Ingabe Iqiniso Elingokwenkolo Lingafinyeleleka?

UMUNTU othile onelukuluku lokwazi izinto ezingokomoya eyunivesithi yasedolobheni lase-Uppsala, eSweden, wanquma ukufunda izinkolelo zezinkolo ezihlukahlukene edolobheni lakubo, evakashela ngisho nezindawo zazo zokukhulekela. Wayelalela njengoba abefundisi bazo beshumayela, futhi waba nezingxoxo namalungu athile. Waphawula ukuthi oFakazi BakaJehova kuphela ababebonakala beqiniseka ngokuthi ‘babethole iqiniso.’ Wazibuza ukuthi oFakazi babengakusho kanjani lokho, uma kucatshangelwa imibono engokwenkolo ehlukahlukene ekhona.

Ingabe wena siqu ucabanga ukuthi kungenzeka ukufinyelela iqiniso ngokuphathelene nenkolo? Ingabe bekungenzeka yini ngisho nokunquma lokho okungase kubizwe ngokuthi iqiniso eliphelele?

Ifilosofi Neqiniso

Labo abaye bafunda ifilosofi baye baba nombono wokuthi isintu asisoze salifinyelela iqiniso eliphelele. Kungenzeka uyazi ukuthi ifilosofi iye yachazwa ngokuthi “isayensi ezama ukuchaza imvelaphi yokuba khona nokuphila.” Nokho, eqinisweni ayifinyeleli nokufinyelela lapho. Encwadini ethi Filosofins Historia (Umlando Wefilosofi), umlobi waseSweden u-Alf Ahlberg wabhala: “Imibuzo eminingi yefilosofi iklanywe ngendlela eyenza ukuba ingaphenduleki ngokucacile. . . . Abantu abaningi banombono wokuthi zonke izinkinga ezingaphezu kwamandla avamile [ezihlobene nezimiso zokuqala zezinto] . . . zingezaleliqembu.”

Ngenxa yalokho, labo abaye bazama, besebenzisa ifilosofi, ukuthola impendulo yemibuzo ebalulekile yokuphila ngokuvamile baye bagcina benganelisekile noma besosizini. Encwadini yakhe ethi Tankelinjer och trosformer (Ukuvumelana Kwemiqondo Nokholo Lwenkolo), umlobi waseSweden uGunnar Aspelin wathi: “Okuwukuphela kwento esiyibonayo ukuthi imvelo ayisenasithakazelo kumuntu ukwedlula uvemvane nomiyane . . . Asinamandla ngokuphelele, lapho sibhekene namandla asebenza esimisweni sendawo yonke nezwe lethu. Lona umbono ngokuphila ngokuvamile oye wabonakala ezincwadini ngasekupheleni kwekhulu leminyaka abantu abaye baqhubeka bekholelwa kuwo futhi bephupha ngekusasa elingcono.”

Ingabe Ukwembulwa Kweqiniso Kuyadingeka?

Kuyacaca ukuthi imizamo yabantu iyodwa ayizange iphumelele ekutholeni iqiniso ngokuphila, futhi akubonakali ukuthi iyoke iphumelele. Khona-ke, kunesizathu esihle sokuphetha ngokuthi kudingeka uhlobo oluthile lwesambulo saphezulu. Lokho abaningi abakubiza ngokuthi imvelo kunikeza isambulo esithile. Nakuba kunganikezi imininingwane esobala ngemvelaphi yokuphila, kuyabonisa ukuthi kunokuthile okwanelisa kakhulu kunencazelo yokuphila yezinto ezibonwa ngamehlo kuphela. Empeleni umucu wotshani okhula uye phezulu ulandela imithetho ehlukile kunaleyo eqondisa iqoqo lamatshe asemgodini odilikayo. Izinto eziphilayo zemvelo zizakha futhi zizihlele ngokwazo ngendlela izinto ezingaphili ezingenakwenza ngayo. Ngakho isazi esivelele somthetho nenkolo sasinesisekelo sokufinyelela kulesisiphetho: “Izimfanelo [zikaNkulunkulu] ezingabonakali zibonakala ngokucacile kusukela ekudalweni kwezwe kuye phambili, ngoba ziqondakala ngezinto ezenziwe.”—Roma 1:20.

Kodwa ukuze sithole ukuthi ubani oqondisa konke lokhukwakha nokuhlela, sidinga ukwembulelwa okwengeziwe. Akufanele yini silindele ukuba ukwembulelwa okunjalo kube khona? Akunakuba nengqondo yini ukulindela ukuba Lowo ongumenzi wokuphila emhlabeni azembule ezidalweni zakhe?

IBhayibheli lithi liqukethe lokho kwembulelwa. Kulomagazini, izikhathi eziningi siye sanikeza izizathu ezinhle zokwamukela lokho elikushoyo, futhi abantu abaningi abacabangayo baye bakwamukela. Khona kanye ukuthi abantu abaloba iBhayibheli babekushisekela ukulenza licace ukuthi lokho abakubhala kwakungekhona okwabo kuphawuleka kakhulu. Izikhathi ezingaphezu kuka-300, sithola abaprofethi beBhayibheli besebenzisa izinkulumo ezinjengokuthi, “Usho kanje uJehova, uthi.” (Isaya 37:33; Jeremiya 2:1; Nahume 1:12) Cishe uyazi ukuthi amadoda nabesifazane ababhala izincwadi noma izindaba ngokuvamile bakushisekela kanjani ukufuna ukusayina izincwadi zabo. Nokho, labo abaloba iBhayibheli abazange bazigqamise; kwezinye izimo kunzima ukuthola ukuthi obani abaloba izingxenye ezithile zeBhayibheli.

Esinye isici seBhayibheli ongase usithole siphawuleka ukuvumelana kwalo ngaphakathi. Lokhu kuphawuleka ngempela, uma sicabangela ukuthi izincwadi zeBhayibheli ezingu-66 zalotshwa phakathi nenkathi yeminyaka engu-1 600. Ake sithi uke waya emtatsheni wezincwadi womphakathi futhi wakhetha izincwadi zenkolo ezingu-66 ezazilotshwe phakathi nenkathi yamakhulu angu-16 eminyaka. Khona-ke wawusuhlanganisa lezozincwadi zaba umqulu owodwa. Ubungalindela yini ukuba lowomqulu ube nesihloko esifanayo nesigijimi esivumelanayo? Lutho neze. Lokho bekuyodinga isimangaliso. Cabangela lokhu: Izincwadi zeBhayibheli zinaso isihloko esinjalo esifanayo, futhi ziyavumelana. Lokhu kubonisa ukuthi kumelwe ukuba kunongqondongqondo oyedwa, noma umlobi, owaqondisa lokho abalobi beBhayibheli abakubhala.

Nokho, uyothola isici esifakazela ukuthi iBhayibheli linemvelaphi engokwasezulwini ngaphezu kwanoma yini enye. Iziprofetho—ukwaziswa okulotshwe kusengaphambili ngokuphathelene nalokho okuyokwenzeka nakanjani esikhathini esizayo. Izinkulumo ezinjengethi, “Kuyakuthi ngezinsuku ezizayo” nethi, “Kuyakuthi ngalolosuku” zivelele eBhayibhelini. (Isaya 2:2; 11:10, 11; 23:15; Hezekeli 38:18; Hoseya 2:21-23; Zakariya 13:2-4) Emakhulwini amaningi eminyaka ngaphambi kokubonakala kukaJesu Kristu emhlabeni, iziprofetho emiBhalweni YesiHeberu zanikeza imininingwane ngokuphathelene nokuphila kwakhe—kusukela ekuzalweni kwakhe kuya ekufeni kwakhe. Asikho esinye isiphetho esinengqondo esingase sifinyelelwe kunesokuthi iBhayibheli liwumthombo weqiniso ngokuphathelene nokuphila. UJesu ngokwakhe uyakuqinisekisa lokhu ngalamazwi: “Izwi lakho liyiqiniso.”—Johane 17:17.

Inkolo Neqiniso

Ngisho nabaningi abathi banokholo eBhayibhelini bakholelwa ukuthi iqiniso eliphelele alinakufinyelelwa. Umfundisi wase-United States uJohn S. Spong wathi: “Kumelwe . . . siyeke ukucabanga ukuthi sineqiniso nokuthi abanye kumelwe babone izinto ngendlela thina esizibona ngayo siqaphela ukuthi akukho namunye kithi ongafinyelela iqiniso eliphelele.” Umlobi ongumRoma Katolika, uChristopher Derrick, unikeza esinye isizathu semibono enjalo ephambene ngokuphathelene nokuthola iqiniso: “Noma ikuphi ukukhuluma ‘ngeqiniso’ lenkolo kusho uhlobo oluthile lokuthi umuntu uyazi . . . Uqonde ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi othile usephutheni; futhi lokho akusoze kwamukeleka.”

Nokho, njengomuntu ocabangayo uyobe wenza kahle ukucabangela eminye imibuzo efanele. Uma iqiniso lalingafinyeleleki, kungani uJesu Kristu ayengathi: “Niyolazi iqiniso, futhi iqiniso liyonikhulula”? Futhi kungani omunye wabaphostoli bakaJesu ayengathi intando kaNkulunkulu iwukuba “zonke izinhlobo zabantu zisindiswe futhi zifinyelele olwazini olunembile lweqiniso”? Kungani igama elithi “iqiniso” livela izikhathi ezingaphezu kwekhulu emiBhalweni YamaKristu YesiGreki ngokuphathelene nokholo? Yebo, kungani kunjalo, uma iqiniso lingenakufinyelelwa?—Johane 8:32; 1 Thimothewu 2:3, 4.

Empeleni, uJesu akazange nje kuphela abonise ukuthi iqiniso lingafinyelelwa kodwa wabonisa nokuthi ukulithola kuyadingeka uma ukukhulekela kwethu kuyokwamukelwa uNkulunkulu. Lapho owesifazane waseSamariya ezibuza ukuthi kuyini ukukhulekela kweqiniso—ukukhulekela okwakuqhutshwa amaJuda eJerusalema noma lokho okwakuqhutshwa amaSamariya eNtabeni iGerizimu—uJesu akazange aphendule ngokuthi iqiniso alinakufinyelelwa. Kunalokho, wathi: ‘Abakhulekeli beqiniso bayokhulekela uBaba ngomoya nangeqiniso, ngoba ngempela uBaba ufuna abanjalo ukuba bamkhulekele. UNkulunkulu uwuMoya, futhi labo abamkhulekelayo kumelwe bakhulekele ngomoya nangeqiniso.’—Johane 4:23, 24.

Abantu abaningi bathi, ‘IBhayibheli lingachazwa ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene, ngakho cishe umuntu akanakuqiniseka ngalokho iqiniso eliyikho.’ Kodwa ingabe ngempela iBhayibheli lilotshwe ngendlela engaqondakali kanjalo kangangokuthi awunakuqiniseka ukuthi kumelwe liqondwe kanjani? Kuyavunywa, olunye ulimi olungokwesiprofetho nolungokomfanekiso kungase kube nzima ukuluqonda. Ngokwesibonelo, uNkulunkulu watshela umprofethi uDaniyeli ukuthi incwadi yakhe, equkethe ulimi oluningi olungokwesiprofetho, yayingenakuqondwa ngokuphelele kuze “kube-sesikhathini sokugcina.” (Daniyeli 12:9) Futhi kusobala ukuthi eminye imifanekiso nezimpawu kudinga ukuchazwa.

Nokho, kuyacaca ukuthi ngokuphathelene nezimfundiso zobuKristu eziyisisekelo nezimiso zokuziphatha ezibalulekile ekukhulekeleni uNkulunkulu ngeqiniso, iBhayibheli aligwegwesi. Alikuvumeli ukuchazwa okushayisanayo. Encwadini eyayiya kwabase-Efesu, ukholo lobuKristu kukhulunywa ngalo ngokuthi “lunye,” okubonisa ukuthi kwakungamelwe kube nezinhlobo eziningi zokholo. (Efesu 4:4-6) Mhlawumbe ungazibuza, ‘Uma kungafanele ukuba iBhayibheli lichazwe ngezindlela eziningi ezihlukahlukene, kungani kunezinhlangano “zobuKristu” eziningi kangaka?’ Sithola impendulo uma sibheka emuva ngemva nje kokufa kwabaphostoli bakaJesu futhi kuqubuké ukuhlubuka okholweni lobuKristu lweqiniso.

‘Ukolweni Nokhula’

UJesu wakubikezela lokhu kuhlubuka emfanekisweni wakhe kakolweni nokhula. UJesu ngokwakhe wachaza ukuthi “ukolweni” umelela amaKristu eqiniso; “ukhula” lumelela amaKristu amanga, noma ayizihlubuki. UJesu wathi: “Ngesikhathi abantu besalele, isitha” sasiyohlwanyela ukhula ensimini kakolweni. Lokhu kuhlwanyela kwaqala ngemva kokuba abaphostoli sebefile. Lomfanekiso ubonisa ukuthi lokhu kudidaniswa kwamaKristu eqiniso nawamanga kwakuyoqhubeka kuze kube ‘sesiphelweni sesimiso sezinto.’ Ngakho, phakathi namakhulu amaningi eminyaka, ubuKristu beqiniso buye bafiphazwa ngenxa yokuthi insimu engokwenkolo ibibuswa yilabo abangamaKristu-mbumbulu. Nokho, “esiphelweni sesimiso sezinto,” kwakuyoba noshintsho. ‘INdodana yomuntu ibiyothumela izingelosi zayo’ ukuba zihlukanise amaKristu amanga kwaweqiniso. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kwakuyoba lula ukubona ibandla lamaKristu, linesimo elalinaso ngesikhathi sabaphostoli.—Mathewu 13:24-30, 36-43.

Iziprofetho zabo bobabili u-Isaya noMika zibikezela ngokuqoqwa kabusha okunjalo kwabakhulekeli beqiniso “ngezinsuku ezizayo.” U-Isaya uthi: “Kuyakuthi ngezinsuku ezizayo intaba yendlu kaJehova iqiniswe esiqongweni sezintaba, iphakame kunamagquma, nezizwe zonke ziyakugobhozela khona. Abantu abaningi bayakuhamba, bathi: Wozani sikhuphukele entabeni kaJehova endlini kaNkulunkulu kaJakobe; uyakusifundisa izindlela zakhe, sihambe emikhondweni yakhe.” Ukubheka amaqiniso ngobuqotho kubonisa ukuthi isiprofetho sika-Isaya siyagcwaliseka esikhathini sethu.—Isaya 2:2, 3; Mika 4:1-3.

Nokho, ukukhula kwebandla lobuKristu akwenzeki ngenxa yomzamo othile wabantu. UJesu wabikezela ukuthi ‘wayeyothumela izingelosi zakhe’ ukuba zenze umsebenzi wokuqoqa. Wabonisa nenjongo ekhetheke kakhulu yawo: “Ngalesosikhathi abalungileyo bayokhanya ngokukhazimulayo njengelanga embusweni kaYise.” (Mathewu 13:43) Lokhu kubonisa ukuthi umsebenzi wokukhanyisela, noma wokufundisa, wawuyokwenziwa ibandla lamaKristu emhlabeni wonke.

OFakazi BakaJehova babona ukugcwaliseka kwaleziziprofetho emsebenzini wokufundisa abawenza emazweni angu-232 namuhla. Lapho beqhathanisa izinkolelo zoFakazi, izindinganiso zokuziphatha, ukuhleleka neBhayibheli, abantu abangenalubandlululo bangabona ngokucacile ukuthi lokhu kuvumelana nokwebandla lamaKristu lekhulu lokuqala. OFakazi bakhuluma ngokholo lwabo ‘njengoluyiqiniso’ kodwa hhayi ngokugabadela kokuziphakamisa komuntu siqu. Kunalokho, benza kanjalo ngenxa yokuthi baye balitadisha kakhulu iZwi likaNkulunkulu, iBhayibheli, futhi balilandela njengeliwukuphela kwendinganiso inkolo engase ilinganiswe ngayo ngokufanelekile.

AmaKristu okuqala abhekisela okholweni lwawo ‘njengoluyiqiniso.’ (1 Thimothewu 3:15; 2 Petru 2:2; 2 Johane 1) Lokho okwakuyiqiniso kuwo kumelwe kube iqiniso nakithi namuhla. OFakazi BakaJehova bamema bonke abantu ukuba baqiniseke ngalokho ngokutadisha iBhayibheli. Sithemba ukuthi ngokwenza kanjalo nawe uzoba nenjabulo engewona nje kuphela umphumela wokuthola inkolo ezedlula zonke ezinye kodwa ewumphumela wokuthola iqiniso!

[Ibhokisi ekhasini 5]

AMANYE AMAFILOSOFI AMELENE NEQINISO

I-POSITIVISM: Umbono wokuthi yonke imiqondo yesizinda senkolo iwumbhedo ongenakufakazelwa nokuthi injongo yefilosofi iwukuhlanganisa izinhlobo zesayensi esebenzayo zibe into eyodwa.

I-EXISTENTIALISM: Abameleli bayo babethonywe kakhulu izinto ezesabekayo zangeMpi Yezwe II, ngakho baqala ukuba nombono wokulahlekelwa ithemba ngokuphelele ngokuphila. Igcizelela ukuhlola usizi lomuntu lapho ebhekene nokufa nobuze bokuphila. Isazi se-existentialism esingumlobi uJean-Paul Sartre sithi, njengoba uNkulunkulu engekho, umuntu uyekelelwe futhi uphila endaweni ezungezile engamgqizi-qakala nakancane.

I-SKEPTICISM: Inamathela ekutheni akunakwenzeka ngokuhlola nangokucabanga ukufinyelela noma imuphi umgomo, ulwazi lwendawo yonke—noma iliphi iqiniso—eliphathelene nokuphila.

I-PRAGMATISM: Ilinganisa ukubaluleka kwangempela kwezinkolelo zethu ngokusekelwe kuphela ekuhlobaneni kwazo nezithakazelo zomuntu, njengokuhlela kabusha imfundo, ukuziphatha, nezombangazwe. Ayikucabangeli ukuthi iqiniso linokubaluleka okuthile ngokwalo.

[Umthombo Wesithombe ekhasini 2]

Page 3: Second from left: Courtesy of The British Museum; Right: Sung Kyun Kwan University, Seoul, Korea