INkosi UDavide Nomculo

UMA kukhulunywa ngomculo wangezikhathi zeBhayibheli, lilodwa igama elifika engqondweni—elikaDavide. Leyo ndoda ephawulekayo yaphila eminyakeni engaba ngu-3 000 edlule. Eqinisweni, okuningi esikwazi ngomculo wangaleso sikhathi sikuthola ekulandiseni kweBhayibheli ngezinto ezenziwa uDavide—kusukela esengumfanyana owelusayo kuze kube yilapho eseyinkosi nendoda enamakhono okuhlela.

Kuningi esingakufunda kuDavide ngomculo wangezikhathi zeBhayibheli. Ngokwesibonelo, hlobo luni lwezinsimbi zomculo ezazidlalwa futhi hlobo luni lwezingoma ezazihlatshelelwa? Umculo wawunayiphi indima ekuphileni kukaDavide nasesizweni sakwa-Israyeli sonkana?

Indlela Umculo Owawubhekwa Ngayo Kwa-Israyeli Wasendulo

Ukuphimisa amagama engoma ngokuvamile kukukhumbuza indlela eculwa ngayo. IBhayibheli linamazwi ezingoma eziningi, kodwa okudabukisayo ukuthi asazi ukuthi ziculwa kanjani. Kumelwe ukuba zazimnandi futhi zithinta inhliziyo ngokujulile. Ukubhalwa kwencwadi yamaHubo ngobuciko nangendlela esankondlo kubonisa ukuthi indlela ayeculwa ngayo yayimnandi kakhulu.

Nokho, iBhayibheli alikhulumi kakhulu ngezinsimbi zomculo. (Bheka ibhokisi elithi “Izinsimbi Zomculo Zangezikhathi ZeBhayibheli.”) Asiqiniseki nangokuthi hlobo luni lwehabhu elalisetshenziswa uDavide. Noma kunjalo, ama-Israyeli asungula izinhlobonhlobo zezinsimbi zomculo, njengamahabhu ayigugu angavamile ayakhiwa ngokhuni.—2 IziKronike 9:11; Amose 6:5.

Nokho, iyodwa into esiqiniseka ngayo. AmaHebheru ayewukhonzile umculo, ikakhulukazi lapho ekhulekela uNkulunkulu. Kwakuculwa lapho kubekwa amakhosi, lapho kunemikhosi yenkolo nalapho kunempi. Umculo wawudlalwa nasemagcekeni ezigodlo, unandise emishadweni, lapho imindeni ihlangene nangezikhathi zemikhosi yokuvunwa kwemivini nokusanhlamvu. Okudabukisayo ukuthi umculo wawubuye uhlotshaniswe nezindawo ezinedumela elibi. Umculo wawubuye ududuze abasosizini lapho kushoniwe.

Kunezinye izinto umculo owawuzifeza kwa-Israyeli. Wawaziwa ngokuthi wawuphaphamisa ingqondo, usize abaprofethi ukuba bamukele izinto ababezitshelwa uNkulunkulu. U-Elisha wathola isiqondiso esivela kuNkulunkulu ngesikhathi kukhala izinsimbi zomculo ezinezintambo. (2 AmaKhosi 3:15) Umculo wawusetshenziswa nalapho kumenyezelwa izenzakalo ezikhethekile. Kwakushaywa amacilongo amabili esiliva ukuze kumenyezelwe ukuthwasa kwenyanga nemikhosi. Ngosuku lweJubili, ukushaywa kophondo kwakusho ukukhululwa kwezigqila nokubuyiselwa kwemihlaba nezindlu kubaniniko. Yeka indlela okumelwe ukuba babejabula ngayo abampofu lapho bezwa umculo omemezela inkululeko yabo nokubuyiswa kwezinto zabo!—Levitikusi 25:9; Numeri 10:10.

Kumelwe ukuba kunama-Israyeli ayengamagagu noma imizwilili. Eqinisweni, ngokwesithombe esiqoshiwe sase-Asiriya, iNkosi uSaneheribi yafuna abahlabeleli besilisa nabesifazane eNkosini uHezekiya. Kubonakala sengathi laba bahlabeleli babekhipha unqambothi lomculo. Kodwa bonke uDavide wayebadlisela ogageni.

Umculi Onekhono

UDavide wayenekhono elimangalisayo ngoba wayengumculi abuye abe yimbongi. Nguye owabhala ingxenye enkulu yamahubo. Ngesikhathi esengumfana futhi elusa wayehlala ebuka amagquma namathafa amahle aseBhetlehema. Wayeyithanda imisindo yemifudlana nokukhala kwamazinyane ezimvu lapho ewabiza. Kwakuthi angezwa lowo “mculo” wemvelo omnandi, avele athathe ihabhu lakhe ahaye ingoma adumise uNkulunkulu. Yeka indlela okumelwe ukuba kwakuvusa amadlingozi ngayo ukuzwa uDavide ehaya ingoma eyiHubo 23!

Ngesikhathi eseyinsizwa, wayelishaya kamnandi ihabhu kangangokuba lapho inkosi uSawule izwa ngalokho yamqasha ukuba azoyidlalela. Lapho uSawule egajwe usizi nokukhungatheka, uDavide wayemshayela imicu emnandi eyayivele ihlelembe inhliziyo yakhe. Lolo sizi nokuphazamiseka emoyeni kwakuvele kuphele nya.—1 Samuweli 16:16.

Umculo uDavide ayewuthanda kakhulu futhi umlethela injabulo, ngezinye izikhathi wawumbangela izinkinga. Ngolunye usuku lapho yena noSawule bebuya ekunqobeni amaFilisti, inkosi uSawule yezwa kuhlatshelelwa ingoma yokujabula nokunqoba. Abesifazane babehlabelela bethi: “USawule ubulele izinkulungwane zakhe, uDavide yena amashumi ezinkulungwane zakhe.” Lapho ezwa le ngoma, uSawule wathukuthela wagan’ unwabu, waba nomona kangangokuthi “wayesembheka ngokumdlinzekela njalo uDavide kusukela ngalolo suku kuqhubeke.”—1 Samuweli 18:7-9.

Umculo Wawumfaka Ugqozi

Izingoma uDavide azibhala ephefumulelwe zidla ubhedu ngezindlela eziningi. Wabhala amahubo okuzindla nakhuluma ngemvelo. Amanye ananela umlando, amanye ahalalisa ngesivuno semivini, amanye ababaza ukuvulwa kwesigodlo esihlotshiswe kahle. Kwamanye uDavide ukhumbula izinsuku esezadlula namathemba anawo, kanti kwamanye uyacela futhi uyanxusa. (Bheka amaHubo 32, 23, 145, 8, 30, 38, 72, 51, 86 kanye nemibhalo yawo engenhla.) Ngemva kokufa kukaSawule nendodana yakhe uJonathani, uDavide waqamba ingoma yokulila ethi “uMnsalo,” eqala ngamazwi athi: “O Israyeli, ubuhle bubulewe ezindaweni zakho eziphakemeyo.” Leyo ngoma wayihlabelela ngezwi elinosizi. UDavide wayeyazi kahle indlela yokuveza imizwa ehlukahlukene esebenzisa amazwi nehabhu lakhe.—2 Samuweli 1:17-19.

Njengoba ayengumuntu owayehlala eneme, uDavide wayewuthanda umculo ojabulisayo, oshukumisayo nonesigqi esimnandi. Ngesikhathi eyisa umphongolo wesivumelwano eZiyoni, wagxumagxuma ngawo wonke amandla akhe, edansa ejabulela leso senzakalo. Ukulandisa kweBhayibheli kubonisa ukuthi kumelwe ukuba lowo mculo wawuvusa amadlingozi ngempela. Ungakwazi yini ukubona lesi senzakalo ngamehlo engqondo? Sabangela ukuba uMikhali umkakhe ameye. Kodwa uDavide akakugqizanga qakala lokho. Wayethanda uJehova, futhi lo mculo wamjabulisa kangangokuthi waze wagxumagxuma phambi kukaNkulunkulu wakhe.—2 Samuweli 6:14, 16, 21.

Akugcini lapha. UDavide waziwa kakhulu nangokuthi wasungula izinsimbi zomculo ezintsha. (2 IziKronike 7:6) Eqinisweni nje, kubonakala sengathi uDavide wayengumqambi wezingoma onekhono elingavamile; wayekhanda izinsimbi zomculo, eyimbongi, engumhleli wezingoma nomculi. Kodwa wubala lolu uma kucatshangelwa ezinye izinto ezinkulu azenza.

Ukuhlabelela Nomculo Wasethempelini

Ikhono likaDavide elikhulu lalilele ekuhleleni kwakhe umculo owawuculwa endlini kaJehova. U-Asafa, uHemani noJeduthuni (okubonakala sengathi wayebizwa nangokuthi u-Ethani) babecula phambili ekwayeni yabantu abangu-4 000. Abangu-288 kubo babengongoti futhi baqeqesha baqondisa yonke ikwaya. Bonke abaculi abangu-4 000 babeba khona njalo emikhosini emithathu emikhulu yaminyaka yonke eyayenziwa ethempelini. Cabanga nje ngonqambothi olwaluphuma kuleyo kwaya enkulukazi!—1 IziKronike 23:5; 25:1, 6, 7.

Ethempelini kwakucula abesilisa kuphela. Igama elithi “emaNtombazaneni,” eliwumbhalo ongenhla weHubo 46, lisikisela ukuthi le ngoma yayiculwa ngezwi elinjengelabesifazane noma ngensimbi yomculo enomsindo ophezulu. Amazwi abo ayezwakala eyimbumba, njengoba kusho eyesi-2 IziKronike 5:13: ‘Abahlabeleli babenjengomuntu oyedwa.’ Ezinye izingoma zazixoxa indaba, njengalena ekumaHubo 3 nakwamanye amahubo kaDavide amaningi. Ngezinye izikhathi lezi zingoma zaziba nekhorasi eliphindaphindwa kaningi, njengaleli elikumaHubo 42:5, 11 naku-43:5. Izingoma ezaziculwa njengokungathi abayiculayo bayaphendulana nazo zazithandwa kakhulu. Isibonelo salolu hlobo lwengoma sitholakala kumaHubo 24 okungangabazeki ukuthi abhalelwa ukubuyisa kukaDavide umphongolo wesivumelwano eZiyoni.—2 Samuweli 6:11-17.

Nokho, kwakungewona amaLevi kuphela ayehlabelela. Abantu babehlabelela lapho bekhuphukela eJerusalema ukuyogubha imikhosi yaminyaka yonke. Mhlawumbe ingoma ebizwa ngokuthi “iNgoma Yokwenyuka” yayihlatshelelwa ngale nkathi. (IHubo 120 kuya ku-134) Ngokwesibonelo, uDavide wabhala iHubo 133 ehalalisa ubuhlobo obuhle obabuba phakathi kwama-Israyeli ngalezo zikhathi. Leli hubo uliqala ngala mazwi: “Bheka! Yeka ukuthi kuhle futhi kumnandi kanjani ngabazalwane ukuba bahlale ndawonye ngobunye!” Zama ukucabanga ukuthi leli hubo lalihlatshelelwa kamnandi kanjani!

Umculo Nokukhulekelwa KukaJehova

Ingxenye yeBhayibheli eyodwa kweziyishumi yakhiwa yilezi zingoma futhi amaHubo akhuthaza bonke abantu ukuba badumise. (IHubo 150) Umculo unamandla okwenza umuntu akhohlwe yizinsizi zakhe futhi ukuhlabelela kungaba njengomuthi othoba izinhliziyo ezaphukileyo. Kodwa iBhayibheli likhuthaza nalabo abaneme ukuba bahlabelele.—Jakobe 5:13.

Ukuhlabelela kuyindlela yokubonisa uthando nokholo kuNkulunkulu. Ngobusuku bangaphambi kokubulawa kukaJesu, yena nabaphostoli bakhe bahlabelela ngemva kokudla. (Mathewu 26:30) Kumelwe ukuba iNdodana kaDavide yayinezwi elimtoti! Phela yayazi umculo omnandi kakhulu wezidalwa zikaNkulunkulu zasezulwini. Kungenzeka ukuthi uJesu nabaphostoli bakhe bahlabelela i-Hallel, amaHubo 113 kuya ku-118, futhi kungenzeka ukuthi laba baphostoli babengazi ukuthi yiziphi izinto ezazizokwenzeka. Uma kunjalo, cishe uJesu wahlabelela ngezwi elikhulu: “Ngiyathanda, ngoba uJehova uyalizwa izwi lami, ukuncenga kwami. . . . Izindophi zokufa zangihaqa nezimo ezicindezelayo zeShiyoli zangithola. . . . ‘Awu, Jehova, yenzela umphefumulo wami indlela yokuphunyuka!’”—IHubo 116:1-4.

Umuntu akawusungulanga umculo. IBhayibheli lithi izingelosi ezulwini ziyahlabelela. Lithi lezi zidalwa ezingumoya zishaya amahabhu angokomfanekiso futhi zihlabelela izindumiso zizungeze isihlalo sobukhosi sikaJehova. (IsAmbulo 5:9; 14:3; 15:2, 3) Umculo uyisipho uJehova uNkulunkulu asinika abantu. Wafaka uthando lomculo ezinhliziyweni zabo nesifiso esisuka ngaphakathi sokuveza imizwa yabo ngokudlala izinsimbi zomculo noma ngokuhlabelela. Kubantu abanokholo kuNkulunkulu, umculo uyisipho esivela kuye.—Jakobe 1:17.

[Amazwi acashunwe esihlokweni ekhasini 27]

“Ngosuku lokujabula kwenu nangezinkathi zenu zemikhosi . . . kumelwe nishaye amacilongo.”—NUMERI 10:10

[Amazwi acashunwe esihlokweni ekhasini 28]

“UJehova unguMalusi wami. Ngeke ngintule lutho. Ungilalisa emadlelweni anotshani; ungihola ngasezindaweni zokuphumula ezithola amanzi anele.”—IHUBO 23:1, 2

[Amazwi acashunwe esihlokweni ekhasini 29]

‘Kwakunezinkulungwane ezine zabadumisa uJehova ngezinsimbi uDavide athi ngazo “Ngizenzele ukudumisa.”’—1 IZIKRONIKE 23:4, 5

[Amazwi acashunwe esihlokweni ekhasini 29]

UDavide wayeveza imizwa yakhe ehlukahlukene ngamazwi nangomculo

[Amazwi acashunwe esihlokweni ekhasini 30]

“Dumisani uJah! Mdumiseni ngethamborini nangomdanso wesiyingi. Konke okuphefumulayo—makudumise uJah.”—IHUBO 150:1, 4, 6

[Ibhokisi/Izithombe ekhasini 28]

Izinsimbi Zomculo Zangezikhathi ZeBhayibheli

Izinsimbi zomculo ezinezintambo zazihlanganisa imiqangala, amahabhu, izinsimbi zomculo ezinezintambo eziyishumi. (IHubo 92:3) Zazifakwa enothini le-Alamoti neleSheminiti, amagama okungenzeka asho ukuthi zazenziwa zibe nenothi eliphansi noma eliphezulu. (1 IziKronike 15:20, 21) Phakathi kwezinsimbi zomculo eziyithusi nalezo ezifuthwayo kwakukhona igemfe, umtshingo, uphondo kanye namacilongo ayekhala “kakhulu.” (2 IziKronike 7:6; 1 Samuweli 10:5; IHubo 150:3, 4) Ngesikhathi kunikezelwa ithempeli, abashaya amacilongo nabahlabeleli ‘babenjengomuntu oyedwa ekuzwakaliseni umsindo.’ (2 IziKronike 5:12, 13) Cishe lokhu kusho ukuthi umculo wabo wawuyimbumba, kungekho ukubhimba. Izinsimbi zomculo ezishaywayo zazihlanganisa amathamborini, ubuxhaka obukhencezayo kanye nazo “zonke izinhlobo zezinto zomculo zokhuni lomjunipha.” Kwakukhona namasimbali—amancane “anomnkenenezo omnandi” namakhulu ayebizwa ngokuthi “amasimbali akhencezayo.”—2 Samuweli 6:5; IHubo150:5.

[Izithombe]

Ngenhla: Isithombe esiqoshwe kuyi-“Arch of Titus,” eRoma, e-Italy, esinomfanekiso wamacilongo athathwa ethempelini laseJerusalema ngo-70 C.E. Izinhlamvu zemali cishe zango-130 C.E., ezinomfanekiso wezinsimbi zomculo zamaJuda

[Umthombo]

Coins: © 2007 by David Hendin. All rights reserved.