Ukuqondisa Kanjani Ukuphila Kwakho?
“Babusisiwe abaqotho endleleni, abahamba ngemithetho kaJehova.”—IHubo 119:1.
1. Yini umlando obonisa ukuthi ibalulekile ukuze kutholakale injabulo?
‘UDINGANI ukuze ube nokuphila okujabulisayo?’ Abantu abaningi bangaphendula ngokuphawula izinto ezibonakalayo, ezinjengokudla, izembatho nendawo yokuhlala, noma izindlela zokuzenamisa nokuzijabulisa. Nokho umlando ufakazela ukuthi okubaluleke ngokwengeziwe enjabulweni yakho umbono wakho ngokuphila nendlela yakho yokuphila. Njengoba usebenzelana nomqashi wakho, abangane nomkhaya—uyolikhuluma yini iqiniso? uyokuthatha yini okungekhona okwakho? uyowenza yini umsebenzi othile osolekayo noma ukuzijabulisa?
2. Abanye abantu bakuqondisa kanjani ukuphila kwabo, okuholela kumiphi imibuzo?
2 Ekuphenduleni imibuzo enjalo, abanye bakhetha iziyalo eziqondile abazaziyo noma abazifunayo lapho zidingeka. Abanye benza lokho “abanomuzwa” wokuthi kulungile ngokukanembeza wabo. Nokho, ungase uthande ukubuza, Njengoba iBhayibheli linokuningi elikushoyo ngo“nembeza,” uyini? Usebenza kanjani? Ingabe ufeza indima ebalulekile ekwenzeni kwethu izinqumo nasekutholeni injabulo? Futhi singakwazi kanjani ukusho njengoba kwasho umphostoli uPawulu, ukuthi: “Ngihambile phambi kukaNkulunkulu nginonembeza wonke omuhle kuze kube-namuhla?”—IzEnzo 23:1.
Unembeza Wakho—Uyini?
3, 4. Uyini “unembeza,” futhi ubani onawo?
3 Abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi unembeza uwumuzwa ovamile wokulungile nokubi. Nokho, sinomthombo wokwaziswa okuqondile ngokwengeziwe ngawo—iZwi likaNkulunkulu. IBhayibheli liyasisiza ukuba siqonde ukuthi unembeza uwufakazi wangaphakathi. Kungakho uPawulu athi: “Unembeza wami ufakazelana nami eMoyeni oNgcwele.” (Roma 9:1) Wasebenzisa igama lesiGreki elithi syneiʹdesis, elisho, ngokoqobo, ukubambisana kwakho nolwazi. Ngakho-ke unembeza ungamandla okuzibheka ngokwakho ngokuzahlulela, ukunikeza ubufakazi ngawe.
4 Unembeza awuyona intuthuko yokuhlalisana kwabantu, ngoba iBhayibheli libonisa ukuthi uNkulunkulu wawufaka embhangqwaneni wokuqala wabantu. (Genesise 3:7, 8) Lapho echaza ukuba necala kwamaJuda nabeZizwe, uPawulu waloba: “Ngokuba nxa abezizwe abangenawo umthetho ngokwemvelo benza okomthetho, laba, bengenawo umthetho, bangumthetho wabo ngokwabo, babonakalisa ukuthi umsebenzi womthetho ulotshiwe ezinhliziyweni zabo, nonembeza wabo uyafakaza naye, imicabango yabo imangalelana noma ivunana.” (Roma 2:14, 15) Yebo, ngisho nabantu abangenawo umthetho olotshiwe ovela kuNkulunkulu baye bazibheka njengezimbi izinto ezinjengokubulala, ukweba nokuganana kwezihlobo. Singabona futhi kulamavesi ukuthi unembeza uwumphumela wokusebenza kwenhliziyo nengqondo (“imicabango”).
5. Iyiphi indlela unembeza wakho osebenza ngayo?
5 Ukusebenza kukanembeza okunokwenzeka sijwayelene nakho kakhulu kuwukwahlulela kwawo ukuziphatha kwethu ‘ngemva kwecala,’ ngemva kwesenzo esibi. Lapho siphetha ngokuthi siye senza okubi noma saziphatha kabi, unembeza wethu uyasimangalela futhi usilahle. (Qhathanisa no-2 Samuweli 24:10; 1 Johane 3:20.) Uma sisabela kuwo, indima kanembeza ingasisiza ngokusishukumisela ekugwemeni ukuphinda ububi. Futhi ingasibangela ukuba siphenduke, sixolise noma ngisho silungise umonakalo uma singase sikwazi.—IHubo 32:3, 5; Mathewu 5:23, 24; Luka 19:1-8.
6. Kungayiphi enye indlela unembeza wakho ongasebenza ngayo?
6 Unembeza wethu ungasebenza nangenye indlela. Nakuba abanye bethi unembeza omuhle yilowo ozithulele, lapho sibhekene nesinqumo noma inkinga, unembeza wethu kumelwe ukhulume futhi usishukumisele ekwenzeni okulungileyo. Sithola isibonelo esihle ekwenqabeni kukaJosefa ukuncenga komfazi kaPotifari. Nakuba uNkulunkulu ayengakawunikezi umthetho olotshiwe omelene nokuphinga, unembeza kaJosefa wamshukumisela ukuba akwenqabe ukuziphatha okubi. (Genesise 39:1-9) Uma, ngaphambi kokuthatha isenzo, silalela unembeza wethu, singase sigweme usizi lokukhathazwa unembeza.
7. Yini esifisa ukuyithola kulesifundo?
7 Umbuzo uyasala: Unembeza kumelwe ube nethonya elingakanani? Ingabe ukholelwa ukuthi izinkinga eziningi zokuziphatha nezomuntu siqu kumelwe zinqunywe ngokukanembeza? Noma ingabe okungcono imithetho? Sidinga ukwazi. Futhi, ingabe zikhona izingozi okumelwe siziqaphele? Yini eboniswa yiZwi likaNkulunkulu elithi li“lungele ukufundisa, nokusola, nokuqondisa, nokuyala ekulungeni”?—2 Thimothewu 3:16.
Ukweqisa Emibonweni
8. Ukuziphatha okuhle kuye kwabhekwa ngakuphi ukweqisa okubili?
8 Ukushayisana phakathi kwemithetho nonembeza kuyinto endala. Esihlokweni esithi “Casuistry” iEncyclopaedia Britannica (uhlelo lwe-11) ichaza ukuthi ukuziphatha okuhle “ngezinye izikhathi kuye kwacatshangelwa njengomthetho wangaphandle, ngezinye izikhathi njengesimo sangaphakathi. . . . Abakholelwa emthethweni baye babeka ukuthembela kwabo egunyeni noma enqubweni; kube kuyilapho abakholelwa esimweni ngokuyinhloko bebheka emandleni esazela—unembeza, ingqondo noma imizwelo.” Ukweqisa kuzo zombili lezizimo kwakukhona lapho uJesu nabaphostoli bakhe besesemhlabeni. Singakwazisa kangcono ukulinganisela okuwusizo kweBhayibheli nokuhlakanipha kokwesaba uNkulunkulu ngokuphawula isimo esasikhona ngalesosikhathi.
9, 10. (a) AbaFarisi bakubonisa kanjani okunye ukweqisa? (b) Ngokuphambene, isiphi isimo esasivamile phakathi kwamaGreki namaRoma?
9 AbaFarisi abangamaJuda ngentshiseko bamisa iziyalo. Benganeliswa umthetho kaMose bazenzela iziyalo noma “imiyalo yabantu” eyayenza imiyalo kaNkulunkulu ibe yize. Ngaphandle kokuzenzela leziziyalo ezazeqisa kulokho okwakufunwa uNkulunkulu, umbono wabo ngomthetho wakhuthaza umbono wokuthi ukulunga kungatholakala ngokwazi nokugcina lezizimiso zabantu.—Mathewu 15:1-20; 23:1-5; Luka 18:9-12.
10 “Ngakolunye uhlangothi kukhona iGrisi lasendulo,” kuchaza isazi esidumile uSamuel H. Butcher. “Phakathi kwamaGreki . . . akukho simiso semfundiso nomkhuba, noma izincwadi eziqukethe iziyalo ezigunyaziwe zokuziphatha, ezidluliswa izincwadi. . . . Iziyalo ezingaguquki zanciphisa izenzo.” Maqondana namaRoma, iEncyclopaedia Britannica ithi: “UCicero noSeneca babeqondiswa yingqondo yabo. Inkinga ngayinye babeyinquma ngokwemininingwane yayo, bebheka ngokwengeziwe ubunjalo bayo kunokulandela umthetho obhaliwe.” Lombono wamaGreki namaRoma wawuthandwa ekhulwini lokuqala. Ingabe wawukhanga kumaKristu? UPawulu waloba; “Xwayani funa kube-khona onithumbayo ngokuhlakanipha nangenkohliso eyize . . . njengezimfundiso zokucathula kwezwe, kungenjengokukaKristu.”—Kolose 2:8; IzEnzo 17:18-21.
11. Izimo ezimbili zokweqisa zaba sobala kanjani kamuva emlandweni?
11 Nasemakhulwini amuva kokubili lokhukweqisa kwaba nabasekeli bakho, ngisho naphakathi kwabantu ababebizwa ngokuthi amaKristu. AmaJesuits ayedume ngokugcizelela ukuziphatha okusekelwe emithethweni yeSonto engenakubalwa. Ngemva kweNguquko, ubuProthestani bagcizelela ukuzinqumela nonembeza, okuye kwaholela embonweni wanamuhla owaziwa njenge“nkambo ebuswa uthando,” owavezwa ilungu lesonto lababhishobhi uDr. Joseph Fletcher. IThe National Observer iyabika: “UDr. Fletcher uye waveza inkambiso ephikisayo yenkululeko yomuntu nomthwalo wemfanelo, esekelwe enkambisweni enhle yothando lobuzalwane, athi kumelwe ikhulule umuntu wanamuhla eziyalweni eziqinile, ezindala nemiyalo enjenge‘Miyalo Eyishumi.’ . . . Khona-ke ngokuqondiswa uthando kuphela, ukukhipha isisu, ukuhlobonga, ukudivosa, . . . nobunye ububi obuyisiko buba obamukelekayo ngokokuziphatha okuhle kuDr. Fletcher ezimweni ezithile.”
12. Iyiphi ingozi ebhekene nathi okudingeka siyigweme?
12 Ngokusobala, abantu bathambekele ekweqiseni—beqondiswa iziyalo noma unembeza. Abathile ababona ubuthakathaka bokweqisa ngendlela ethile baphendukela ekweqiseni ngendlela ephambene naleyo, njengoba nje kwenza uthi lwewashi olusuka ngakwesokudla luye kwesobunxele. Ngokwesibonelo, phakathi neminyaka yawo-1100 uthi lwasuka esimweni sokubuswa kobuJesuit lwahlala ekugcizeleleni inkululeko nonembeza wabantu beNguquko. Futhi, kungase ukuba wazi abazali ababenesandla esiqine ngokweqile kakhulu ekukhuliseni abantwana babo. Kodwa lapho labantwana bekhula, basabela ngokwenza okuphambene kakhulu, bavumela abantwana babo siqu noma iyiphi futhi yonke inkululeko, bathola imiphumela emibi kakhulu. Singalibona iqiniso lamazwi eBhayibheli: “Ngiyazi, Jehova, ukuthi indlela yomuntu ayikuye uqobo; akukuyo indoda ukuba ihambe, iqondise izinyathelo zayo.”—Jeremiya 10:23.
Ukuqondisa KukaNkulunkulu Okunokulinganisela Nokuwusizo
13. IBhayibheli lisinikeza luphi usizo maqondana nokuziphatha okuhle nonembeza?
13 UJehova uye walungiselela usizo olulinganiselwe lwamaKristu emiBhalweni ukuze sigweme: (1) ukugcizelela ngokweqile iziyalo, okungaholela ekubeni nombono omfushane noqinile ngokuphila nokukhulekela, noma (2) ukugcizelela ngokweqile inkululeko kanembeza, okuye kwaholela abathile ekucabangeni kobuntu okuze kuthethelele ngisho nokona. Ukuze samukele ukulinganisela kweZwi likaNkulunkulu futhi sizuze ekuqondiseni kwalo, sidinga ukuba nesimo sikaDavide: “Ngazise imendo yakho Jehova; ngifundise izindlela zakho. Ngihambise eqinisweni lakho, ungifundise, ngokuba wena unguNkulunkulu wensindiso yami.”—IHubo 25:4, 5.
14, 15. Yini esingayifunda emiBhalweni yamaKristu yesiGreki maqondana nombono wamaJuda ngoMthetho nokaNkulunkulu?
14 IBhayibheli limbula ukulahla kukaJesu umqondo wokubuswa yizimiso wababhali nabaFarisi. AmaJuda ambalwa ayengafuni ukusebenzisa ikhono lawo lokucabanga ayelinikezwe uNkulunkulu ayengathanda izimiso zokuthi kwakumelwe izingalo zigezwe kuze kufinyelelephi, ukuthi wawuyini “umsebenzi” ongamelwe wenziwe ngesabatha,a ukuthi yiziphi izilimo okwakumelwe zibe okweshumi, njalo njalo. Lokho kwaphumela eziyalweni eziwumthwalo, kwafuna izincazelo ezingapheli futhi kwaphazamisa ukunakekela izici ezingokomoya nezibalulekile zemiBhalo. UJesu watshela abaholi benkolo: “Ngokuba nithela okweshumi kwesinkuntshane, nokwentshungu, nokodonqa, niyeke okunzima komthetho: ukwahlulela nesihawu nokukholwa.”—Mathewu 23:23; Marku 7:3, 4.
15 Umthetho kaMose wawusekela isimo esingokomoya, ukuziphatha, nempilo yamaJuda, futhi ufakaza kuwo ukuthi njengezoni ayedinga uMesiya. (Galathiya 3:19, 23-25; Roma 7:7-14) Ngenxa yokuthi wawuyindinganiso ephelele, akekho umIsrayeli owayengawugcina ngokungenzi phutha futhi kanjalo azuze unembeza ophelele. (Heberu 9:9, 10) Ngakho-ke, nakuba lomthetho wawuvela phezulu, lapho injongo kaNkulunkulu ngawo isiphelile, wawususa. Ngakho-ke, esikhundleni sokusebenzelana nabantu beGama lakhe ngesisekelo somthetho olotshiwe owandisiwe, uNkulunkulu ‘wayengafaka imithetho yakhe ezingqondweni nasezinhliziyweni zabo.’—Jeremiya 31:33; Heberu 10:16; 2 Korinte 3:5-11.
16. Isiphi isifundo esibekelwe lapha (a) abantu abanamathela emthethweni, (b) kanye nathi nombono wethu ngeziyalo?
16 Lapho bekhumbula lokhu, abantu namuhla abaphethe noma abaqondisa izenzo zabanye kumelwe banakekele bangabathwesi izimiso ezingadingekile zabantu. Ukuthambekela kokwenza kanjalo kungase kube namandla kulabo ababambelela emthethweni noma abazicindezela ngomthetho futhi abanomuzwa wokuthi abanye kumelwe babheke izinto ngendlela abazibheka ngayo. Nokho, uPawulu wabhalela amaKristu: “Kungesikho ukuthi siyabusa phezu kokukholwa kwenu, kodwa siyizisebenzi zokuthokoza kwenu kanye nani, ngokuba nimi ekukholweni.” (2 Korinte 1:24) Okuhlobene nalokhu, amaKristu ewonke kumelwe axwaye ukufuna ukuba othile ophethe awenzele iziyalo ezintweni zonke. Kunalokho, kumelwe sikhule olwazini lwalokho okushiwo yiZwi likaNkulunkulu ukuze siqeqeshe onembeza bethu namandla okuqonda.—Heberu 5:14.
17. Kumelwe sixwaye muphi omunye umbono ongaqondile?
17 Nokho, enye ingozi iwukuya kolunye uhlangothi lokweqisa, ukuba nomuzwa wokuthi umKristu ngamunye ukhululekile ukwenza cishe yonke into evunyelwa unembeza wakhe. Abambalwa muva nje baye baphikisa ngalokhu, bethi “ubuKristu abuyona inkolo yeziyalo” futhi bebhekisela emavesini anjengathi: “Ngokuba nina-bazalwane nabizelwa ekukhululekeni. Kuphela ningakwenzi ukukhululeka kube-yithuba enyameni, kepha khonzanani ngothando. Ngokuba umthetho wonke ugcwalisiwe ezwini linye lokuthi: Wothanda umakhelwane wakho njengokuba uzithanda wena.” (Galathiya 5:13, 14) Kuyiqiniso ukuthi amaKristu awekho ngaphansi komthetho kaMose noma yiluphi uhide lwemithetho yaphezulu. Nokho kumelwe siqaphele ‘kungabikho muntu osikhohlisa ngezimpikiswano ezinamandla (“izimpikiswano ezinamandla nezikhangayo nenkulumo ekhohlisayo,” Amplified Bible),’ ngoba ukuhlolisisa okuqotho iBhayibheli kubonisa ukuthi liyasinikeza imithetho ethile noma iziyalo.—Kolose 2:4.
AmaKristu Awawona Angenamthetho
18, 19. AmaKristu ami kuphi maqondana nemithetho kaNkulunkulu neziyalo?
18 UPawulu walobela abaseKorinte ukuthi umuntu onecala lokufeba kumelwe axoshwe. Wanezela ngokuthi abakhonza izithombe, neziphingi, nongqingili, namasela, abantu abahahayo, abantu abayizidakwa, izithuki nabaphangi “abayikulidla ifa lombuso kaNkulunkulu.” (1 Korinte 5:1, 6, 7, 11-13; 6:9-11) Sifunda futhi ukuthi amaKristu kumelwe ‘ayeke izinto ezihlatshelwe izithombe, igazi, okuqumbuleneyo nobufebe,’ nokuthi abacatshangelwa ukuthi bangabazalwane abafaka izimfundiso zamanga kumelwe benqatshwe. (IzEnzo 15:28, 29; Thithu 3:10; 2 Johane 9-11) Ngokusobala, imithetho ihilelekile lapha. Umenzi wezono ezinjalo akanakuba umKristu weqiniso. Futhi uma isikhonzi sikaNkulunkulu ngokungaphenduki siphikelela ekwenzeni lezizono, kumelwe sisuswe ekuhlanganyeleni.
19 Futhi sithola iziyalo zeBhayibheli ezindabeni ezingezona izono ezifuna ukususwa ekuhlanganyeleni. Ngokwesibonelo, uPawulu waloba ukuthi amaKristu angashadile kumelwe ‘agane eNkosini kuphela,’ futhi wayala ukuthi ‘uma noma ngubani engafuni ukusebenza, ningamvumeli ukuba adle.’ (1 Korinte 7:39; 2 Thesalonika 3:10) Othile angase athi, ‘Ngenxa yokuthi anginakuxoshwa ngenxa yokungasilaleli lesiseluleko, lezi kumelwe ukuba akuzona iziyalo ezingathi sína.’ Yeka ukucabanga okuwubuwula! UNkulunkulu ubheka leziyalo njengezingathi sína. Akabatshelanga yini uPawulu abaseThesalonika ukuba ‘baphawule’ futhi ‘bangahlanganyeli’ namavila angasilaleli ngenkani isiyalo esimaqondana nokusebenza?—2 Thesalonika 3:14, 15.b
20, 21. Yini esingayifunda ngeziqondiso zebandla, futhi kumelwe sizizwe kanjani ngazo?
20 Ezinye iziyalo zingenxa yenzuzo yebandla ngokukhethekile. Ngokwesibonelo, esikhathini esidlule amaKristu athile ayengakhuluma ngezilimi. UPawulu wayala ukuba amabili noma amathathu kuphela awo akhulume ngaleyo nkathi, ukuba ashintshane, nokuba kube-khona umhumushi—iziyalo ezaziveza ukuthula nokuhleleka. (1 Korinte 14:26-33) Ngokufanayo, abadala bebandla namuhla bangase bakhiphe iziqondiso maqondana nokugcina iminyango yeHholo LoMbuso ingavaliwe abantu, ukungagcini izihlalo ngokungadingekile, noma ukupaka izimoto ngokucabangela omakhelwane nokulondeka. Ezinjalo iziyalo zebandla azizona ezingekho ngokombhalo ngoba zinenjongo efanayo (ukuthula nokuhleleka okuhle) njengoba iseluleko sikaPawulu sezilimi sasinjalo. Okuhlobene nalokhu iseluleko esingokweBhayibheli: “Lalelani abaniholayo.” (Heberu 13:17) Njengoba ukugwema kwethu izono ezinjengokuqamba amanga noma ukweba kuhilela ukulalela uNkulunkulu, lombhalo kumelwe ubhekisele ekulaleleni kwethu ukuqondisa kwabadala ezindabeni zebandla. Akunzima ukwenza kanjalo uma bengazenzi “amakhosi [ngokushaya imithetho] phezu kwamabandla kaNkulunkulu.”—1 Petru 5:3.
21 Ezinye ‘iziyalo’ noma izindlela zokwenza izinto zizuzisa umhlambi wezwe lonke. Ngokwesibonelo, oFakazi BakaJehova bacelwa ukuba balethe imibiko yokufakaza kwabo. (Qhathanisa nezEnzo 2:41, 42; 8:14.) Umuntu oweqisayo ngokuqondene nenkululeko yomuntu siqu angase angavumelani nalenqubo. Nokho cabanga ngobuhle okubufezayo ngenxa yokuthi labo abalusa umhlambi baye bakwazi ukubona emibikweni izinga ubufakazi bombuso obuye banikezwa ngalo, lapho kudingeka khona usizo, nokuthi abafundi abasha bangenziwa nini ibandl. Futhi asizange yini siyijabulele imibiko yezwe lonke? (Hezekeli 9:11; Marku 6:30; IzEnzo 14:21-23; 15:3; 19:1-6) Ngokuthembela ukuthi uNkulunkulu uqondisa abantu bakhe, singabonisa umoya wokusekela nokubambisana.
22. Kungani kudingeka sitadishe indaba kanembeza ngokuqhubekayo?
22 Ngalé kwemithetho eqondile noma iziyalo, imibhalo iqukethe izimiso eziwusizo lezo amaKristu ahlakaniphile angase azisebenzise ukuze ‘abe qotho endleleni yawo.’ (IHubo 119:1) Izimiso ziwusizo ikakhulukazi ekuqondiseni onembeza bethu bacabange njengoNkulunkulu. Kodwa lokho kusho ukuthini ezindabeni zikanembeza? Abanye baye baba nomuzwa wokuthi, ‘Uma kungokuthile okumelwe kunqunywe unembeza wami, kuyindaba yomuntu siqu ngokuphelele ukuthi ngenzani.’ Ake sihlole lendaba esihlokweni esilandelayo futhi sifunde ngokuqhubekayo indlela esingaqeqesha ngayo onembeza bethu ukuze sizuze kakhulu kubo.
[Imibhalo yaphansi]
a Bheka “Imibuzo Evela Kubafundi” ekhasini 30.
b Bheka INqabayokulinda kaFebruary 15, 1982, amakhasi 23, 24; nekaSeptember 1, 1982, ikhasi 30.
Ungakwazi Yini Ukuchaza?
□ Uyini unembeza wakho, futhi ungakusiza ngaziphi izindlela?
□ Iziphi izimo zokweqisa ezimbili maqondana nokuziphatha okuhle eziye zaba khona?
□ IBhayibheli lisisiza kanjani ukuba sibe nombono oqondile ngokuqondisa ukuziphatha?
□ Sidinga muphi umbono ongokombhalo maqondana nemithetho neziyalo?
[Amazwi acashunwe esihlokweni ekhasini 18]
Abantu abazibekela imithetho enqala badinga ukugwema ukuthambekela kokwenza nokuphoqelela iziyalo eziningi kwabanye
[Amazwi acashunwe esihlokweni ekhasini 19]
Abanye baye baba nomuzwa oyiphutha wokuthi umKristu ukhululekile ukwenza noma yini evunyelwa unembeza wakhe
[Isithombe ekhasini 17]
Ezindabeni zokuziphatha, abantu baye basuka kokunye ukweqisa baya kokunye
UMSEBENZI UMZWELO UNEMBEZA
IMITHETHO IZIYALO IGUNYA