Masada​—Odaseyeli ni Tsɔɔ Akɛ Mesia lɛ Eba?

LASHISHWIEMƆ yɛ Nyɔŋmɔ jamɔ gbɛi amli efee tsɛŋemɔ hela ni baa be fɛɛ be yɛ yinɔsane mli. Esorooo Masada, ejaakɛ mɛi ni faa he lɛ yɛ Nyɔŋmɔ jamɔ kanyamɔi ni mli wa. Kɛ oyashara shi yɛ Masada ni okwɛ nibii ni atsatsai lɛ, obaana kpeehe ko ni hii ni kɛ dukpei yeɔ awui lɛ kpeɔ yɛ amɛjaa kɛ kusum nifeemɔ mli hejuui ni akɛtsuɔ nii yɛ jamɔ mli amɛkɛtsuɔ amɛhe lɛ ni fɛɛ hiɛ ekpata lɛ.

Ana Biblia lɛ fai komɛi hu yɛ Masada. Ekolɛ obaabi akɛ mɛɛ gbɛ nɔ Biblia mli shɛɛ sane ni hii ni kɛ dukpei yeɔ awui lɛ hiɛ lɛ tamɔ nɔ ni wɔkaneɔ yɛ Biblia lɛ mli ŋmɛnɛ lɛ yɛ? Dr. Yigael Yadin ŋma yɛ ewolo, Masada lɛ mli yɛ klɛŋklɛŋ nii ni ayana nɛɛ eko he akɛ:

“Nibii amlipɛimɔ oya ni wɔfee yɛ jɛmɛ: nɔŋŋ lɛ ha wɔna akɛ naa Lalai a-Wolo lɛ fa ko, ni wɔbaanyɛ wɔna yitsei lɛ po: wɔnaa efa ni ji Lala 81 kɛyashi Lala 86. . . . Abaanyɛ atsɔɔ be ni akɛŋma enɛ ni ŋwanejee ko kwraa bɛ he. Enyɛŋ etsɛ fe afi 73 A.D., afi ni akpata Masada hiɛ lɛ. . . . Nɛkɛ Lalai awolo nɛɛ fa ni tamɔ Biblia mli wolokpoi krokomɛi ni wɔna yɛ sɛɛ mli lɛ tamɔ nakai nɔŋŋ pɛpɛɛpɛ . . . kɛ akɛto Biblia mli woji ni wɔkɛtsuɔ nii ŋmɛnɛ lɛ amli saji lɛ ahe lɛ.”

Eka shi faŋŋ akɛ hii ni kɛ dukpei yeɔ awui lɛ he ye akɛ Hebri Ŋmalɛ lɛ Feelɔ Krɔŋkrɔŋ lɛ baajɔɔ shi ni amɛte amɛwo Roma lɛ nɔ. Taakɛ The Universal Jewish Encyclopedia lɛ tsɔɔ mli lɛ: “Nɔ ni wo Yudafoi ni amɛye jamɔ he sɛkɛ nɛɛ ekaa yɛ Ta Kpeteŋkpele ni amɛwu amɛshi Roma (66-73 Ŋ.B.) lɛ mli ji hemɔkɛyeli ni amɛna akɛ Mesia lɛ be lɛ ebɛŋkɛ lɛ. Sɔlemɔtsu lɛ ni hiɛ kpata lɛ ha amɛsusumɔ yɛ Mesia lɛ baa he lɛ mli bawo wu.”

Mesia lɛ Baa

The Encyclopedia of Religion lɛ jaje akɛ, “Yudafoi ni nyaa Mesia lɛ baa lɛ he lɛ kɛ amɛ akɔntaabui lɛ damɔ Book of Daniel (Daniel Wolo) lɛ nɔ yɛ be babaoo mli.” Eji anɔkwale akɛ Hebri gbalɔ Daniel gba yɛ “Mesia ni ji Hiɛnyiɛlɔ” loo Lumɔ lɛ baa lɛ he. (Daniel 9:​25, NW) Daniel wie shii enyɔ yɛ hei sɔrɔtoi hu akɛ Mesia lɛ baatsɔ je lɛ Nɔyelɔ, ni akɛ e-Maŋtsɛyeli lɛ baakpata adesai anɔyelii fɛɛ ni teɔ shi woɔ lɛ lɛ ahiɛ.​—Daniel 2:​44; 7:​13, 14.

Klɛŋklɛŋ afii oha lɛ mli Yudafoi maŋ-hiɛ-atuatselɔi lɛ nu he akɛ be eshɛ ni esa akɛ nɛkɛ gbalɛ ninaai nɛɛ aba mli. Josephus jaje akɛ, “nɔ ni kanya amɛ fe fɛɛ kɛtee ta lɛ ji [amɛhemɔkɛyeli] akɛ yɛ nakai be lɛ mli lɛ mɔ ko ni jɛ amɛmaŋ lɛ mli baafee je lɛ nɔyelɔ lɛ.” Shi Daniel tsɔ hiɛ egba fɔ shi akɛ klɛŋklɛŋ lɛ esa akɛ “afo” Mesia ni ji Hiɛnyiɛlɔ loo Lumɔ lɛ “ashɛ afɔ”, ni akɛ yɛ egbele sɛɛ lɛ, “lumɔ ni baaba lɛ maŋbii lɛ” baakpata Yerusalem kɛ esɔlemɔtsu lɛ hiɛ.​—Daniel 9:​25, 26.

Bɔ ni Yudafoi Susuɔ Jeŋmaji Anɔyeli He Amɛhaa

Aja klɛŋklɛŋ afii oha lɛ mli Yudea lɛ mli aha niiatsɛmɛi fioo ko kɛ ohiafoi babaoo. Yudafoi ni ji niiatsɛmɛi lɛ ateŋ mɛi komɛi, titri lɛ mɛi ni ji Sadukifoi kɛ Farisifoi lɛ buɔ hegbɛ ni Roma eŋmɛ amɛ ni amɛna yɛ shikpɔŋ lɛ nɔ lɛ waa, ni amɛbuuu gbɔmɛi foji lɛ. No hewɔ lɛ amɛteɔ shi amɛwoɔ maŋ-hiɛ-atuatsemɔi fɛɛ eko, ni amɛtsu nii moŋ koni toiŋjɔlɛ wekukpaa aba amɛkɛ Roma teŋ.​—Luka 16:​14; 19:​45, 46; Yohane 2:​14; 7:​47-49; 11:​47, 48.

Shi yɛ gbɛ kroko nɔ lɛ, Yudeabii krokomɛi ni ji maŋbii lɛ na amanehulu yɛ Roma tooyeli ni tsii lɛ kɛ amɛ diɛŋtsɛ amɛmaŋbii ni waa amɛyi lɛ ashishi. Amɛnaaa miishɛɛ ko kwraa yɛ nɔ ni akɛɛ atsɛɔ lɛ Pax Romana (Roma Toiŋjɔlɛ) lɛ shishi, shi moŋ amɛmiisumɔ ni amɛna tsakemɔ. Nɛkɛ nibii ni kɛ mligbalamɔ baa, ni beni mɔ nɛ miinya enɛ he lɛ mɔ kroko hu miinya nɔ kroko he lɛ kɛ maŋ bei ni yɔɔ gbeyei ba. Josephus ŋma akɛ, “kuu kome tswa amɛfai shi akɛ amɛbaaye nɔ, ni kuu kroko hu lɛ tsɔɔ akɛ amɛbaaye awui ni amɛtswa niiatsɛmɛi lɛ ojo.”

Akɛ nɔkwɛmɔ nɔ lɛ, hii ni kɛ dukpei yeɔ awui lɛ ju amɛnanemɛi Yudafoi lɛ anibii ni amɛgbe amɛ ni amɛbu nɛkɛ yiwalɛ nifeemɔi nɛɛ bem akɛ eji toigbalamɔ ni akɛbaa Yudafoi ni akɛɛ amɛkɛ Roma efee ekome lɛ anɔ. Rabi ko ni hi shi yɛ afii ohai enyɔ lɛ mli, Johanan ben Torta, kɛ yiŋtoo ni ha oshara ba klɛŋklɛŋ afii oha lɛ mli Yudafoi lɛ anɔ nɛɛ ha: “Shika baa amɛtsine, ni amɛnyɛɔ amɛhe.”

Belɛ ŋwanejee ko bɛ he akɛ nakai Yudafoi ni sheɔ Nyɔŋmɔ gbeyei diɛŋtsɛ lɛ miishwe ni Mesia lɛ aba, ni amɛhiɛ ka nɔ akɛ lɛ ebaabutu Roma nɔyeli ni eto Nyɔŋmɔ Maŋtsɛyeli ni ja ama shi lɛ puemɔ. Shi hii ni ebuuu nii kɛ nɛkɛ hiɛnɔkamɔi nɛɛ shwɛ.

Apasa Mesiai

Aaafee afi 33 Ŋ.B. lɛ, Yudafoi ahiɛnyiɛlɔ ko ni egbɛi ji Gamaliel kai enanemɛi Yerusalem nɔyeli lɛ akɛ: “Mɔnɛ sɛɛ lɛ, Yuda, Galileanyo lɛ te shi yɛ mɛi akanemɔ gbii lɛ amli, ni egbala asafo babaoo eshwie esɛɛ; lɛ hu ehiɛ kpata, ni mɛi ni bo lɛ toi lɛ fɛɛ hu gbɛ shwa.”​—Bɔfoi lɛ Asaji 5:​36, 37.

Ato “mɛi akanemɔ” ni ha Yuda te shi lɛ he gbɛjianɔ yɛ afi 6 Ŋ.B., kɛ yiŋtoo akɛ akɛbaatsu too aha Roma. Josephus kɛɔ wɔ akɛ Yuda jaje akɛ kɛ Yudafoi lɛ “kpɛlɛ nɔ ni amɛwo too amɛha Romabii lɛ, belɛ amɛji feetɔi.” Gbɛi Yuda lɛ jɛ Yudah mli, ni tsɔɔ akɛ ejɛ weku ni akpaa gbɛ akɛ Mesia lɛ baajɛ mli aba lɛ mli. (1 Mose 49:10) McClintock kɛ Strong Cyclopedia lɛ jaje akɛ, “Ekaa kɛ naatsemɔ ni ekɛwieɔ kɛ bɔ ni etsɔɔmɔi lɛ he gbɛi ha lɛ gbala gbɔmɛi babaoo kɛbanyiɛ esɛɛ, ni nɛkɛ gbɔmɛi nɛɛ ateŋ mɛi pii susu akɛ lɛ ji Mesia lɛ.”

Kadimɔ akɛ Bofoi lɛ Asaji 5:37 bɔɔ amaniɛ akɛ nɛkɛ Yuda nɛɛ sɛɛnyiɛlɔi lɛ kɛ lɛ fɛɛ hiɛ kpataaa. Taakɛ Yudanyo woloŋlelɔ Gaalya Cornfeld tsɔɔ lɛ, ekuu lɛ, “na shishifai ni mlikwɔlɔ ni etee Mesia hiɛnɔkamɔi ashi.” Yɛ anɔkwale mli lɛ, hii ni kɛ dukpei yeɔ awui nɛɛ ahiɛnyiɛlɔi lɛ ateŋ mɛi enyɔ, Menahem kɛ Eleazar, ji nakai Yuda, Galileanyo lɛ seshibii. Beni Yudafoi atuatsemɔ lɛ je shishi yɛ afi 66 Ŋ.B. lɛ, Menahem kɛ tawuu nii ni akɛto yɛ Masada lɛ ha esɛɛnyiɛlɔi lɛ. Kɛkɛ ni “eku esɛɛ eba Yerusalem tamɔ maŋtsɛ,” ni “ebatsɔ maŋ-hiɛ-atuatsemɔ lɛ hiɛnyiɛlɔ.” Ni Encyclopaedia Judaica lɛ kɛfata he akɛ, “eka shi faŋŋ akɛ Menahem, Yuda [binuu] lɛ ji mɔ ni asusu akɛ lɛ ji Mesia lɛ.”

Shi Yudafoi atuatsemɔ kuu kroko ni teɔ shi woɔ amɛ gbe Menahem yɛ nakai afi lɛ nɔŋŋ mli. Kɛkɛ ni esɛɛnyiɛlɔi lɛ jo foi kɛtee Masada, he ni Eleazar batsɔ hii ni kɛ dukpei yeɔ awui lɛ ahiɛnyiɛlɔ aahu kɛyashi afi 73 Ŋ.B. lɛ. Eleazar hegbee wiemɔi lɛ tsɔɔ enii Yuda tsɔɔmɔi ni ejaaa lɛ: “Mihefatalɔi ekaalɔi, jeeŋmɔ beebe ni wɔtswa wɔfai shi akɛ wɔsɔmɔŋ Romabii lɛ loo mɔ ko mɔ ko ja Nyɔŋmɔ pɛ.”

Maŋ Saji ni Yudafoi Kristofoi lɛ kɛ Amɛhe Wooo Mli

Dani Yudafoi lɛ atuatsemɔ lɛ aaaba yɛ afi 66 Ŋ.B. lɛ, no mli lɛ ato Kristofoi asafoi yɛ Yudea, ni Yerusalem asafo lɛ hu fata he. (Bɔfoi lɛ Asaji 9:31) Mɛi ni yɔɔ asafo nɛɛ mli ji Yudafoi ni he ye akɛ Yesu Nazarenyo lɛ ji Mesia ni agba egbele kɛ egbohiiashitee afɔ shi lɛ. (Bɔfoi lɛ Asaji 2:​22-36) Yudafoi Kristofoi lɛ kɛ ekaa gbɛ amɛhemɔkɛyeli lɛ amɛshwa, yɛ be mli ni amɛkɛ toiŋjɔlɛ mɛɔ Mesia lɛ baa ni ji enyɔ lɛ akɛ jeŋ nɔyelɔ lɛ. Yesu etsɔ hiɛ etsɔɔ mli akɛ ebaaba “yɛ mli aahu,” aloo ‘yɛ be kpalaŋŋ sɛɛ.’​—Mateo 25:​19, 31; 28:​19, 20; Bɔfoi lɛ Asaji 1:​8-11.

Shi mɛni bu nakai Yudea Kristofoi lɛ ahe koni atua ni Yudafoi lɛ tse yɛ afi 66 Ŋ.B. lɛ mli ni tamɔ nɔ ni eeye omanye lɛ akalaka amɛ loo egbala amɛ kɛtee? Ŋwanejee ko bɛ he akɛ amɛkai amɛ-Nuntsɔ lɛ kɔkɔbɔɔ lɛ: “Mɛi fɛɛ ni kɔlɔɔ klante lɛ, klante nɔŋŋ akɛaakpata amɛhiɛ.” (Mateo 26:52) Agbɛnɛ hu Yesu kɛ jwɛŋmɔ ni ŋmɛɔ pɛpɛɛpɛ ni kɔɔ Jeŋmaji anɔyeli hegbɛ lɛ he eha amɛ. Ekɛɛ, “nyɛŋɔa Kaisare nii nyɛhaa Kaisare, ni nyɛŋɔa Nyɔŋmɔ nii nyɛhaa Nyɔŋmɔ.” (Marko 12:17) Kɛfata he lɛ, Yesu etsɔ hiɛ egba akɛ mɛi ni baakwa afee amɛhe Mesiai baaba, ni amɛbakɛɛ akɛ, “‘Mi ni,’ ni ‘Be lɛ eshɛ eta,’” shi ebɔ amɛ kɔkɔ akɛ: “Nyɛkaboa amɛ toi.”​—Luka 21:⁠8.

Yesu egba nɔ ni baajɛ Yudafoi atuatsemɔ lɛ po mli aba, akɛ: “Shi kɛ nyɛna akɛ abɔ ŋsra awo Yerusalem he lɛ, belɛ nyɛnaa nyɛlea akɛ efitemɔ lɛ eshɛ. No mli lɛ mɛi ni yɔɔ Yudea lɛ ajo foi aya gɔji lɛ anɔ, ni mɛi ni yɔɔ maŋ lɛŋ lɛ aje kpo, ni mɛi ni yɔɔ akrowai lɛ akaba maŋ; . . . ejaakɛ fimɔ babaoo aaaba shikpɔŋ lɛ nɔ, ni mlifu hu baaba nɛkɛ maŋ nɛɛ nɔ. Ni amɛaanyɔnyɔi yɛ klante naa, ni aaaŋɔ amɛ nom kɛaatee jeŋmaji fɛɛ mli.”​—Luka 21:​20-24.

Hiɛkpatamɔ kpeteŋkpele ni nyiɛ Yudafoi atuatsemɔ lɛ sɛɛ ba lɛ ji Yesu gbalɛ mlibaa yɛ naakpɛɛ gbɛ nɔ! Shi Yudafoi Kristofoi lɛ jo foi kɛtsɔ toiboo ni amɛfee amɛha famɔ “ajo foi aya gɔji lɛ anɔ” lɛ nɔ. Encyclopaedia Judaica lɛ jaje akɛ, “dani Tito aaawo Yerusalem he ka [yɛ afi 70 Ŋ.B.] lɛ, Kristofoi ni yɔɔ maŋ lɛ mli lɛ fa ketee Pella.” Nɔ ni yɔɔ miishɛɛ ji akɛ, Pella yɛ kooyigbɛ, yɛ gɔji ni yɔɔ Yordan Faa lɛ sɛɛ lɛ shishi gbɛ, no hewɔ lɛ Yordan Jɔɔ lɛ eha etse ehe kwraa kɛjɛ Yudea he. G. A. Williamson ŋma yɛ ehiɛkpamɔ wiemɔ kɛha wolo ni ji Josephus​—The Jewish War lɛ mli akɛ, “Eji aŋma [Yesu] gbalɛ lɛ yɛ nibii ni ba nɛɛ asɛɛ kulɛ, ebaawa akɛ aaanyɛ atsɔɔ bɔ ni fee ni amɛjo foi nɛɛ mli.”

Yɛ anɔkwale mli lɛ, Yudea Kristofoi lɛ afoijee yɛ omanyeyeli mli lɛ ji odaseyeli ni mli wa akɛ amɛji anɔkwa Mesia lɛ sɛɛnyiɛlɔi lɛlɛŋ. Enɛ teeɔ sanebimɔi ni he hiaa shi. Mɛni ji yiŋtoo ni yɔɔ Mesia lɛ klɛŋklɛŋ baa lɛ sɛɛ? Ni mɛɛ kɔkɔbɔɔ nakai Yudafoi atuatsemɔ ni kɛ oshara ba amɛnɔ lɛ kɛhaa wɔ ŋmɛnɛ, titri lɛ adesai ateŋ mɛi ni awo amɛ gbɛi akɛ “Kristofoi” lɛ? Abaaha sanebimɔi nɛɛ ahetoo yɛ wolo tɛtrɛɛ nɛɛ mli.