5 “Sheol,” “Hades” Udi Ofụri Ubonowo
Hebrew, שאול (she’ohlʹ); Greek, ᾅδης (haiʹdes); Latin, in·ferʹnus; Syriac, shiul
Itie Ata ye Itiokiet Emi Sheol Odude ke Ikọ Idakisọn̄
“Sheol” odu utịm ike 66 ke ikọ idakisọn̄ ke N̄wed Abasi Usem Hebrew—Edikabade eke Obufa Ererimbot, oro edi, ke Ge 37:35; 42:38; 44:29, 31; Nu 16:30, 33; De 32:22; 1Sa 2:6; 2Sa 22:6; 1Nd 2:6, 9; Job 7:9; 11:8; 14:13; 17:13, 16; 21:13; 24:19; 26:6; Ps 6:5; 9:17; 16:10; 18:5; 30:3; 31:17; 49:14, 14, 15; 55:15; 86:13; 88:3; 89:48; 116:3; 139:8; 141:7; N̄ke 1:12; 5:5; 7:27; 9:18; 15:11, 24; 23:14; 27:20; 30:16; Ec 9:10; Ikwọ 8:6; Isa 5:14; [7:11]; 14:9, 11, 15; 28:15, 18; 38:10, 18; 57:9; Eze 31:15, 16, 17; 32:21, 27; Ho 13:14, 14; Am 9:2; Jon 2:2; Hab 2:5.
Mme itie emi “Sheol” odude ke ikọ idakisọn̄ ke N̄wed Abasi Usem Hebrew esịne itie 65 emi enye odude ke uwetn̄kpọ Masorete usem Hebrew, ọkọrọ ye itie kiet emi enye odude ke Isa 7:11, emi ẹwetde she’aʹlah, oro edi, “yom,” edi enyene ekpri ukpụhọde ke idiọn̄ọ emi owụtde nte ẹnịmde uyo ẹkot, ndien nte ekemde ye nsio nsio n̄kani edikabade, ẹwet enye nte she’oʹlah, oro edi, “n̄kan̄ Sheol,” m̀mê, “aka Sheol.” Edikabade eke Obufa Ererimbot akabade ikọ Hebrew oro she’ohlʹ nte “Udi” ke kpukpru itie emi enye odude. Septuagint usem Greek awak ndikabade she’ohlʹ nte haiʹdes.
Okposụkedi emi ẹnọde nsio nsio ekikere ẹban̄a ebiet emi ẹdade ikọ Hebrew oro she’ohlʹ ẹto, etie nte ẹda enye ẹto ikọedinam Hebrew oro שׁאל (sha·’alʹ), emi ọwọrọde “ndiyom” m̀mê “ndiben̄e.” Emi owụt ke Sheol edi ebiet (idịghe idaha) oro eben̄ede m̀mê oyomde kpukpru owo, sia enye ọbọde kpukpru mme akpan̄kpa ke otu ubonowo. Enye odu ke esịt isọn̄, ndien kpukpru ini enye enyene n̄kpọ ndinam ye mme akpan̄kpa, ndien enye ọwọrọ udi ofụri ubonowo, m̀mê ikpehe ke isọn̄ (idịghe ke inyan̄) emi mme akpan̄kpa ẹdude. Ke edide isio, ikọ Hebrew oro qeʹver ọwọrọ udi kiet m̀mê itie ubụkowo.—Ge 23:4, 6, 9, 20.
Itie Duop Emi Hades Odude ke Ikọ Idakisọn̄
“Hades,” eyedi ọwọrọ “ebiet emi enyịn mîkwe,” ndien enye odu utịm ikoduop ke ikọ idakisọn̄ ke N̄wed Abasi Christian Usem Greek—Edikabade eke Obufa Ererimbot, oro edi, ke Mt 11:23; 16:18; Lu 10:15; 16:23; Ut 2:27, 31; Edi 1:18; 6:8; 20:13, 14.
Peter ndikot nto Ps 16:10 ke Ut 2:27 owụt ke Hades edi ukem ye Sheol ẹnyụn̄ ẹda enye ẹtịn̄ ẹban̄a udi ofụri ubonowo (emi edide isio ye ikọ Greek oro taʹphos, emi edide udi kiet). Ikọ Latin emi edide ukem ye Hades edi in·ferʹnus (ndusụk ini inʹfe·rus). Enye ọwọrọ “se idude ke idak; ikpehe idakisọn̄,” onyụn̄ ada aban̄a udi ofụri ubonowo. Enye ke ntem edi ikọ oro etịmde ekpere ikọ Greek ye ikọ Hebrew oro.
Ke N̄wed Abasi eke odudu spirit, ikọ oro “Sheol” ye “Hades” ẹnyene n̄kpọ ndinam ye n̄kpa ye mme akpan̄kpa, inyeneke n̄kpọ ndinam ye uwem ye mme odu-uwem. (Edi 20:13) Mme ikọ emi ke idemmọ inọhọ ekikere ndomokiet iban̄a inemesịt m̀mê ubiak.