Ndi Akpana Enyịn̄ Jehovah Odu ke Obufa Testament?

NDI ọfọn enyịn̄ Abasi odu ke Bible? Abasi ama okụt ke ọfọn. Enyịn̄ Abasi emi ẹsidade abisi Hebrew inan̄ ẹwet odu n̄kpọ nte utịm ike-7,000 ke akpasarade N̄wed Abasi Usem Hebrew oro ẹsiwakde ndikot Akani Testament.a

Nditọ ukpepn̄kpọ Bible ẹnyịme ke enyịn̄ Abasi odu ke Akani Testament. Edi, ediwak owo ẹkere ke enyịn̄ emi ikodụhe ke akpasarade N̄wed Abasi Usem Greek oro ẹsikotde Obufa Testament.

Nso ke mme andikewet Obufa Testament ẹkenam ke ini mmọ ẹkekotde ẹto mme itie N̄wed Abasi oro enyịn̄ Abasi odude ke Akani Testament? Ediwak mme akabade Bible ẹkewet “Ọbọn̄” ke mme utọ ebiet oro. Mbon oro ẹkekabarede New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures ikanamke orụk n̄kpọ emi. Enyịn̄ Jehovah odu ke Bible emi utịm ike-237 ke N̄wed Abasi Christian Usem Greek m̀mê se ẹdiọn̄ọde nte Obufa Testament.

Mme mfịna ewe ke mme akabade Bible ẹsisobo ke ini ẹyomde ndibiere m̀mê akpana isịn enyịn̄ Abasi ke Obufa Testament m̀mê ikpesịnke? Ndi eti ntak odu ndisịn enyịn̄ Abasi ke Obufa Testament? N̄ko, enyịn̄ Abasi ndidu ke Bible enyene nso ufọn ọnọ fi?

Mfịna Oro Mme Akabade Bible Ẹsisobode

Mme ikpan̄wed Obufa Testament oro ẹdude mfịn idịghe akpasarade ikpan̄wed oro Matthew, John, Paul, ye mbon eken ẹkewetde. Mbon oro ẹma ẹtaha. Ntre, ẹma ẹsion̄o se ẹkewetde ke akpasarade ikpan̄wed oro ẹwet ke efen, ndien ke ini mbon oro ẹketahade, ẹma ẹfiak ẹsion̄o mmọ ẹwet ke en̄wen. Ẹkewet ekese ke otu ediwak Obufa Testament oro ẹdude mfịn ke nsụhọde n̄kaha ke isua ikie iba ẹma ẹkebe tọn̄ọ ẹkewet mme akpasarade N̄wed Abasi Usem Greek. Etie nte ini oro ke ẹkekpụhọ enyịn̄ Abasi ẹwet Kuʹri·os m̀mê Kyʹri·os, kpa ikọ Greek oro ẹkabarede “Ọbọn̄.” Ndusụk ekeme ndidi mbon oro ẹkefiakde ẹsion̄o N̄wed Abasi Usem Greek ẹwet ẹkeda ikpan̄wed oro ẹma ẹkekpokpụhọ enyịn̄ emi ẹnam utom.b

Ntre, ana akabade n̄wed odụn̄ọde ese m̀mê enyịn̄ Abasi ama odu ke akpasarade N̄wed Abasi Usem Greek. Ndi uyarade ndomokiet odu? Kere ban̄a se iyomde ndineme emi:

◼ Jesus ama esikot enyịn̄ Abasi ke ini enye ekesikotde Akani Testament. (Deuteronomy 6:13, 16; 8:3; Psalm 110:1; Isaiah 61:1, 2; Matthew 4:4, 7, 10; 22:44; Luke 4:16-21) Ke eyo Jesus ye mme mbet esie, enyịn̄ Abasi ama odu ke N̄wed Abasi Usem Hebrew oro ẹsiwakde ndikot Akani Testament, ndien enyịn̄ oro osụk ododu mfịn n̄ko. Nte ededi, ke eset, nditọ ukpepn̄kpọ Bible ẹkekere ke enyịn̄ Abasi ikodụhe ke akpasarade N̄wed Abasi Usem Hebrew oro ẹkekabarede ẹsịn ke usem Greek, ke ikonyụn̄ idụhe ke akpasarade Obufa Testament. Ekem ke ufọt ufọt ọyọhọ isua ikie 20, nditọ ukpepn̄kpọ Bible ẹma ẹdikụt n̄kani mbai N̄wed Abasi oro ẹkedude ke eyo Jesus, kpa N̄wed Abasi Usem Hebrew oro ẹkekabarede ẹsịn ke usem Greek. Ọkpọkpọ enyịn̄ Abasi oro ẹkewetde ke abisi Hebrew odu ke mbai N̄wed Abasi emi.

◼ Jesus ama esikot enyịn̄ Abasi onyụn̄ anam mme owo ẹfiọk enyịn̄ emi. (John 17:6, 11, 12, 26) Jesus eketịn̄ in̄wan̄-in̄wan̄ ete: “Ami ndi ke enyịn̄ Ete mi.” Enye n̄ko ama etịn̄ ke imọ ikada ‘enyịn̄ Ete imọ inam’ mme utom oro ikanamde. Ke nditịm ntịn̄, enyịn̄ Jesus ọwọrọ “Jehovah edi Andinyan̄a.”—John 5:43; 10:25.

◼ Ẹwet enyịn̄ Abasi ibio ibio ke N̄wed Abasi Usem Greek. Ke Ediyarade 19:1, 3, 4, 6, enyịn̄ Abasi esịne ke ikọ emi “Hallelujah.” Ikọ emi ọwọrọ “Mbufo ẹtoro Jah!” Jah edi ibio ibio usụn̄ ndiwet Jehovah.

◼ N̄wed oro mme Jew ẹkewetde ke eset ẹwụt ke mme Jew oro ẹkedide Christian ẹma ẹsiwet enyịn̄ Abasi. The Tosefta, kpa n̄wed ibet emi ẹkewetde ẹma ke isua 300 E.N. etịn̄ aban̄a mme n̄wed Christian oro ẹkefọpde ke usen Sabbath, ete: “Ẹma ẹfọp mme Gospel ye mme n̄wed minim [ẹkeda mbon minim nte mme Jew emi ẹdide mme Christian]. Ẹma ẹsifọp mme n̄wed emi, . . . ye mme ebiet oro ẹkesiwetde Enyịn̄ Abasi.” N̄wed emi ọdọhọ n̄ko ke Rabbi Yosé, kpa eyen Galilee, emi okodude uwem ke ntọn̄ọ ntọn̄ọ ọyọhọ isua ikie iba E.N. ọkọdọhọ ke “ẹma ẹsisịbe mme itie oro ẹkewetde Enyịn̄ Abasi [ke mme n̄wed Christian] ẹtịm ẹbon, ẹnyụn̄ ẹfọp mbon eken.” Ntem, akwa uyarade odu nte ke mme Jew oro ẹkedude uwem ke ọyọhọ isua ikie iba E.N. ẹma ẹnịm ke mme Christian ẹma ẹsiwet enyịn̄ Jehovah ke mme n̄wed mmọ.

Nso ke Mme Akabade N̄wed Ẹnam Ẹban̄a Emi?

Ndi mme andikakabade New World Translation kpọt ẹkeyak enyịn̄ Abasi esịne ke itie esie ke ini ẹkekabarede N̄wed Abasi Usem Greek? Baba-o. Ke ekerede aban̄a se itịn̄de ke enyọn̄ emi, ediwak mme akabade Bible ẹkere ke akpana ẹyak enyịn̄ Abasi esịne ke itie esie ke ini ẹkabarede Obufa Testament.

Ke uwụtn̄kpọ, enyịn̄ Abasi odu ediwak itie ke Obufa Testament ke ekese Bible oro ẹkabarede ke mme usem Africa, America, Asia, ye mme isuo Pacific. (Se chart oro odude ke page 21.) Ẹkabade ndusụk Bible emi ke ndondo emi, utọ nte Bible Rotuman (1999), enyịn̄ oro Jihova odu utịm ike-51 ke mme ufan̄ikọ 48 ke Obufa Testament, ye Bible Batak-Toba (1989) ke Indonesia, enyịn̄ oro Jahowa odu utịm ike-110 ke Obufa Testament. Enyịn̄ Abasi odu n̄ko ke Bible Ikọ Efịk, French, German, ye Spanish. Ke uwụtn̄kpọ, ke ntọn̄ọ ntọn̄ọ ọyọhọ isua ikie 20, Pablo Besson ama akabade Obufa Testament ke usem Spanish onyụn̄ ewet Jehová ke Jude 14. Enye n̄ko ama esịn n̄kpọ nte ikọ idakisọn̄ 100 ke mme ebiet oro enye ekerede ke anaedi enyịn̄ Abasi ama odu.

Bible oro ẹsiakde ke idak emi ẹdi ndusụk Bible Ikọmbakara ye Ikọ Efịk emi enyịn̄ Abasi odude ke Obufa Testament:

Edisana Ŋwed Abasi Ibom, by THE BIBLE SOCIETY OF NIGERIA (1952)

A Literal Translation of the New Testament . . . From the Text of the Vatican Manuscript, by Herman Heinfetter (1863)

The Emphatic Diaglott, by Benjamin Wilson (1864)

The Epistles of Paul in Modern English, by George Barker Stevens (1898)

St. Paul’s Epistle to the Romans, by W. G. Rutherford (1900)

The Christian’s Bible—New Testament, by George N. LeFevre (1928)

The New Testament Letters, by J.W.C. Wand, Bishop of London (1946)

Ebemiso ikọ New Living Translation, nsiondi eke 2004, emi ata ediwak owo ẹfiọkde, ọdọhọ ke ibuotikọ oro, “The Rendering of Divine Names” ete: “Nnyịn isụk ikabade enyịn̄ Abasi oro ẹwetde ke abisi Hebrew inan̄ (YHWH) nte ‘ỌBỌN̄,’ ida ikpọ abisi iwet enye ukem nte ediwak Bible Ikọmbakara eken. Emi anam enye okpụhọde ye ʹadonai, emi nnyịn ikabarede nte ‘Ọbọn̄.’” Ekem enye etịn̄ aban̄a Obufa Testament ete: “Ikabade ikọ Greek oro kurios nte ‘Ọbọn̄,’ edi ke ebiet oro iwetde ‘ỌBỌN̄’ ke ikpọ abisi, ọwọrọ ke Obufa Testament okot nnennen nnennen oto Akani Testament.” (Sịghisịghi ubọkn̄wed edi eke nnyịn.) Mbon oro ẹkekabarede Bible emi ẹnyịme ke akpana ẹsịn (YHWH) ke mme ebiet oro Obufa Testament okotde oto Akani Testament.

The Anchor Bible Dictionary ọdọhọ ke ibuotikọ oro, “Tetragrammaton in the New Testament,” ete: “Uyarade odu nte ke Enyịn̄ Abasi, Yahweh, ama odu ke ndusụk m̀mê ke kpukpru ebiet oro akpasarade Obufa Testament okokotde oto Akani Testament.” George Howard emi edide eyen ukpepn̄kpọ Bible ọdọhọ ete: “Sia enyịn̄ Abasi odude ke Akani Testament emi ẹkekabarede ẹsịn ke usem Greek, kpa N̄wed Abasi oro ẹkesikamade ke mme ufọkabasi oro ẹkedude ke akpa isua ikie, owụt ifiọk ndinịm ke mbon oro ẹkewetde Obufa Testament ẹma ẹsiyak enyịn̄ Abasi odu ke itie esie ke ini ẹkotde ẹto Akani Testament.”

Akpan Ntak Iba

Ntre, ana in̄wan̄-in̄wan̄ nte ke New World Translation idịghe akpa Bible oro enyịn̄ Abasi esịnede ke Obufa Testament. Ukem nte ebiereikpe oro ẹdọhọde ebiere ikpe oro kpukpru mbon oro ẹkpedide ntiense ẹma ẹkekpan̄a, Kọmiti New World Bible Translation, ẹma ẹnen̄ede ẹdụn̄ọde kpukpru uyarade oro mmọ ẹkekụtde. Ke mmọ ẹma ẹkekụt ke mme uyarade emi ẹnen, mmọ ẹma ẹsịn enyịn̄ Jehovah ke N̄wed Abasi Christian Usem Greek oro mmọ ẹkekabarede. Se akpan ntak iba oro akanamde mmọ ẹnam emi.

(1) Kọmiti emi ẹma ẹnịm ke sia ẹkedade odudu spirit Abasi ẹwet edisana N̄wed Abasi Usem Hebrew ye N̄wed Abasi Christian Usem Greek, ke iwụtke ifiọk enyịn̄ Jehovah ndidu ke kiet edi idụhe ke eken.

Ntak emi ekikere emi enende? Ke n̄kpọ nte ufọt ufọt akpa isua ikie E.N., James mbet Jesus ama ọdọhọ mbiowo ke Jerusalem ete: “Symeon omobụk ọyọhọ ọyọhọ nte Abasi ke akpa ini ọkọwọn̄ọrede ntịn̄enyịn esie ọnọ mme idụt ndisio mme owo ke otu mmọ nnọ enyịn̄ esie.” (Utom 15:14) Ndi emekere ke James ekpeketịn̄ ikọ emi edieke mîdụhe owo oro ọkọfiọkde okonyụn̄ esikotde enyịn̄ Abasi ke akpa isua ikie?

(2) Ke ini ẹkekụtde enyịn̄ Abasi utu ke Kyʹri·os (Ọbọn̄) ke Akani Testament oro ẹkekabarede ke usem Hebrew ẹsịn ke Greek, mme akabade Bible ẹma ẹnịm ke anaedi enyịn̄ Abasi ama esịne ke N̄wed Abasi Usem Greek ye Hebrew oro ẹkedude ke eyo Jesus.

Ntre, etie nte ẹketọn̄ọ ndision̄o enyịn̄ Abasi mfep ke N̄wed Abasi Usem Greek ke eyo Jesus ama ekebe, ndien edinam emi inọhọ Abasi ukpono. Afo ekere didie? Ndi Jesus ye mme apostle esie ẹkpekenyịme ẹsion̄o enyịn̄ Abasi ẹfep ke N̄wed Abasi?—Matthew 15:6-9.

Kot “Enyịn̄ Jehovah”

Ke akpanikọ, N̄wed Abasi ke idemesie owụt ke akpa mme Christian ẹma ẹsiwet enyịn̄ Jehovah, akpan akpan ke ini mmọ ẹkekotde ẹto mme ebiet oro enyịn̄ Jehovah ẹkedude ke Akani Testament. Nte eyịghe mîdụhe, New World Translation enyene eti ntak ndiyak enyịn̄ Jehovah esịne ke N̄wed Abasi Christian Usem Greek.

Nso ufọn ke kpukpru se inemede emi enyene ọnọ fi? Apostle Paul ama okot oto N̄wed Abasi Usem Hebrew onyụn̄ eti mme Christian ke Rome ete ke “ẹyenyan̄a owo ekededi eke edisemede okot enyịn̄ Jehovah.” Ekem enye ama obụp ete: “Didie ke mmọ ẹdikot enye emi mmọ mîkọbuọtke idem? Didie, n̄ko, ke mmọ ẹdibuọt idem ye enye emi mmọ mîkokopke iban̄a?” (Rome 10:13, 14; Joel 2:32) Bible oro enyịn̄ Abasi odude ke nnennen itie esie ẹn̄wam fi asan̄a ekpere Abasi. (James 4:8) Ke akpanikọ, edi akwa ukpono nnyịn ndifiọk nnyụn̄ n̄kot ọkpọkpọ enyịn̄ Abasi, Jehovah.

[Mme Ikọ Idakisọn̄]

[Ekebe ke page 21]

NTE ẸWETDE ENYỊN̄ ABASI KE OBUFA TESTAMENT KE USEM 99

CHIHOWA: Choctaw

IÁHVE: Portuguese

IEHOUA: Mer

IEHOVA: Gilbertese; Hawaiian; Hiri Motu; Kerewo; Kiwai; Marquesas; Motu; Panaieti (Misima); Rarotongan; Tahitian; Toaripi

IEHOVAN: Saibai

IEOVA: Kuanua; Wedau

IHOVA: Aneityum

IHVH: French

IOVA: Malekula (Kuliviu); Malekula (Pangkumu); Malekula (Uripiv)

JAHOWA: Batak-Toba

JAHUÈ: Chacobo

JAKWE: (Ki)Sukuma

JAHVE: Hungarian

JEHOBA: Kipsigis; Mentawai

JEHOFA: Tswana

JEHOVA: Croatian; German; Kélé (Gabon); Lele (Manus Island); Nandi; Nauruan; Nukuoro

JEHOVÁ: Spanish

JEHÔVA: Fang; Tsimihety

JEHOVAH: Dutch; Efik; English; Kalenjin; Malagasy; Narrinyeri; Ojibwa

JEOVA: Kusaie (Kosraean)

JIHOVA: Naga (Angami); Naga (Konyak); Naga (Lotha); Naga (Mao); Naga (Ntenyi); Naga (Sangtam); Rotuman

JIOUA: Mortlock

JIOVA: Fijian

JIWHEYẸWHE: Gu (Alada)

SIHOVA: Tongan

UYEHOVA: Zulu

YAHOWA: Thai

YAHVE: Ila

YAVE: Kongo

YAWE: Bobangi; Bolia; Dholuo; Lingala; Mongo (Lolo); (Lo)Ngandu; (Lo)Ntumba; (Ke)Sengele

YEHÓA: Awabakal

YEHOFA: Southern Sotho

YEHOVA: Chokwe; Chuana (Tlapi); (Ki)Kalanga; Logo; Luba; Lugbara; (Chi)Luimbi; (Chi)Lunda (Ndembu); (Chi)Luvale; Santo (Hog Harbor); Tiv; Umbundu; (Isi)Xhosa

YEHOVAH: Bube; Mohawk; Nguna (Efate); Nguna (Tongoa)

YEHOWA: Ga; Laotian; (Ki)Songe; Tshiluba

YEKOVA: Zande

YEOBA: Kuba (Inkongo)

YEOHOWA: Korean

YHWH: Hebrew

YOWO: Lomwe

ZAHOVA: Chin (Haka-Lai)

[Ekebe/Mme ndise ke page 23]

AKABADE N̄WED ORO OKOKPONODE ENYỊN̄ ABASI

Ke November 1857, Hiram Bingham II, kpa isụn̄utom ido ukpono emi ekedide isua 26 ama asan̄a ye n̄wan esie aka Isuo Gilbert (emi ẹkotde Kiribati idahaemi). Ẹkeda ekpri okụk oro nditọwọn̄ ẹketịpde ke Ederi Nditọwọn̄ America ẹdep nsụn̄ikan̄ oro mmọ ẹkedade ẹka isan̄ emi. Ẹkekot nsụn̄ikan̄ emi Morning Star man ẹwụt ke mmimọ imenịm ke Christ ayakara ke Tọsịn Isua.

Barrie Macdonald ọdọhọ ke n̄wed esie oro ẹkotde Cinderellas of the Empire ete ke “idem ikọsọn̄ke Bingham. Enye ama enyene udọn̄ọ ke nsia ye ke usụn̄itọn̄, ndien emi ikesiyakke enye ekeme nditịn̄ ikọ edifọn edifọn ke otuowo. Enye n̄ko ama enyene mfịna enyịn oro mîkesiyakke enye ekeme ndikot n̄wed mbe hour iba m̀mê ita ke usen.”

Nte ededi, Bingham ama ebiere ndikpep usem Gilbertese. Emi ikedịghe ifia ubọk kiet. Enye ama esibụp mme owo nte ẹkotde mme n̄kpọ. Ke enye ama ekewet n̄kpọ nte ikọ tọsịn iba enịm, enye ama ekpe kiet ke otu mbon oro enye ọkọkwọrọde ikọ akabade esịt dollar kiet ini ekededi oro enye adade mbufa ikọ ikie edidian do.

Ifịk oro Bingham ekesịnde ikatakke-tak. Etisịm ini oro enye ọkọkpọn̄de mme Isuo Gilbert ke 1865 ke ntak unana nsọn̄idem, enye ama owụt nte ẹkpewetde usem Gilbertese, onyụn̄ akabade n̄wed Matthew ye John esịn ke usem Gilbertese. Ke ini enye akafiakde aka mme isuo oro ke 1873, enye ama akama Obufa Testament oro enye akakabarede ke usem Gilbertese. Enye ama aka iso akabade n̄wed ke isua 17, ndien etisịm 1890, enye ama akabade ofụri Bible ke usem Gilbertese.

Ke ẹkama Bible oro Bingham akakabarede tutu esịm mfịn emi ke Kiribati. Mbon oro ẹkotde Bible emi ẹkụt ke Bingham ama ewet enyịn̄ Jehovah (Iehova ke usem Gilbertese) ke ediwak tọsịn itie ke Akani Testament ye ke se ibede utịm ike-50 ke Obufa Testament. Ke akpanikọ, Hiram Bingham II ekedi akabade n̄wed oro okokponode enyịn̄ Abasi!

[Mme Ndise]

Hiram Bingham II

Bible usem Gilbertese oro Bingham akakabarede

[Ebiet Ẹdade N̄kpọ Ẹto]

Top photos from Alfred M. Bingham’s book: “The Tiffany Fortune”

[Chart/Ndise ke page 18, 19]

(Ama oyom ndikụt nte enye enen̄erede etie, se n̄wed)

200

DEUTERONOMY 6:4

IKPAN̄WED NASH

Ọyọhọ isua ikie iba m̀mê akpa isua ikie M.E.N.

[Ndise]

Akani itie N̄wed Abasi Usem Hebrew oro enyịn̄ Abasi esịnede itie iba

100

UBAK IKPAN̄WED DEUTERONOMY 18:15, 16

P. FOUAD INV. 266

Akpa isua ikie M.E.N.

[Ndise]

Ẹda abisi Hebrew ẹwet enyịn̄ Abasi ke N̄wed Abasi Usem Hebrew oro ẹkekabarede ẹsịn ke usem Greek

[Ebiet Ẹdade N̄kpọ Ẹto]

Société Royale de Papyrologie du Caire

↑

B.C.E.

C.E.

↓

100

300

400

DEUTERONOMY 18:15, 16

CODEX ALEXANDRINUS

Ọyọhọ isua ikie ition E.N.

[Ndise]

Ẹsio enyịn̄ Abasi ẹfep ẹnyụn̄ ẹwet K̇Ċ ye KY, kpa mbio mbio usụn̄ ndiwet Kyʹri·os (“Ọbọn̄”)

[Ebiet ẹdade n̄kpọ ẹto]

From The Codex Alexandrinus in Reduced Photographic Facsimile, 1909, by permission of the British Library

500

1900

1950

UTOM 3:22, OKOT OTO DEUTERONOMY 18:15

NEW WORLD TRANSLATION

Ọyọhọ isua ikie 20 E.N.

[Ndise]

“New World Translation” esịn enyịn̄ Abasi ke mme itie esie

2000

[Mme ndise ke page 20]

Nte ẹwetde enyịn̄ Abasi ke Rome 10:13 ke nsio nsio Bible

Bible oro Hutter akakabarede esịn ke usem Hebrew, Greek, Latin, ye German

Bible Rotuman

Bible Batak-Toba

New World Translation