthela izithelo.

Nokho abanye babaFundi BeBhayibheli bazizwa beshukunyiselwa ukuba baye kwezinye izindawo lapho bona noma abazali babo babezalelwe khona ukuze batshele abangane nezihlobo ngenjongo kaJehova emangalisayo nokuthi bangahlanganyela kanjani kuyo. Ngakho, ngo-1895, uMfoweth’ u-Oleszynski waphindela ePoland nezindaba ezinhle ‘zesihlengo, ukubuyisela nokubizwa kwaphezulu’; nakuba, ngokudabukisayo, engazange ahlale isikhathi eside kuleyonkonzo. Ngo-1898 umuntu owayenguprofesa, waseHungary, wasuka eCanada wayosakaza isigijimi esiphuthumayo seBhayibheli ezweni lakubo. Ngo-1905 umuntu owayebe umFundi weBhayibheli eMelika waphindela eGreece eyofakaza. Futhi ngo-1913 insizwa ethile yahamba nembewu yeqiniso leBhayibheli isuka eNew York iphindela ezweni umkhaya wakubo owawukulo, eRamallah, ngaseJerusalem.

Ukuvula Indawo YaseCaribbean

Nakuba inani labashumayeli bevangeli lalikhula e-United States, eCanada, naseYurophu, iqiniso leBhayibheli lase liqalile ukungena nasePanama, eCosta Rica, eDutch Guiana (manje eyiSuriname), naseBritish Guiana (manje eyiGuyana). UJoseph Brathwaite, owayeseBritish Guiana lapho esizwa ukuba aqonde injongo kaNkulunkulu, wathuthela eBarbados ngo-1905 ukuze anikele ngaso sonke isikhathi sakhe eyifundisa abantu lapho. ULouis Facey noH. P. Clarke, abezwa izindaba ezinhle lapho besebenza eCosta Rica, baphindela eJamaica ngo-1897 ukuze bahlanganyele ukholo lwabo olusha nabantu bakubo. Labo abalamukela iqiniso lapho babeyizisebenzi ezishisekayo. Ngo-1906 kuphela, iqembu laseJamaica lasakaza amapheshana acishe abe ngu-1 200 000 kanye nezinye izincwadi. Esinye isisebenzi esasihlala kwelinye izwe, esafunda iqiniso lapho sisePanama, saphindela emuva eGrenada nesigijimi seBhayibheli sethemba.

Inkathi yenguquko eMexico ngo-1910-11 yaba ngesinye isici esaletha abantu abalambele iqiniso esigijimini soMbuso kaNkulunkulu. Abantu abaningi babaleka beya enyakatho e-United States. Lapho abanye babo bathola abaFundi BeBhayibheli, bezwa ngenjongo kaJehova yokulethela isintu ukuthula okuhlala njalo, base bethumela izincwadi emuva eMexico. Nokho, kwakungaqali ukuba iMexico ifinyelelwe ngalesisigijimi. Emuva ngo-1893, INqabayokulinda (yesiNgisi) yanyathelisa incwadi eyayivela kuF. de P. Stephenson, waseMexico, owayefunde ezinye zezincwadi ze-Watch Tower Society efuna ezengeziwe ukuze azihlanganyele nabangane bakhe eMexico naseYurophu.

Ukuze avule amazwe engeziwe aseCaribbean ukuze kushunyayelwe iqiniso leBhayibheli kuwo futhi kuhlelwe imihlangano yasikhathi sonke yokutadisha, uMfoweth’ uRussell wathumela u-E. J. Coward ePanama ngo-1911 kamuva wamthumela eziqhingini. UMfoweth’ uCoward wayeyisikhulumi esigcizelelayo nesithakazelisayo, futhi ngokuvamile kwakutheleka izilaleli ezibalelwa emakhulwini zizolalela izinkulumo zakhe ezazilahla izimfundiso zesihogo somlilo nokungafi komphefumulo womuntu, zikhuluma nangekusasa elikhazimulayo lomhlaba. Wayesuka kwelinye idolobha aye kwelinye, nakwesinye isiqhingi aye kwesinye—eSt. Lucia, eDominica, eSt. Kitts, eBarbados, eGrenada, naseTrinidad—efinyelela abantu abaningi ngangokunokwenzeka. Wabeka inkulumo naseBritish Guiana. Lapho esesePanama, wahlangana noW. R. Brown, umzalwane osemusha waseJamaica owayeshiseka, ngemva kwalokho owakhonza noMfoweth’ uCoward eziqhingini eziningi zaseCaribbean. Kamuva, uMfoweth’ Brown wasiza ekuvuleni amanye amasimu.

Ngo-1913, uMfoweth’ uRussell uqobo wabeka izinkulumo ePanama, eCuba, naseJamaica. Enkulumweni yeningi ayibeka eKingston, eJamaica, amahholo amabili ayegcwele swí, abanye abantu abangaba ngu-2 000 kwadingeka baphindiselwe emuva. Lapho isikhulumi singasho lutho ngemali nalapho ingathathwa inkongozelo, abezindaba bakuqaphela lokho.

Ukukhanya Kweqiniso Kufinyelela E-Afrika

Nase-Afrika kwakungena ukukhanya kweqiniso phakathi nalenkathi. Incwadi eyathunyelwa ivela eLiberia ngo-1884 yembula ukuthi umuntu othile owayefunda iBhayibheli lapho wayethole ikhophi ye-Food for Thinking Christians futhi efuna amanye ukuze awahlanganyele nabanye. Eminyakeni embalwa ngemva kwalokho, kwabikwa ukuthi umfundisi othile eLiberia wayeyeke ubufundisi ukuze akwazi ukufundisa amaqiniso eBhayibheli ayewafunda ngosizo lwe-Nqabayokulinda nokuthi imihlangano yasikhathi sonke yayiqhutshwa lapho yiqembu labaFundi BeBhayibheli.

Umfundisi waseDashi owayevela eHolland wahamba nezinye zezincwadi zikaC. T. Russell lapho ethunyelwa eNingizimu Afrika ngo-1902. Nakuba engazange aqhubeke ezuza kuzo, uFrans Ebersohn noStoffel Fourie, ababona lezizincwadi emtatsheni wakhe wezincwadi, bazuza. Eminyakeni embalwa kamuva, amanani kuleyongxenye yensimu anda lapho abaFundi BeBhayibheli ababili abashisekayo besuka eScotland bethuthela eThekwini, eNingizimu Afrika.

Ngokudabukisayo, phakathi kwalabo ababethole izincwadi ezazibhalwe uMfoweth’ uRussell futhi base befundisa abanye ngezinye zazo, kwakunabambalwa, njengoJoseph Booth no-Elliott Kamwana, abafaka nemibono yabo siqu, eyayihloselwe ukugqugquzela izinguquko kwezenhlalo. Kwabanye ababebukele eNingizimu Afrika naseNyasaland (kamuva eyaba iMalawi), lokhu kwakwenza kwangacaca ukuthi bangobani abaFundi BeBhayibheli bangempela. Nokho, abaningi babezwa futhi bebonisa ukwazisa ngesigijimi esasiqondisa ukunakekela eMbusweni kaNkulunkulu njengekhambi lezinkinga zesintu.

Nokho, ngokuqondene nokusakazeka kokushumayela e-Afrika lokho kwakusengokwesikhathi esizayo.

EMpumalanga NaseziQhiningi ZasePacific

Ngokushesha ngemva kokuba izincwadi zeBhayibheli ezazihlelwe uC. T. Russell ziqale ukusakazwa eBrithani, zafinyelela naseMpumalanga. Ngo-1883, uNksz. C. B. Downing, umvangeli waseHabe eChefoo (eYantai), eChina, wathola ikhophi ye-Nqabayokulinda. Wakwazisa akufunda ngemfundiso yokubuyisela futhi wahlanganyela lomagazini nabanye abavangeli, kuhlanganise noHorace Randle, owayese-Baptist Mission Board. Kamuva, isithakazelo sakhe sabuye sashukunyiswa isimemezelo sokukhangisa i-Millennial Dawn esasikuyi-Times yaseLondon, futhi salandelwa amakhophi encwadi uqobo—enye ivela kuNksz. Downing nenye eyayithunyelwe ngunina owayeseNgilandi. Ekuqaleni, kwamshaqisa lokho ayekufunda. Kodwa lapho eseqiniseka ukuthi uZiqu-zintathu akayona imfundiso yeBhayibheli, wasula e-Baptist Church wayesekuhlanganyela nabanye abavangeli lokho ayekufundile. Ngo-1900 wabika ukuthi wayethumele izincwadi ezingu-2 324 namapheshana angu-5 000 kubavangeli ababeseChina, eJapane, eKorea, naseSiam (eThailand). Ngalesosikhathi kwakungabavangeli beLobukholwa ngokuyinhloko ababenikezwa ubufakazi eMpumalanga.

Phakathi naleyonkathi, imbewu yeqiniso yatshalwa nase-Australia kanye naseNew Zealand. Eyokuqala ‘yalembewu’ eyafika e-Australia kungenzeka yayiswa lapho ngo-1884 noma ngokushesha ngemva kwalokho umuntu owaqale wakhuluma nomFundi weBhayibheli epaki eNgilandi. Enye “imbewu” yeza ngeposi ivela kubangane nezihlobo phesheya.

Eminyakeni embalwa ngemva kokwakhiwa kweCommonwealth of Australia ngo-1901, abantu abaningi lapho babenezikhokhelo ze-Nqabayokulinda. Ngenxa yomsebenzi walabo ababa nelungelo lokuhlanganyela iqiniso nabanye, izinkulungwane zamapheshana zathunyelelwa abantu abamagama abo ayesohlwini lwababezovota. Amaningi asakazwa kubantu emigwaqweni, futhi izinqwaba zawo zazikhishwa ngamafasitela ezitimela ziphonselwa izisebenzi nabantu abahlala ngabodwa ezindlwaneni ezindaweni eziqhelile ngasemizileni yesitimela. Abantu babaziswa ngokuphela okusondelayo kweZikhathi Zabezizwe ngo-1914. U-Arthur Williams, Sr., wayebatshela lokhu bonke ababethenga esitolo sakhe eNtshonalanga Australia futhi emema abanesithakazelo ukuba beze emzini wakhe ukuze babe nezingxoxo ezengeziwe.

Ukuthi ubani owafinyelela eNew Zealand okokuqala neqiniso leBhayibheli akwaziwa. Kodwa ngo-1898, u-Andrew Anderson, isakhamuzi saseNew Zealand, wayefunde okwanele ezincwadini ze-Watch Tower ukuba kumshukumisele ukuba asakaze iqiniso lapho njenge-colporteur. Imizamo yakhe yaqiniswa ngo-1904 amanye ama-colporteur ayevela eMelika nasehhovisi legatsha leNhlangano elalimiswe ngawo lowonyaka e-Australia. UNkk. Thomas Barry, eChristchurch, wamukela imiqulu eyisithupha ye-Studies in the Scriptures kwenye yama-colporteur. Indodana yakhe uBill yayifunda ngo-1909 phakathi nohambo olwathatha amasonto ayisithupha ngomkhumbi iya eNgilandi futhi yabona ubuqiniso balokho eyayikuqukethe. Eminyakeni ethile kamuva indodana yayo uLloyd yaba ilungu leNdikima Ebusayo yoFakazi BakaJehova.

Phakathi kwezisebenzi ezishisekayo ngalezozinsuku zokuqala kwakuno-Ed Nelson, okwathi nakuba ayengenalo kangako ikhono, wanikela ngaso sonke isikhathi sakhe iminyaka engu-50 ekusakazeni isigijimi soMbuso kusukela echosheni elisenyakatho yeNew Zealand kuya eningizimu. Ngemva kweminyaka embalwa, wajoyinwa uFrank Grove, owathuthukisa inkumbulo yakhe ukuze kusebenze yona njengoba ayengaboni kahle futhi waphayona iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-50 kwaze kwaba sekufeni kwakhe.

Uhambo Lomhlaba Lokuthuthukisa Ukushunyayelwa Kwezindaba Ezinhle

Kwenziwa omunye umzamo omkhulu ngo-1911-12 wokusiza abantu baseMpumalanga. I-International Bible Students Association yathumela ikomiti yamadoda ayisikhombisa, eyayiholwa uC. T. Russell, ukuba izihlolele mathupha izimo lapho. Nomaphi lapho babehamba khona babekhuluma ngenjongo kaNkulunkulu yokulethela isintu izibusiso ngoMbuso wobuMesiya. Ngezinye izikhathi izilaleli zabo zaziba mbalwa; kodwa ePhilippines naseNdiya, kwaba nezinkulungwane. Abazange baqalise umkhankaso owawuthandwa ngalesosikhathi kweLobukholwa wokuqoqa imali yokuguqula izwe. Abakuphawula ukuthi eminingi yemizamo yabavangeli beLobukholwa yayenzelwa ukuthuthukisa imfundo yezwe. Kodwa uMfoweth’ uRussell wayeqiniseka ukuthi lokho abantu ababekudinga ‘kwakuyiVangeli lelungiselelo lothando likaNkulunkulu loMbuso ozayo kaMesiya.’ Esikhundleni sokulindela ukuguqula izwe, abaFundi BeBhayibheli babeqonda ngokusekelwe emiBhalweni ukuthi okwakumelwe kwenziwe ngalesosikhathi kwakuwukunikeza ubufakazi nokuthi lokhu kwakuzoholela ekubuthweni ‘kwabambalwa abakhethwe kuzo zonke izizwe, abantu, imindeni nezilimi ukuba babe amalungu esigaba soMlobokazi [kaKristu]—abayohlala naYe esihlalweni saKhe sobukhosi phakathi neminyaka eyinkulungwane, bebambisene emsebenzini wokuthuthukisa uhlanga lwesintu lulonke.”a—IsAm. 5:9, 10; 14:1-5.

Ngemva kokuchitha isikhathi esithile eJapane, eChina, ePhilippines, nakwezinye izindawo, amalungu alekomiti aqalisa olunye uhambo lwamakhilomitha angu-6 400 eNdiya. Abantu abathile ababehlala eNdiya babefunde izincwadi zeNhlangano futhi babebhale izincwadi bezwakalisa ukwazisa kwabo ngazo emuva ngo-1887. Ukufakaza ngenkuthalo nakho kwakwenziwa phakathi kwabantu abakhuluma isiTamil kusukela ngo-1905 yinsizwa okwathi njengoba yayingumfundi eMelika, yahlangana noMfoweth’ uRussell yayisifunda iqiniso. Lensizwa yasiza ekumiseni amaqembu okutadisha iBhayibheli angaba ngu-40 eningizimu yeNdiya. Kodwa, ngemva kokushumayeza abanye, yona uqobo yalahlwa ngenxa yokunganamatheli ezindinganisweni zobuKristu.—Qhathanisa neyoku-1 Korinte 9:26, 27.

Nokho, cishe ngesikhathi esifanayo u-A. J. Joseph, waseTravancore (eKerala), kuphendulwa umbuzo ayewuthumelele kumAdventist odumile, wathunyelelwa umqulu we-Studies in the Scriptures. Lapha wathola izimpendulo ezingokomBhalo ezanelisayo zemibuzo yakhe ephathelene noZiqu-zintathu. Ngokushesha yena namanye amalungu omkhaya baphuma baya emasimini erayisi nokhukhunathi aseningizimu yeNdiya beyohlanganyela nabanye izinkolelo zabo ababesanda kuzithola. Ngemva kokuhambela kukaMfoweth’ uRussell ngo-1912, uMfoweth’ uJoseph wangenela inkonzo yesikhathi esigcwele. Wayehamba ngesitimela, ngenqola yezinkabi, ngesikebhe, nangezinyawo ukuze asakaze izincwadi zeBhayibheli. Lapho ebeka izinkulumo zeningi, ngokuvamile zaziphazanyiswa abefundisi nabalandeli babo. EKundara, lapho umfundisi “ongumKristu” esebenzisa abalandeli bakhe ukuba aphazamise umhlangano onjalo futhi bajikijele uMfoweth’ uJoseph ngobulongwe, inene elithile elingumHindu elinesithunzi leza lizobona ukuthi kwakungowani lomsindo. Labuza umfundisi: ‘Ingabe yilesosibonelo uKristu asibekela amaKristu ukuba asilandele, noma ingabe lokhu okwenzayo kunjengokuziphatha kwabaFarisi besikhathi sikaJesu?’ Lomfundisi wahoxa.

Ngaphambi kokuba luphele uhambo lomhlaba lwezinyanga ezine olwathathwa ikomiti ye-IBSA, uMfoweth’ uRussell wayehlele ukuba uR. R. Hollister abe ummeleli weNhlangano eMpumalanga futhi aphikelele ekusisakazeni kubantu abalapho isigijimi esiphathelene nelungiselelo lothando lukaNkulunkulu loMbuso wobuMesiya. Amapheshana akhethekile anyatheliswa ngezilimi eziyishumi, futhi izigidi zalawa zasakazwa abantu ababengabakuleyondawo kulo lonke elaseNdiya, eChina, eJapane, nelaseKorea. Khona-ke izincwadi zahunyushelwa kwezine zalezizilimi ukuze balungiselelwe ukudla okwengeziwe okungokomoya labo ababebonisa isithakazelo. Lensimu yayinkulu, futhi kuningi okwakusamelwe kwenziwe. Nokho, okwakufeziwe kuze kube yilesosikhathi kwakumangalisa ngempela.

Kwanikezwa Ubufakazi Obuhlaba Umxhwele

Ngaphambi kokuba inhlekelele yempi yezwe yokuqala iqale, ubufakazi obukhulu base bunikeziwe emhlabeni wonke. UMfoweth’ uRussell wayehambele amadolobha amaningi e-United States naseCanada ukuze abeke izinkulumo kuwo, waya ephindelela eYurophu, wayebeke izinkulumo ePanama, eJamaica, naseCuba, nasemadolobheni amakhulu aseMpumalanga. Amashumi ezinkulungwane abantu ayezizwele izinkulumo zakhe zeBhayibheli ezivusa amadlingozi futhi ebonile ephendula imibuzo, eyayibuzwa abangane nezitha, obala ngokusekelwe emiBhalweni. Ngakho isithakazelo sabaningi sasivusiwe, futhi izinkulungwane zamaphephandaba eMelika, eYurophu, eNingizimu Afrika, nase-Australia zazizinyathelisa njalo izintshumayelo zikaMfoweth’ uRussell. AbaFundi BeBhayibheli basakaza izigidi zezincwadi, kanye namakhulu ezigidi amapheshana nezinye izincwadi ngezilimi ezingu-35.

Nakuba indima yakhe yayivelele, akuyena yedwa uMfoweth’ uRussell owayeshumayela. Nabanye, ababesakazeke embulungeni yonke, babehlanganise amazwi abo njengoFakazi BakaJehova nabeNdodana yakhe, uJesu Kristu. Akubona bonke ababehlanganyela ababeyizikhulumi zasobala. Babevela kuzo zonke izizinda zokuphila, futhi babesebenzisa zonke izindlela ezifanelekayo ababenazo ukuze basakaze izindaba ezinhle.

Ngo-January 1914, njengoba kwase kusele isikhathi esingaphansi konyaka kuphele iZikhathi Zabezizwe, kwaqalisa okunye ukufakaza okubanzi. Lokhu kwakuyi-“Photo-Drama of Creation,” eyayigcizelela kabusha injongo kaNkulunkulu ngomhlaba. Yenza lokhu ngama-slide anombala ayependwe kahle ngesandla kanye nezithombe ezinyakazayo, ezazidlala ngesikhathi esisodwa nomsindo. Amaphephandaba omphakathi e-United States abika ukuthi yayibukelwa masonto onke ezweni kabanzi izibukeli ezibalelwa emakhulwini ezinkulungwane. Ngasekupheleni konyaka wokuqala, ingqikithi yenani lababekhona e-United States naseCanada yase ifinyelele cishe ezigidini eziyisishiyagalombili. ELondon, eNgilandi, kwakunezixuku eziningi e-Opera House naseRoyal Albert Hall zizobukela lombukiso owawuyizingxenye ezine ezidlala amahora amabili iyinye. Esikhathini esingaphansi konyaka, abangaphezu kwabangu-1 226 000 babeye baba khona emadolobheni angu-98 eBritish Isles. Izixuku eJalimane naseSwitzerland zagcwala emahholo ayetholakala. Yabonwa nayizibukeli eziningi eScandinavia naseNingizimu Pacific.

Yeka ubufakazi obuphawulekayo, obuningi, bembulunga yonke obanikezwa phakathi nalawomashumi eminyaka okuqala omlando wosuku lwanamuhla woFakazi BakaJehova! Kodwa-ke, umsebenzi wawusaqala.

Amakhulu ambalwa kuphela ayehlanganyela ngenkuthalo ekusakazeni iqiniso leBhayibheli ngasekuqaleni kwawo-1880. Ngo-1914, ngokwemibiko etholakalayo, kwakunabacishe babe ngu-5 100 ababehlanganyela kulomsebenzi. Abanye kungenzeka ngezikhathi ezithile babewasakaza amapheshana. Izisebenzi zazimbalwa uma kuqhathaniswa.

Leliqembu elincane labashumayeli bevangeli, ngezindlela ezihlukene, kakade lase lisakaze ukumemezela kwalo uMbuso kaNkulunkulu emazweni angu-68 engxenyeni yokugcina ka-1914. Futhi umsebenzi walo njengabashumayeli nabafundisi beZwi likaNkulunkulu wamiswa ngesisekelo esifanayo kwangu-30 alamazwe.

Kwase kusakazwe izigidi zezincwadi namakhulu ezigidi amapheshana ngaphambi kokuphela kweZikhathi Zabezizwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngo-1913 amaphephandaba angaba ngu-2 000 ngaso sonke isikhathi ayenyathelisa izintshumayelo ezazihlelwe uC. T. Russell, futhi ngonyaka ka-1914 izibukeli ezingaphezu kuka-9 000 000 emazwekazini amathathu zazibone i-“Photo-Drama of Creation.”

Ngempela, kwakunikezwe ubufakazi obumangalisayo! Kodwa okukhulu kwakuseza.

[Imibhalo yaphansi]

[Ibalazwe/Isithombe ekhasini 405]

UC. T. Russell uqobo wabeka izinkulumo zeBhayibheli emadolobheni angaphezu kwangu-300 (ezindaweni eziphawulwe ngamachashazi) eNyakatho Melika naseCaribbean—kwamaningi awo izikhathi eziyishumi noma ezingu-15

[Ibalazwe]

(Bheka encwadini)

[Ibalazwe ekhasini 407]

(Bheka encwadini)

Uhambo lokushumayela lukaRussell lokuya eYurophu, ngokuvamile olwaludlula eNgilandi

1891

1903

1908

1909

1910 (kabili)

1911 (kabili)

1912 (kabili)

1913

1914

[Ibalazwe/Isithombe ekhasini 408]

Lapho nje eseqiniseka ukuthi wayethole iqiniso, u-Andreas Øiseth wazisakaza ngentshiseko izincwadi zeBhayibheli cishe kuzo zonke izingxenye zeNorway

[Ibalazwe]

(Ukuze ubone ukuthi indaba ihlelwe kanjani, bheka encwadini)

NORWAY

Arctic Circle

[Ibalazwe/Isithombe ekhasini 409]

U-Adolf Weber, umlimi othobekile, wasakaza izindaba ezinhle esuka eSwitzerland eya kwamanye amazwe eYurophu

[Ibalazwe]

(Ukuze ubone ukuthi indaba ihlelwe kanjani, bheka encwadini)

BELGIUM

GERMANY

SWITZERLAND

ITALY

FRANCE

[Ibalazwe/Isithombe ekhasini 413]

UBellona Ferguson, eBrazil—“abekho abakude kakhulu ukuba bangafinyelelwa”

[Ibalazwe]

(Ukuze ubone ukuthi indaba ihlelwe kanjani, bheka encwadini)

BRAZIL

[Ibalazwe sekhasini 415]

(Ukuze ubone ukuthi indaba ihlelwe kanjani, bheka encwadini)

ALASKA

CANADA

GREENLAND

ST. PIERRE & MIQUELON

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

BERMUDA

BAHAMAS

TURKS & CAICOS ISLANDS

CUBA

MEXICO

BELIZE

JAMAICA

HAITI

DOMINICAN REPUBLIC

PUERTO RICO

CAYMAN ISLANDS

GUATEMALA

EL SALVADOR

HONDURAS

NICARAGUA

COSTA RICA

PANAMA

VENEZUELA

GUYANA

SURINAME

FRENCH GUIANA

COLOMBIA

ECUADOR

PERU

BRAZIL

BOLIVIA

PARAGUAY

CHILE

ARGENTINA

URUGUAY

FALKLAND ISLANDS

VIRGIN ISLANDS (U.S.)

VIRGIN ISLANDS (BRITISH)

ANGUILLA

ST. MAARTEN

SABA

ST. EUSTATIUS

ST. KITTS

NEVIS

ANTIGUA

MONTSERRAT

GUADELOUPE

DOMINICA

MARTINIQUE

ST. LUCIA

ST. VINCENT

BARBADOS

GRENADA

TRINIDAD

ARUBA

BONAIRE

CURAÇAO

ATLANTIC OCEAN

CARIBBEAN SEA

PACIFIC OCEAN

[Ibalazwe ekhasini 416, 417]

(Ukuze ubone ukuthi indaba ihlelwe kanjani, bheka encwadini)

GREENLAND

SWEDEN

ICELAND

NORWAY

FAEROE ISLANDS

FINLAND

RUSSIA

ESTONIA

LATVIA

LITHUANIA

BELARUS

UKRAINE

MOLDOVA

GEORGIA

ARMENIA

AZERBAIJAN

TURKMENISTAN

UZBEKISTAN

KAZAKHSTAN

TAJIKISTAN

KYRGYZSTAN

POLAND

GERMANY

NETHERLANDS

DENMARK

BRITAIN

IRELAND

BELGIUM

LUXEMBOURG

LIECHTENSTEIN

SWITZERLAND

CZECHOSLOVAKIA

AUSTRIA

HUNGARY

ROMANIA

YUGOSLAVIA

SLOVENIA

CROATIA

BOSNIA & HERZEGOVINA

BULGARIA

ALBANIA

ITALY

GIBRALTAR

SPAIN

PORTUGAL

MADEIRA

MOROCCO

WESTERN SAHARA

SENEGAL

ALGERIA

LIBYA

EGYPT

LEBANON

ISRAEL

CYPRUS

SYRIA

TURKEY

IRAQ

IRAN

BAHRAIN

KUWAIT

JORDAN

SAUDI ARABIA

QATAR

UNITED ARAB EMIRATES

OMAN

YEMEN

DJIBOUTI

SOMALIA

ETHIOPIA

SUDAN

CHAD

NIGER

MALI

MAURITANIA

GAMBIA

GUINEA-BISSAU

SIERRA LEONE

LIBERIA

CÔTE D’IVOIRE

GHANA

TOGO

BENIN

EQUATORIAL GUINEA

ST. HELENA

GUINEA

BURKINA FASO

NIGERIA

CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC

CAMEROON

SÃO TOMÉ

CONGO

GABON

ZAIRE

ANGOLA

ZAMBIA

NAMIBIA

BOTSWANA

SOUTH AFRICA

LESOTHO

SWAZILAND

MOZAMBIQUE

MADAGASCAR

RÉUNION

MAURITIUS

RODRIGUES

ZIMBABWE

MAYOTTE

COMOROS

SEYCHELLES

MALAWI

TANZANIA

BURUNDI

RWANDA

UGANDA

FRANCE

PAKISTAN

AFGHANISTAN

NEPAL

BHUTAN

MYANMAR

BANGLADESH

INDIA

SRI LANKA

GREECE

MALTA

TUNISIA

KENYA

ATLANTIC OCEAN

INDIAN OCEAN

ALASKA

MONGOLIA

DEMOCRATIC PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF KOREA

JAPAN

REPUBLIC OF KOREA

CHINA

MACAO

TAIWAN

HONG KONG

LAOS

THAILAND

VIETNAM

CAMBODIA

PHILIPPINES

BRUNEI

MALAYSIA

SINGAPORE

INDONESIA

SAIPAN

ROTA

GUAM

YAP

BELAU

CHUUK

POHNPEI

KOSRAE

MARSHALL ISLANDS

NAURU

PAPUA NEW GUINEA

AUSTRALIA

NEW ZEALAND

NORFOLK ISLAND

NEW CALEDONIA

WALLIS & FUTUNA ISLANDS

VANUATU

TUVALU

FIJI

KIRIBATI

TOKELAU

HAWAII

WESTERN SAMOA

AMERICAN SAMOA

NIUE

TONGA

COOK ISLANDS

TAHITI

SOLOMON ISLANDS

PACIFIC OCEAN

INDIAN OCEAN

[Ibalazwe/Isithombe ekhasini 421]

U-A. J. Joseph, waseNdiya, nendodakazi yakhe uGracie, owaba isithunywa sevangeli esiqeqeshwe eGileyadi

[Ibalazwe]

(Ukuze ubone ukuthi indaba ihlelwe kanjani, bheka encwadini)

INDIA

[Isithombe ekhasini 411]

UHermann Herkendell, ekanye nomakoti wakhe, bathatha iholide langemva komshado lezinyanga eziningi ukuze bashumayeze abantu abakhuluma isiJalimane eRussia

[Izithombe ekhasini 412]

Ama-“colporteur” eNgilandi naseScotland azama ukunikeza wonke umuntu ithuba lokuthola ubufakazi; ngisho nabantwana bawo basiza ekusakazeni amapheshana

[Isithombe ekhasini 414]

U-E. J. Coward wasakaza iqiniso leBhayibheli ngentshiseko endaweni yaseCaribbean

[Isithombe ekhasini 418]

UFrank Grove (kwesobunxele) no-Ed Nelson (abalapha nomkabo) ngamunye wanikela ngeminyaka engaphezu kwengu-50 ekusakazeni isigijimi soMbuso isikhathi esigcwele kulo lonke elaseNew Zealand

[Izithombe ekhasini 420]

UC. T. Russell nabangane bakhe abayisithupha bahamba bezungeza umhlaba ngo-1911-12 ukuze baqhubekisele phambili ukushunyayelwa kwezindaba ezinhle