Isahluko 6
Kungani Siguga Futhi Sifa?
1. Yini izazi zesayensi eziye zahluleka ukuyichaza ngokuphila kwabantu?
IZAZI zesayensi azazi ukuthi kungani abantu beguga futhi befa. Kubonakala sengathi amangqamuzana ethu kufanele aqhubeke evuseleleka futhi kufanele siphile phakade. Incwadi ethi Hyojuñ Soshikigaku (Isayensi Eqashelwayo Yokwakheka Kwezicubu) ithi: “Kuyimfihlakalo enkulu ukuthi ukuguga kwamangqamuzana kuhlobene kanjani nokuguga nokufa komuntu.” Izazi zesayensi eziningi zikholelwa ukuthi kunomkhawulo wokuphila “ongokwemvelo, nozuzwe njengefa.” Ingabe ucabanga ukuthi ziqinisile?
2. Yini abanye abaye bayenza ngenxa yokuthi ukuphila kusheshe kuphele?
2 Selokhu kwathi nhló abantu bebelangazelela ukuphila isikhathi eside futhi baye bazama nokufinyelela ukungafi. Kusukela ekhulwini lesine B.C.E., imithi okwakuthiwa iklanyelwe ukwenza ukungafi kube nokwenzeka yakhanga izikhulu zaseChina. Abanye ababusi bakamuva baseChina bazama lokho okwakubizwa ngokuthi amakhambi okungafi—ayenziwa ngesigidi (mercury)—kodwa bafa! Embulungeni yonke, abantu bakholelwa ukuthi ukufa akukhona ukuphela kokuphila kwabo. AmaBuddha, amaHindu, amaSulumane, nabanye banamathemba aqhakazile okuphila ngemva kokufa. KweLobukholwa, abaningi banombono wenjabulo yasezulwini yangemva kokuphila.
3. (a) Kungani abantu belangazelela ukuphila okungunaphakade? (b) Yimiphi imibuzo ngokufa okudingeka iphendulwe?
3 Imiqondo yenjabulo ngemva kokufa ibonisa ukulangazelela ukuphila okungunaphakade. “Ubekile nokuphakade ezinhliziyweni zabo,” kusho iBhayibheli ngokuqondene nomqondo wobuphakade uNkulunkulu awufaka kithi. (UmShumayeli 3:11) Wadala abantu bokuqala benethemba lokuthi babengaphila emhlabeni kuze kube phakade. (Genesise 2:16, 17) Kungani-ke abantu befa? Ukufa kweza kanjani emhlabeni? Ulwazi ngoNkulunkulu luyayiphendula lemibuzo.—IHubo 119:105.
ICEBO ELINOKUKHOHLAKALA
4. UJesu wasiveza kanjani isigebengu esabangela ukufa kwabantu?
4 Isigebengu siye sizame ukudukisa umkhondo. Lokhu kuye kwaba njalo nangalowo owenza ubugebengu obuye babangela ukufa kwezinkulungwane zezigidi. Uye wahlela izinto ukuze agcine ukufa kwabantu kuyimfumbe. UJesu Kristu wasichaza lesi sigebengu lapho etshela labo ababefuna ukumbulala: “Nina nivela kuyihlo uDeveli, futhi nifisa ukwenza izifiso zikayihlo. Lowo wayengumbulali wabantu lapho eqala, futhi akazange eme eqinile eqinisweni, ngoba iqiniso alikho kuye.”—Johane 8:31, 40, 44.
5. (a) Iyini imvelaphi yalowo owaba uSathane uDeveli? (b) Igama elithi “Sathane” nelithi “Develi” asho ukuthini?
5 Yebo, uDeveli ‘ungumbulali wabantu’ ononya. IBhayibheli lembula ukuthi ungumuntu wangempela, hhayi nje ububi obusenhliziyweni yomuntu. (Mathewu 4:1-11) Nakuba adalwa eyingelosi elungileyo, “akazange eme eqinile eqinisweni.” Yeka ukuthi kufaneleka kanjani ukuthi ubizwa ngokuthi uSathane uDeveli! (IsAmbulo 12:9) Ubizwa ngokuthi “uSathane,” noma “umphikisi,” ngoba uye wamelana futhi waphikisa uJehova. Lesi sigebengu sibizwa nangokuthi “uDeveli,” okusho “umnyundeli,” ngoba sakhuluma kabi ngoNkulunkulu samhlambalaza.
6. Kungani uSathane ahlubuka kuNkulunkulu?
6 Yini eyashukumisela uSathane ukuba ahlubuke kuNkulunkulu? Ubugovu. Ngobugovu wahahela ukukhulekela uJehova ayekuthola kubantu. UDeveli akazange alwe nesifiso sokuthola ukukhulekelwa okunjalo, ngokufanelekile okwakungokoMdali kuphela. (Qhathanisa noHezekeli 28:12-19.) Kunalokho, lengelosi eyaba uSathane yasifukamela lesi sifiso sobugovu saze sakhula futhi sazala isono.—Jakobe 1:14, 15.
7. (a) Yini ebangela ukufa kwabantu? (b) Siyini isono?
7 Sesiyasazi isigebengu esisenzo saso sobugebengu siye saholela ekufeni kwabantu. Kodwa iyini imbangela eqondile yokufa komuntu? IBhayibheli lithi: “Udosi oluveza ukufa yisono.” (1 Korinte 15:56) Siyini isono? Ukuze siqonde leligama, ake sicabangele incazelo elalinayo ezilimini zokuqala zeBhayibheli. Izenzo zesiHeberu nesiGreki ezivame ukuhunyushwa ngokuthi “ukona” zisho “ukugeja” ngomqondo wokugeja uphawu noma ukuhluleka ukufinyelela umgomo. Yiluphi uphawu sonke esilugejayo? Uphawu lokulalela uNkulunkulu ngokuphelele. Nokho, sangena kanjani isono emhlabeni?
INDLELA ICEBO ELAPHUMELELISWA NGAYO
8. USathane wazama kanjani ukuthola ukukhulekela kwabantu?
8 Ngokucophelela uSathane waceba icebo ayecabanga ukuthi laliyoholela ekubeni abuse bonke abantu futhi bamkhulekele. Wanquma ukuheha abantu ababili bokuqala, u-Adamu no-Eva, ukuba bone kuNkulunkulu. UJehova wayenikeze abazali bethu bokuqala ulwazi olwaluyoholela ekuphileni okumi phakade. Babazi ukuthi uMdali wabo muhle ngoba wayebabeke ensimini enhle yase-Edene. U-Adamu wezwa ubuhle bukaYise wasezulwini ikakhulukazi lapho uNkulunkulu emnikeza umfazi omuhle nowusizo. (Genesise 1:26, 29; 2:7-9, 18-23) Ukuqhubeka kokuphila kwabantu ababili bokuqala kwakuxhomeke ekulaleleni uNkulunkulu.
9. Yimuphi umyalo uNkulunkulu awunika umuntu wokuqala, futhi kungani wawunokucabangela?
9 UNkulunkulu wayala u-Adamu: “Ungadla kuyo yonke imithi yensimu ngokuthanda kwakho, kepha ungadli kuwo umuthi wokwazi okuhle nokubi, ngokuba mhla udla kuwo uyakufa nokufa.” (Genesise 2:16, 17) NjengoMdali, uJehova uNkulunkulu wayenelungelo lokumisela izidalwa zakhe izindinganiso zokuziphatha nelokuzinqumela okulungile nokungalungile. Umyalo wakhe wawunokucabangela ngoba u-Adamu no-Eva babekhululekile ukudla izithelo ezazikuyo yonke eminye imithi ensimini. Babengabonisa ukukwazisa kwabo ukubusa okufanele kukaJehova ngokulalela lomthetho esikhundleni sokuba ngokuqhosha bazibekele izindinganiso zabo siqu zokuziphatha.
10. (a) USathane wakhuluma kanjani nalaba bantu ukuze abayengele ohlangothini lwakhe? (b) USathane wathi uJehova wayenaziphi izisusa? (c) Ucabangani wena ngokuhlasela kukaSathane uNkulunkulu?
10 UDeveli waceba ukususa abantu bokuqala kuNkulunkulu. Ukuze abayengele ekubeni bamsekele, uSathane waqamba amanga. Esebenzisa inyoka, ngendlela umdlalisi wodoli enza ngayo kube sengathi bayakhuluma, uDeveli wabuza u-Eva: “Ngempela uNkulunkulu ushilo yini ukuthi: Ningadli emithini yasensimini, na?” Lapho u-Eva ebhekisela emyalweni kaNkulunkulu, uSathane wathi: “Aniyikufa nokufa.” Wabe esethi uJehova wayenezisusa ezimbi ngokuthi: “UNkulunkulu uyazi ukuthi mhla nizidla, kuyakuvuleka amehlo enu, nibe-njengoNkulunkulu, nikwazi okuhle nokubi.” (Genesise 3:1-5) Kanjalo uDeveli wasikisela ukuthi uNkulunkulu wayebagodlele okuthile okuhle. Yeka ukuhlaselwa ngokunyundelwa kukaBaba osezulwini oneqiniso, nonothando, uJehova!
11. U-Adamu no-Eva baba kanjani abalekeleli bakaSathane?
11 U-Eva wabuye wawubuka lomuthi, manje izithelo zawo zabonakala zinxaneleka kakhulu. Ngakho wathatha isithelo wasidla. Kamuva, umyeni wakhe ngamabomu wahlanganyela naye kulesi senzo sokona sokungamlaleli uNkulunkulu. (Genesise 3:6) Nakuba kungu-Eva owakhohliswa, bobabili yena no-Adamu basekela iqhinga likaSathane lokubusa uhlanga lwesintu. Eqinisweni, baba abalekeleli bakhe.—Roma 6:16; 1 Thimothewu 2:14.
12. Waba yini umphumela wokuhlubuka kwabantu kuNkulunkulu?
12 U-Adamu no-Eva kwadingeka babhekane nemiphumela yezenzo zabo. Abazange bafane noNkulunkulu, babe nolwazi olukhethekile. Kunalokho, bazizwa benamahloni futhi bacasha. UJehova wenza u-Adamu walandisa, wayesekhipha lesi sigwebo: “Ngesithukuthuku sobuso bakho uyakudla isinkwa sakho, uze ubuyele emhlabathini, lokhu wathathwa kuwo; ngokuba ungumhlabathi, uyakuphenduka umhlabathi.” (Genesise 3:19) ‘Ngosuku’ abazali bethu bokuqala abadla ngalo umuthi wokwazi okuhle nokubi, bagwetshwa uNkulunkulu futhi ngokombono wakhe bafa. Babe sebexoshwa ePharadesi futhi baqala ukwehlela ekufeni okungokoqobo.
INDLELA ISONO NOKUFA OKWASAKAZEKA NGAYO
13. Isono sasakazekela kanjani kulo lonke uhlanga lwesintu?
13 USathane kwakubonakala ephumelele kulel’ iqhinga lakhe lokuba abantu bamhloniphe. Nokho, akakwazanga ukugcina abakhulekeli bakhe bephila. Lapho isono sesiqalile ukuba nethonya kubantu ababili bokuqala, ababange besakwazi ukudlulisela ukuphelela enzalweni yabo. Njengombhalo oqoshwe etsheni, isono saqopheka ngokujulile ezakhini zofuzo zabazali bethu bokuqala. Ngakho, babengazala abantwana abangaphelele kuphela. Njengoba u-Eva akhulelwa bonke abantwana babo ngemva kokuba yena no-Adamu bonile, inzalo yabo yazuza njengefa isono nokufa.—IHubo 51:5; Roma 5:12.
14. (a) Singabafanisa nobani labo abaphika ukuthi banesono? (b) Ama-Israyeli enziwa kanjani aqaphela ukuba kwawo nesono?
14 Nokho, namuhla abaningi abacabangi ukuthi bayizoni. Kwezinye izingxenye zomhlaba, umqondo wesono esizuzwe njengefa cishe awaziwa. Kodwa lokho akufakazeli ukuthi isono asikho. Umfana ongcolile ebusweni angase athi uhlanzekile, futhi angase akholwe ngemva kokuba esezibuke esibukweni. Ama-Israyeli asendulo ayenjengalowo mfana lapho ethola uMthetho kaNkulunkulu ngomprofethi waKhe uMose. UMthetho wakucacisa ukuthi sikhona isono. “Ngempela ngabe angisazanga isono ukuba kwakungengenxa yoMthetho,” kuchaza umphostoli uPawulu. (Roma 7:7-12) Njengomfana ozibuka esibukweni, ngokusebenzisa uMthetho lapho ezibuka, ama-Israyeli akwazi ukubona ukuthi ayengahlanzekile emehlweni kaJehova.
15. Yini eyembulwa ukubuka isibuko esiyiZwi likaNkulunkulu?
15 Uma sibuka isibuko esiyiZwi likaNkulunkulu futhi siphawula izindinganiso zalo, singabona ukuthi asiphelele. (Jakobe 1:23-25) Ngokwesibonelo, cabangela lokho uJesu Kristu akutshela abafundi bakhe ngokuthanda uNkulunkulu nomakhelwane, njengoba kulotshwe kuMathewu 22:37-40. Yeka ukuthi kuvame kanjani ukuba abantu bageje uphawu kulezi zici! Unembeza wabaningi awuthí shu lapho behluleka ukubonisa uthando ngoNkulunkulu noma komakhelwane babo.—Luka 10:29-37.
QAPHELA AMASU KASATHANE!
16. Yini esingayenza ukuze sigweme ukuba izisulu zamaqhinga kaSathane, futhi kungani lokhu kunzima?
16 USathane ufuna ukusenza sikwenze umkhuba ngamabomu ukona. (1 Johane 3:8) Ingabe ikhona indlela yokugwema ukuba izisulu zamaqhinga akhe? Yebo, kodwa lokhu kudinga ukuba silwe nokuthambekela ekoneni ngamabomu. Lokhu akulula ngoba ukuthambekela esonweni esizalwa nakho kunamandla kakhulu. (Efesu 2:3) UPawulu kwadingeka azabalaze ngempela. Ngani? Ngoba isono sasihlala kuye. Uma sifuna ukuvunyelwa uNkulunkulu, nathi kumelwe silwe nokuthambekela esonweni okukithi.—Roma 7:14-24; 2 Korinte 5:10.
17. Yini eyenza ukulwa nokuthambekela kwethu esonweni kube nzima nakakhulu?
17 Njengoba uSathane ngaso sonke isikhathi efuna amathuba okusiyengela ekuphuleni imithetho kaNkulunkulu, ukulwa kwethu nesono akulula. (1 Petru 5:8) Ebonisa ukukhathalela amaKristu ayekanye nawo, uPawulu wathi: “Ngiyesaba ukuthi ngandlela-thile, njengoba inyoka yayenga u-Eva ngobuqili bayo, izingqondo zenu zingase zonakaliswe zisuke ebuqothweni nasebumsulweni obufanele uKristu.” (2 Korinte 11:3) USathane usebenzisa amasu afanayo nanamuhla. Uzama ukutshala imbewu yokungabaza ubuhle bukaJehova nezinzuzo zokulalela imiyalo kaNkulunkulu. UDeveli uzama ukusizakala ngokuthambekela kwethu esonweni esakuzuza njengefa futhi asenze siphishekele inkambo yokuqhosha, ubugovu, inzondo, nobandlululo.
18. USathane ulisebenzisa kanjani izwe ukuze akhuthaze isono?
18 Enye yezindlela uDeveli azisebenzisayo ukuze amelane nathi yizwe, elisemandleni akhe. (1 Johane 5:19) Uma singaqaphele, abantu abonakele nabangathembekile abasezweni elisizungezile bayosicindezela ukuba silandele inkambo yesono ephula izindinganiso zikaNkulunkulu zokuziphatha. (1 Petru 4:3-5) Abaningi bayishaya indiva imithetho kaNkulunkulu baze bakuzibe ukuhlushwa unembeza, ekugcineni bawenze ube buthuntu. (Roma 2:14, 15; 1 Thimothewu 4:1, 2) Abanye kancane kancane bamukela inkambo ngisho nonembeza wabo ongaphelele owawungabavumeli ukuba bayithathe ngaphambili.—Roma 1:24-32; Efesu 4:17-19.
19. Kungani kungenele ukumane nje uphile ukuphila okuhlanzekile?
19 Uma uphila ukuphila okuhlanzekile usuke ufeze lukhulu kulelizwe. Nokho, ukuze sijabulise uMdali wethu kudingeka okungaphezu kwalokho. Futhi kumelwe sibe nokholo kuNkulunkulu sizizwe sinesibopho kuye. (Heberu 11:6) “Uma umuntu azi ukuthi angakwenza kanjani okuhle kodwa nokho engakwenzi, kuyisono kuye,” kubhala umfundi uJakobe. (Jakobe 4:17) Yebo, ukumshaya indiva ngamabomu uNkulunkulu nemiyalo yakhe kona ngokwakho kuwuhlobo oluthile lwesono.
20. USathane angazama kanjani ukukuvimbela ekwenzeni okulungile, kodwa yini eyokusiza ukuba umelane nokucindezela okunjalo?
20 Cishe uSathane uyobangela ukuba kuphikiswe ukufuna kwakho ulwazi ngoNkulunkulu ngokutadisha kwakho iBhayibheli. Kwethenjwa ngobuqotho ukuthi ngeke ukuvumele ukucindezela okunjalo kukuvimbele ekwenzeni okulungile. (Johane 16:2) Nakuba ababusi abaningi babeka ukholo kuJesu phakathi nenkonzo yakhe, abazange bamvume ngoba babesaba ukuxwaywa emphakathini wakubo. (Johane 12:42, 43) Ngonya uSathane uzama ukwesabisa noma ubani ofuna ulwazi ngoNkulunkulu. Nokho, kufanele uzikhumbule njalo futhi uzazise izinto ezinhle kakhulu uJehova azenzile. Ungase ukwazi ngisho nokusiza abaphikisi babe nokwazisa okufanayo.
21. Singalinqoba kanjani izwe nokuthambekela kwethu siqu esonweni?
21 Uma nje sisalokhu singaphelele, sisazokona. (1 Johane 1:8) Nokho, sinosizo lokulwa lempi. Yebo, kungenzeka ukuba sinqobe kulempi yethu yokulwa nomubi, uSathane uDeveli. (Roma 5:21) Ekupheleni kwenkonzo kaJesu yasemhlabeni, wakhuthaza abalandeli bakhe ngalamazwi: “Ezweni ninosizi, kodwa yimani isibindi! Mina ngilinqobile izwe.” (Johane 16:33) Kungenzeka ukuba ngisho nabantu abangaphelele balinqobe izwe, ngosizo lukaNkulunkulu. USathane ngeke ababambe labo abamelana naye futhi ‘abazithoba kuNkulunkulu.’ (Jakobe 4:7; 1 Johane 5:18) Njengoba sizobona, uNkulunkulu ulungiselele indlela yokuphuma ebugqilini besono nokufa.
HLOLA ULWAZI LWAKHO
Ungubani uSathane uDeveli?
Kungani abantu beguga futhi befa?
Siyini isono?
USathane ubenza kanjani abantu ukuba bone ngamabomu kuNkulunkulu?
[Isithombe esigcwele ikhasi ekhasin 54]