Ivelaphi le nkolelo-ze?

“Izazi zefilosofi zakudala ezingamaKristu zamukela imfundiso yamaGreki yokuthi umphefumulo awufi futhi zacabanga ukuthi umphefumulo udalwa uNkulunkulu bese ewufaka kowesifazane lapho nje ebamba isisu.”—I-New Encyclopædia Britannica (1988), uMqulu 11, ikhasi 25.

Lithini iBhayibheli?

“Umphefumulo owonayo uyakufa.”—Hezekeli 18:4, IBhayibheli lesiZulu elivamile.

Lapho likhuluma ngokudalwa komuntu wokuqala, iBhayibheli lithi: “UJehova uNkulunkulu wambumba umuntu ngomhlabathi, waphefumulela emakhaleni akhe umoya wokuphila; umuntu waba kanjalo umphefumulo ophilayo [ngesiHebheru, neʹphesh].”—Genesise 2:7, IBhayibheli lesiZulu elivamile.

Igama lesiHebheru elithi neʹphesh, elihunyushwa ngokuthi “umphefumulo,” lisho ‘isidalwa esiphefumulayo.’ Lapho uNkulunkulu edala umuntu wokuqala u-Adamu, akazange amfake umphefumulo ongafi, kodwa wamnika amandla okuphila alondolozwa ukuphefumula. Ngakho-ke, ngokweBhayibheli “umphefumulo” usho umuntu uqobo. Lapho umphefumulo noma umuntu efa, lawo mandla okuphila uNkulunkulu amnika wona ngesikhathi emdala, ayanqamuka.—Genesise 3:19; Hezekeli 18:20.

Imfundiso yokungafi komphefumulo yaphakamisa imibuzo: Iya kuphi imiphefumulo ngemva kokufa? Kwenzekani emiphefumulweni yabantu abangalungile? Ngesikhathi amaKristu okuzisholo amukela le nkolelo-ze yokungafi komphefumulo, lokhu kwawabangela ukuba amukele enye inkolelo-ze—imfundiso yesihogo somlilo.

Qhathanisa la mavesi eBhayibheli: UmShumayeli 3:19; Mathewu 10:28; IzEnzo 3:23

Ivelaphi le nkolelo-ze?

“Kuzo zonke izazi zakudala zefilosofi yesiGreki, uPlato waba nethonya elikhulu emibonweni evamile ngeSihogo.”—I-Histoire des enfers (Umlando Wesihogo), kaGeorges Minois, ikhasi 50.

“Kusukela maphakathi nekhulu lesibili AD, amaKristu ayethole ukuqeqeshwa okuthile ngefilosofi yamaGreki aqala ukubona isidingo sokuchaza ukholo lwawo ngayo . . . Ifilosofi ayithola ivumelana kangcono nawo kwakungekaPlato.”—I-New Encyclopædia Britannica (1988), uMqulu 25, ikhasi 890.

“Imfundiso yeSonto iqinisekisa ukuthi isihogo sikhona nokuthi siyohlale sikhona. Lapho abantu befa, ngokushesha imiphefumulo yalabo abenze izono ezifanelwa ukufa iya esihogweni lapho ihlushwa khona ‘emlilweni waphakade.’ Isijeziso esiyinhloko sesihogo siwukuthi umuntu uhlukaniswa phakade noNkulunkulu.”—I-Catechism of the Catholic Church, uhlelo luka-1994, ikhasi 270.

Lithini iBhayibheli?

“Ngoba abaphilayo bayazi ukuthi bayokufa; kodwa abafileyo bona abazi lutho,  . . . ngoba akukho msebenzi namacebo nalwazi nakuhlakanipha eShiyoli, indawo oya kuyo.”—UmShumayeli 9:5, 10.

Igama lesiHebheru elithi Shiyoli, elisho “indawo yabafileyo,” kwezinye izinguqulo zeBhayibheli lihunyushwe ngokuthi “isihogo.” Lo mBhalo wembulani ngesimo sabafileyo? Ingabe bayahlupheka eShiyoli ukuze bahlawule izono zabo? Cha, ngoba “abazi lutho.” Yingakho inzalamizi uJobe, lapho isezinhlungwini ngenxa yokugula okunzima, yancenga uNkulunkulu: “Sengathi ungangifihla endaweni yabafileyo [ngesiHebheru Sheol].” (Jobe 14: 13; IBhayibheli lesiZulu elivamile) Sasiyoba nengqondo yini isicelo sayo uma iShiyoli laliyindawo yokuhlushwa phakade? NgokweBhayibheli, isihogo simane sisho ithuna lesintu sonke, lapho kuphela khona yonke imisebenzi.

Ingabe le ncazelo yesihogo ayizwakali inengqondo futhi ivumelana nemiBhalo? Ibuphi nje ububi umuntu angabenza obungabangela ukuba uNkulunkulu wothando amhluphe phakade? (1 Johane 4:8) Uma isihogo somlilo siyinkolelo-ze, kuthiwani-ke ngezulu?

Qhathanisa la mavesi eBhayibheli: IHubo 146:3, 4; IzEnzo 2:25-27; Roma 6:7, 23

Ivelaphi le nkolelo-ze?

Ngemva kokufa kwabaphostoli bakaJesu, ngasekuqaleni kwekhulu lesibili C.E., oFata beSonto bakudala baqala ukuvelela nokuba negunya. Lapho ichaza izimfundiso zabo, i-New Catholic Encyclopedia (2003), uMqulu 6, ikhasi 687, ithi: “Imfundiso evamile yayiwukuthi isibusiso sezulu sinikwa umphefumulo ohlukene nenyama ngemva kokuba usudlule esihlanzweni.”

Lithini iBhayibheli?

“Bayajabula abanomoya omnene, ngoba bayokudla ifa lomhlaba.”—Mathewu 5:5.

Nakuba uJesu athembisa abafundi bakhe ukuthi ‘wayeyobalungisela indawo’ ezulwini, wabonisa ukuthi akubona bonke abalungile abaya khona. (Johane 3:13; 14:2, 3) Akazange yini athandazele ukuba intando kaNkulunkulu yenziwe “nasemhlabeni, njengasezulwini”? (Mathewu 6:9, 10) Eqinisweni, ngayinye yalezi zindawo izohlala abantu abalungile; idlanzana liyobusa noKristu ezulwini, iningi lihlale emhlabeni phakade.—IsAmbulo 5:10.

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, isonto lokuqala lashintsha umbono walo ngendima yalo emhlabeni. Kwaba namuphi umphumela? I-New Encyclopædia Britannica ithi:“Isonto laqhubeka lisusa kancane kancane ithemba lokulindelwa koMbuso kaNkulunkulu.” Laqala ukuqinisa amandla alo ngokuzihlanganisa nezombusazwe, liwashaya indiva amazwi kaJesu acacile athi abalandeli bakhe kwakumelwe ‘bangabi yingxenye yezwe.’ (Johane 15:19; 17:14-16; 18:36) Lithonywe uMbusi WaseRoma uConstantine, isonto lashintsha ezinye zezinkolelo zalo, enye yazo ehilela lokho uNkulunkulu ayikho.

Qhathanisa la mavesi eBhayibheli: IHubo 37:10, 11, 29; Johane 17:3; 2 Thimothewu 2:11, 12

Ivelaphi le nkolelo-ze?

“Le nkolelo kaZiqu-zintathu kungenzeka yaqala ngasekupheleni kwekhulu lesine leminyaka. Uma ubheka, lokhu kuyiqiniso . . . Ngaphambi kokuphela kwekhulu lesine leminyaka, imfundiso ‘kaNkulunkulu omthathu emunye’ yayingandile kangako, futhi ngokuqinisekile yayingakangeni ezimfundisweni zobuKristu.”—I-New Catholic Encyclopedia (1967), uMqulu 14, ikhasi 299.

“UMkhandlu WaseNicaea waba nomhlangano ngo-May 20, 325 [C.E.]. UConstantine ngokwakhe wengamela, eqondisa izingxoxo ngenkuthalo, futhi wasisikisela ngokwakhe . . . isimiso esisemqoka esichaza ubuhlobo bukaKristu noNkulunkulu esivumweni sokholo esakhishwa yilo mkhandlu, ‘sokuthi unesimo esifana nesikaYise.’ . . . Besaba lo mbusi, ababhishobhi, ngaphandle kwababili kuphela, basisayina leso sivumo sokholo, kodwa abaningi babo babengasithandisisi neze.”—I-Encyclopædia Britannica (1970), uMqulu 6, ikhasi 386.

Lithini iBhayibheli?

“Egcwele uMoya oNgcwele [uStefanu] wagqolozela ezulwini‚ wabona inkazimulo kaNkulunkulu; noJesu emi ngakwesokunene sikaNkulunkulu wathi: Bheka‚ ngibona izulu livuliwe‚ neNdodana yomuntu imi ngakwesokunene sikaNkulunkulu.”—IzEnzo 7:55, 56, IBhayibheli lesiZulu elivamile.

Yini eyémbulwa yilo mbono? Egcwele amandla kaNkulunkulu asebenzayo, uStefanu wabona uJesu “emi ngakwesokunene sikaNkulunkulu.” Khona-ke, kusobala ukuthi uJesu akazange aphinde abe nguNkulunkulu ngemva kokuvuselwa ezulwini, kodwa kunalokho waba yisidalwa somoya esingahlangene noNkulunkulu. Akukhulunywa nhlobo ngomuntu wesithathu oseduze kukaNkulunkulu kule ndaba. Naphezu kwemizamo yokufuna ukuthola izindinyana zemiBhalo ezisekela imfundiso kaZiqu-zintathu, umpristi wamaDominic, uMarie-Émile Boismard, wabhala encwadini yakhe ekhuluma ngokuqala kobuKristu nokusunguleka kwezimfundiso zabo ezingaphikiswa: “Amazwi athi uNkulunkulu mthathu emunye . . . awatholakali ndawo eTestamenteni Elisha.”

Le mfundiso eyagqugquzelwa uConstantine yayihloselwe ukuqeda ukungaboni ngaso linye okwakuphakathi kweSonto ngekhulu lesine leminyaka. Nokho, eqinisweni yaphakamisa enye indaba: Ingabe uMariya, owesifazane owazala uJesu, ‘wayenguNina kaNkulunkulu’?

Qhathanisa la mavesi eBhayibheli: Mathewu 26:39; Johane 14:28; 1 Korinte 15:27, 28; Kolose 1:15, 16