Imibuzo Evela Kubafundi
Kungani izinombolo zezahluko namavesi encwadini yamaHubo zingafani ezinguqulweni zeBhayibheli ezihlukahlukene?
IBhayibheli lokuqala eliphelele elaba nezahluko namavesi yinguqulo yesiFulentshi eyanyatheliswa nguRobert Estienne ngo-1553. Nokho, kubonakala sengathi incwadi yamaHubo yabe isinezahluko kakade esikhathini eside ngaphambi kwalokho, ngoba yayiyiqoqo lamahubo ahlukene, noma izingoma, ezaqanjwa abantu abaningana.
Ngokusobala, uJehova waqondisa uDavide kuqala ukuba ahlanganise iqoqo lamahubo ayezosetshenziswa ekukhulekeleni kwasobala. (1 IziKronike 15:16-24) Kukholakala ukuthi kamuva u-Ezra, umpristi “nomkopishi onekhono,” nguye owahlanganisa incwadi yamaHubo yaba yilokho eyikho namuhla. (Ezra 7:6) Ngakho-ke incwadi yamaHubo yayingamahubo ahlukene lapho ihlanganiswa.
Enkulumweni ayibeka esinagogeni lase-Antiyokiya (ePhisidiya) ohambweni lwakhe lokuqala njengesithunywa sevangeli, umphostoli uPawulu wacaphuna encwadini yamaHubo, wathi: “Njengoba nje kulotshiwe ehutsheni lesibili, ‘Wena uyindodana yami, mina ngikuzele namuhla.’” (IzEnzo 13:33) EmaBhayibhelini namuhla, lawo mazwi asavela ehutsheni lesibili, evesini 7. Nokho, kunomahluko endleleni amahubo amaningi ahlukaniswe ngayo ngezinombolo ezinguqulweni zeBhayibheli ezihlukahlukene. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ezinye izinguqulo zisekelwe embhalweni wesiHebheru wamaMasorete, kanti ezinye zisekelwe kuyi-Septuagint yesiGreki, okuyinguqulo yombhalo wesiHebheru eyaqedwa ekhulwini lesibili B.C.E. Ngokwesibonelo, i-Vulgate yesiLatini, okwahunyushwa kuyo amaBhayibheli amaningi amaKatolika, isebenzisa inqubo yokuhlukanisa amahubo ngezinombolo etholakala kuyi-Septuagint, kanti INguqulo YeZwe Elisha nezinye izinguqulo ilandela eyombhalo wesiHebheru.
Uyini umahluko oqondile? Umbhalo wesiHebheru unamahubo angu-150 esewonke. Kodwa, i-Septuagint, ihlanganisa iHubo lesi-9 nele-10 abe iHubo elilodwa, neHubo le-114 nele-115 libe ngelilodwa ngokufanayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ihlukanisa iHubo le-116 nele-147 ngalinye libe amaHubo amabili. Nakuba inani lamahubo lilingana, ukuhlukanisa ngezinombolo kusukela kumaHubo 10 kuya kumaHubo 146 kuyi-Septuagint kungaphansi ngenombolo eyodwa kunasembhalweni wesiHebheru. Ngaleyo ndlela, iHubo 23 elijwayeleke kakhulu livela njengeHubo 22 kuyi-Douay Version, elandela inqubo ye-Vulgate yesiLatini yokuhlukanisa ngezinombolo, nayo elandela i-Septuagint.
Okokugcina, izinombolo zamavesi zamanye amahubo nazo zingase zihluke enguqulweni ngayinye. Ngani? Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ezinye izinguqulo zamukela “umkhuba wamaJuda wokubheka amazwi abhalwe ekuqaleni njengevesi lokuqala,” kusho i-Cyclopedia kaMcClintock noStrong, kodwa ezinye azikwenzi lokho. Eqinisweni, uma isihloko noma amazwi okuqala emade, ngokuvamile abalwa njengamavesi amabili, okwenza ukuba inani lamavesi ehubo lande.