Tasmania—Cishi Icinono, Lelo Ilyashi lya Ciko Lyaliibela

Tasmania—Cishi Icinono, Lelo Ilyashi lya Ciko Lyaliibela

KU ULEMBA LOLENI! MU AUSTRALIA

“APANTU cino e calo ca kubalilapo ukusanga muli Bemba wabela ku kapinda ka ku Kulyo, kabili icishaishibikwa ku calo nangu cimo ku Bulaya, twacinika ishina lya Anthoony van Diemenslandt, ku kwibukishishako Kanabesa Kateka Mukalamba.” Aya yali mashiwi ya mwina Holland Abel Tasman ayo asosele pa November 25, 1642, ubushiku bumo pa numa ya kusanga icishi ca Tasmania, icitungu ca bubili ku bukokole mu Australia.a Tasman tamwene abantu abali bonse, lelo alimwene icushi ca mulilo akatalamukila ne nkomo ishakomwa mu miti ipalamineko ishatalukana bamita 1.5. Alembele ukuti, abakomene isho nkomo, bafwile baliikwatile fye inshila yabo iya kunininamo imiti nelyo pambi bafwile baali mapaka! Na kuba, ishi nkomo shakomenwe ku kwaafwa ukunine miti.

Pa numa ya ico, Van Diemen’s Land yalilubile pali bamapu ba balepansa ifyalo fya muli bemba pa myaka 130, ukufikila umwina France Marion du Fresne no mwina England Tobias Furneaux bafikileko. Captain James Cook afikile mu 1777 kabili, ukupala Du Fresne, ailekumanya abantu baibela aba pali ici cishi, baAborijini. Nangu cibe fyo, ukutandala kwakwe kwali e kutendeka kwa kayofi: “Ku fyalo fimo [Cook] aletele ukutumpuluka ne mipepele,” e fisosa John West mu citabo icitila The History of Tasmania, “[lelo] kuli uyu mushobo [uwa baAborijini] aaletele imfwa.” Cinshi calengele ukuti kwise kubeko ifya kufumamo fya bulanda ifya musango yo?

Tasmania Asanguka “Icifungo ca kwa Kateka”

Ukutamfisha kumbi, nelyo muli bunkole, cali e kukanda kwa bena Britain, e ico Tasmania abele cimo ica fyalo uko Britain aletamfisha abantu. Ukufuma mu 1803 ukufika mu 1852, abaume, abanakashi, ukusanshako fye na bana mupepi na 67,500—nga bana kwali fye na ba myaka 7—balitamfiwe ukufuma mu England ukuya ku Tasmania pa milandu iyasanshishemo ukwiba icitabo ca masali ukufika ku kwikata kama. Nangu cibe fyo, abaali ne milandu abengi balebomba ku baileikala kulya nelyo mu ncito sha buteko. “Abaile ku cifulo ca kukandilako tabafikile na ku maperesenti 10,” e fisosa The Australian Encyclopaedia, “kabili ubwingi bwa baileko tabakokweleko nakalya.” Port Arthur, ku cisumbu ca ku Tasmania, aali e cifulo cikalamba, lelo abaali ne milandu yakulisha baile ku Macquarie Harbour, calisungwa ukuba “ica kwibukishishako ukucululusha.” Icabu cali fye akamucololo caishilelumbuka no kwishibikwa nge mpongolo sha kwingilila mu Helo.

Mu citabo ca mutwe wa kuti This Is Australia, Dokota Rudolph Brasch alilondolola ulubali na lumbi ulwacindama ulwa ici cifulo cali tacilatumpuluka—bumupashi bwa ciko, nelyo tutile ukubulwa bumupashi. Alembo kuti: “Ukutula fye ku kutendeka, imipepele mu Australia [na mu Tasmania mwine] tayabikilweko mano kabili yali iyasuulwa kabili, ilingi line, yalebomfiwa nga kaliilo ku Tubungwe. Ubu bwikashi bwaimikweko ukwabula amapepo kabili amapepo ya kubalilapo mu Australia cimoneka kwati baishileibukisha pa numa.” Ilintu aba nyendo sha fya mapepo aba ku North Amerika balikuulile amacalici, “abekashi ba kubangilila aba mu [Australia] balyocele icalici lyabo ilya kubalilapo pa kusengauka incito ya kulaya mu kusangwako,” e fisosa icitabo The History of Tasmania.

Iyi mibele yabotelela kale kale yalilengelwe ukubipilako ku kufulisha kwa bwalwa. Ku bekala mushi na bashilika kumo, ubwalwa “bwali ni nshila ya kunonkelamo icuma,” e fisosa kalemba wa lyashi lya kale John West.

Nangu cibe fyo, inshita shimo shimo ifya kulya fyaleafya ukusanga. Pali iyi nshita bashimilandu bafumine mu cifungo na baileikala kulya balelunga inama ukubomfya imfuti ilintu Abakaya bena balekunkunika fye nama na mafumo. E mulandu wine kanshi kwaimine ubulwani. Nomba lundeniko ukuituntumba kwa basungu, ukufulisha kwa bwalwa, no kupusaninina fye kwa ntambi. Abena Bulaya balepoopa impoopo mu mipaka yabo no kukuula impango; Abakaya balelunga no kululumba mu mpanga. Icalekabilwa fye cali wa kusonkomono luntu.

Umukowa Waloba

Uluntu lwabalamwike mu May 1804. Ibumba lyaletungulula Lieutenant Moore ukwabula no wa kulibala, lyaombele mfuti pe bumba lishaikulila ilya Bakaya abaume, abanakashi, na bana—ukwipaya no kucena abengi. “Inkondo ya Bafiishi”—amafumo na bumpoosa mabwe ukulolenkana ne fipoolopoolo—yalitendeke.

Abena Bulaya abengi balitulumushiwe nga nshi pa kwipayaululwa kwa Bakaya. Kateka, Sir George Arthur, aalibipilwe nga nshi ica kuti atile aali uwaitemenwa ukucita icili conse ku ‘kufuta icishinka mukofu pa bubi ubo ubuteko bwacitile Abakaya mu kukanaishiba.’ Muli fyo, atendeke umulimo wa “kubalonganika” no “kubasambilisha.” Muli lulu waleitwa ati “Umupaka wa Bacifiita,” abashilika, abaile ku kwikala kulya, na bashimilandu mupepi na 2,000 basalanganine mu mpanga ku kwesha ukwikata Abakaya no kubasungila mu fifulo fyacingililwa. Lelo uyu mulimo walisebeenye abasungu icabipisha; baikete fye umwanakashi umo na kakalume. Lyene, George A. Robinson uwalumbwike, uwa mwi calici lya Methodist lya kwa Wesley aleteleko inshila ya kunashanasha iyaliko bwino, iyi yena yalibombele. Abakaya balimucetekele no kusumina ku fyo abebele ukuti bakayeikala pa cishi ca Flinders, ku kapinda ka ku kuso aka Tasmania.

Mu citabo cintu alembele ica A History of Australia, ukukuma ku cintu Robinson acitile, Marjorie Barnard asosa ukuti: “Mu cishinka, nangu ca kuti umwine wine pambi taishibe ulwa ici, ukuwikisha kwakwe kwalimo bushikamfutu. Abekala mushi aba kaele balibalonganike ukubabika fye beka pa cishi ca Flinders mu Kamucololo ka Bass ukulasungwa na Robinson. Balitembwike no kufwa.” Uyu musango wa bumi untu bapatikishiwe ukulaikala no kulya ifya kulya ifyo bashabeleshe fyapwishishishe cintu imfuti yashileko. Icitabo cimo citila “Umukaya inkonko uwa kulekelesha mu Tasmania aali ni Fanny Cochrane Smith, uwafwile mu Hobart mu 1905.” Incenshi shilapusanapusana pa lwa ici. Bamo batila aali ni Truganini, umwanakashi uwafwile mu Hobart mu 1876, bambi batila mwanakashi uwafwilile pa cishi ca Kangaroo mu 1888. Intuntuko sha Bakaya abena Tasmania bashili Abakaya inkonko e ko baba pali lelo kabili abatuntulu sana. Ukulunda ku kusansa abantunse ukwatwalilila, ici ca kucitika ca kulofya Abakaya inkonko calitwa bwino bwino ukuti “akayofi kakulisha aka Buteko.” Ukulundapo, cileebekesha fye icishinka ca mu Baibolo ica kuti “abantu bacito lukambo ku bantu ku kubabifya.”—Lukala Milandu 8:9.

Icishi ca Tasmania Cimoneka Icapusanapusana

Ilelo, te kuti mumfwe ubutanshi bwa ici cishi cayemba kano mwabala mwatandalila amayanda ya babenye, balaibrare, nelyo ifitantaala fya fifungo. Tasmania yaba fye intamfu imo ine ukulola ku kapinda ka ku kulyo aka equator filya Rome, Sapporo, na Boston fyaba ku kapinda ka ku kuso. Kabili ukupala ilyashi lya iko ilya kale, impanga ya ku Tasmania yalipusanapusana, nangu cingati takwabako icifulo pali ici cishi icalepa bakilomita ukucila 115 ukufuma kuli bemba.

Pa ncende yonse iya mu Tasmania, amaperesenti 44 mitengo na maperesenti 21 yaba ni ncende umwasungilwa inama. Ici tacaseeka sana! Ukulingana ne citabo ca kuti The Little Tassie Fact Book, “Impanga yabako ubukumu bwa calo ku masamba ya Tasmania ni imo iya mpanga sha kupelako ukukanaonaulwa mu ncende sha matololo isha mu calo.” Babemba baisulamo amenshi ya mfula ukusanshako na ya mfula yabuuta, imimana, ne fipooma—umwaisula ifilyo—filatapilila imitengo imo imo pamo nga iyo bapangilako bapensulo, eucalyptus, myrtle, Acacia melanoxylon, sassafra, Eucryphia lucida, Phyllocladus trichomanoides, na Dacrydium Franklinii. E mulandu wine kanshi iyi ncende iya miti mu mawanga yasansuka aya cibwandashi cabela pa kati na masamba ukusanshako ne nsunsu isho ilingi line shikupwa ne mfula yabuuta ibwesesha abatandashi libili libili.

Lelo pali akantu pa kuti iyi “Mpanga yabako ubukumu” icingililwe. Kabili abantu bafwaisha ukucingilila ifilengwa na Lesa bacili balashomboka na bashimikoti, abapanga amapepala, no twampani twa malaiti. Impanga yacetwa ukushala ilemoneka kwati mweshi iya Queenstown, itauni lyabela uko beemba ulubwe, yaba ca kucinkulako ca kukalifya ica fifuma mu kukanasunga bwino ifilengwa na Lesa.

Inama sha muli iyi mpanga shaliculila kumo—ukucilisha inama yapala umumbulu, inama ya mutundu wa marsupial iyabutuluka, iyapala imbwa. Imindoloshi yafiitulukila pa numa na ku molu yalengele ukuti baipeele ishina lya tiger. Ku ca bulanda, iyi nama yatemwa utwa mulopa iyaondoloka, iya nsoni yalefwaisha sana ifyuni fiteekwa ne mpaanga. Ilyo kwabeleko lulu wa kupeelelwapo indalama pa kwipaya iyi nama, yasukile yaloba muli ba 1936.

Umusango umbi uwa nama ya mutundu wa marsupial uwa ku Tasmania, Tasmanian devil taulati ulobe. Ukubomfya insekete sha iko ishakwatisha amaka na meno, iyi nama iilya ifya kutoola iyafina bakilogramu 13 ukufika ku 18 kuti yalya kangaroo onse ukumina umubili, akapanga na fyonse fye.

Tasmania na kabili yalishibikwa bwino pa mulandu wa fyuni fya iko ifya nsuka ishipi ifyapala utumimbi, nelyo muttonbird. Kalakuuka ukufuma kuli Bemba wa Tasmania kabili ilyo kashinguluka bemba wa Pacific, kalabweluluka cila mwaka ku bwendo bumo bwine ubwa mu mucanga—umulimo uyo mu cine cine upeela umucinshi kuli Kalenga wa aka koni kabili Kabumba wa kako.

Lwa mupepi na ku fisansaala fibomfiwa fye ubushiku kulekala akoni na kambi—“akapupuka fye” mu menshi—akoni kafulisha amasako akatemwikwa, akafina kilogramu umo, akakwata umulomo uwipi aketwa penguin. Uyu musango wacepesha pali ba penguin bonse e wacilishapo ukuba ne cipongwe! Imimbile yakwe ilapusanapusana, inshita shimo shimo iciunda cakwe no kupungaila kwakwe kulacilamo. Lintu ba penguin babili bali mu cintemwa, kuti pambi baimbila capamo ku kulangilila ukuti balikatana. Ku ca bulanda, nangu ni fyo, abengi balepaiwa mu masumbu ya balondo, ku mafuta yapongolokela mu menshi, kuli bapulastiki abaliiwa pa kutontonkanya ukuti fya kulya, nelyo fye ku mbwa na banyau ba mu mpanga.

Ulubali lwa pa Cishi Ulwacilapo Kuba Ulwa Mutende

Nga ca kuti mwalolesha ku kapinda ka ku kuso nelyo ku kabanga ukufuma pa lutwe lwa cibwandashi cabela lwa pa kati kuti mwamona ulubali lwa mu Tasmania ulwacilapo kuwama, ulwakwata amabala ayalimwa, ayamoneka ayafiitulukila, imimana yanyongana no tumilonga, imisebo yatantamamo imiti, ne cani iciteku umo impaanga ne ŋombe shisalanganina. Mupepi ne tauni lyabela ku kapinda ka ku kuso ilya Lilydale, mu January, amabala ya maluba ilyo yapuka yalalundako ukuyemba kuli iyi mpanga ya mu mishi yabalabata ukusanshako ne cena canunkila ica buluba.

Mu mbali shonse shibili isha mumana wa Derwent, mupepi fye na mabala ya maapele ayo yalengele ukuti Tasmania etwe Icishi ca Maapele, kwaba umusumba wa bwangalishi uwa Hobart, uwakwata abantu mupepi na 182,000. Incende ikalamba yalipokwa ku lupili lushaikulila ulwa Mount Wellington ulwalepa bamita 1,270. Mu kasuba kalengama, ulu lupili lwa kuti inshita ikalamba pa muulu lufimbwa ne mfula yabuuta lulenga ukuti umuntu amone umusumba bwino bwino. Umusumba wa Hobart mu cine cine walyaluka no kuwaminako ukutula mu 1803, lintu Mushika John Bowen ne bumba lyakwe ilya bantu 49, ukusanshako bashimilandu 35, bashikile ingalaba yabo pa muku wa kubalilapo pa Mukonko wa Risdon. Ca cine, ingalaba ne mbao shilesunkana fyalipwa, lelo umuku umo mu mwaka nakatango walumbuka uwa ngalaba shinono uwa kufuma ku Sydney ukufika ku Hobart alacinkulako ulwa shilya inshiku sha mu kubangilila ilyo ingalaba shabalabata shili muli nakatango ukupita mu mabumba ya bantu balelumba, mu kati na nkati ka musumba wa Hobart.

Ukufuma ku Calo ca Kupakaswa Ukuya Kuli Paradise wa ku Mupashi

Geoffrey Butterworth, umo uwa makombe 2,447 abalesangwa kwi Bungano lya Citungu ilya “Akatiina ka Bukapepa” ilya Nte sha kwa Yehova ilya 1994 mu Launceston, atila: “Ndeibukisha lintu Inte shali fye mupepi na 40 mu Tasmania onse.” Pali nomba kwaba ifilonganino mupepi na 26 na Mayanda ya Bufumu 23.

Geoff alundako kuti: “Lelo te lyonse ifintu fyaleenda bwino. Ku ca kumwenako ku numa mu 1938, ine, Tom Kitto, na Rod McVilly, ninshi bonse natufwala ifipampa, twalesabankanya ilyashi lya Baibolo ilya cintubwingi ilya mutwe wa kuti ‘Ishibeni Ifishinka.’ Kwali kusansalika kwaluma ukwa kupepa kwa bufi ukwali no kusabankanishiwa ukufuma ku London pa mulabasa. Lintu nailundile ku banandi, nasangile balelulunkanishiwa kwi bumba lya misepela. Ku ca kupapusha bakapokola baletambako fye! Nalibutukileko ku kubaafwa lelo na ine nalisanswa ilyo line. Lelo umwaume alinkobele kwi shati no kunkululula ukumfumyapo. Mu cifulo ca kunguma, uyu mwaume apundile ati: ‘Shi balekeni!’ Lyene, mwi shiwi ilyatekanya anjebele ati: ‘Nalishiba ifyo cumfwika nga ca kuti ulepakaswa, ala umwene cibusa wandi, ndi mwina Ireland.’”

Yehova alipaalile balya bapainiya ba mu kubangilila, apantu ilelo imbila nsuma iya Bufumu bwa kwa Lesa yalifika ku mbali shonse isha ici cishi ca bantu 452,000. Intuntuko sha bashimilandu abengi aba ku kale na Bakaya benekela ukusengela mwi sonde lyasangululwa bonse—abafiita na babuuta—abaafwile mu lufyengo fye muli shilya nshiku sha mu kubangilila pa mulandu wa culukusu, pantu Baibolo yalayo “kwima ku bafwa kwa balungama na bashalungama.” (Imilimo 24:15) Imibele ili no kuwamishiwa bwino ica kuti “ifya ntanshi tafyakebukishiwe [fye no kwibukishiwa].”—Esaya 65:17.

[Futunoti]

a Ishina Tasmania lyalipokelelwe mu bulashi pa November 26, 1855. Icitungu cakokwesha ni New South Wales.

[Amamapu ne Fikope pe bula 19]

(Nga mulefwaya ukumona amamapu ne fikope, moneni muli magazini)

Pa muulu: Ulupili lwa Cradle na Bemba wa Dove

Ku kulyo pa muulu: Inama ya “Tasmanian devil”

Ku kulyo pe samba: Imitengo pa kati ka kapinda ka ku kulyo na masamba ya Tasmania

Australia

TASMANIA

[Abatusuminishe]