Omayambo oo a hokiwa kuKalunga
“Keshe tuu omupristeri omukulunhu ta tulilwa po okuyamba eeshali nomayambo.”—OVAHEBERI 8:3.
1. Omolwashike ovanhu ve udite sha pumbiwa okupungulukila kuKalunga?
“OKUYAMBA omayambo okwa fa oshinima ‘shopaushitwe’ ngaashi ashike okwiilikana; nakuyamba ota ulike nghee e udite shi na sha naye mwene, nakwiilikana ota ulike nghee e udite shi na sha naKalunga,” osho omunandjokonona wOmbibeli Alfred Edersheim a shanga. Okudja ashike pefimbo olo oulunde we uya mounyuni, owa eta ouyahame weliudo letimba, nokuliteeka po Kalunga nolokuhakala neameno. Okumangululwa komaliudo aa okwa pumbiwa. Oshipu okuudiwa ko kutya ngeenge ovanhu va wile monghalo yokuhakala neteelelo ya tya ngaho, ohava mono kutya ova pumbwa okupungulukila kuKalunga opo e va kwafe.—Ovaroma 5:12.
2. Ehokololo lashike lomayambo opefimbo lonale a yambelwa Kalunga hatu hange mOmbibeli?
2 Ehokololo lotete lOmbibeli tali popi omayambo taa yambelwa Kalunga oli na sha naKain naAbel. Ohatu lesha: “Eshi pa pita efimbo, Kain okwa yambela Omwene oiimati yomepya. Ndele Abel yo okwa eta eshi sha dalwa tete shomoimuna yaye nokutya, omaadi ayo.” (Genesis 4:3, 4) Mehokololo la shikula ko, ohatu mono mo kutya Noa, oo a xupifwa kuKalunga mEyelu linene olo la hanauna po epupi alishe likolokoshi lopefimbo laye, oshe mu linyengifa a ‘yambe omaxwikiloyambo koaltari’ okuyambela Jehova. (Genesis 8:20) Peemhito di lili naku lili, omupiya mudiinini nakaume kaKalunga Abraham, okwa li e linyengifwa komaudaneko nomanangeko noupuna aKalunga nokwa “tungila Omwene oaltari ndele a ifana edina lOmwene.” (Genesis 12:8; 13:3, 4, 18) Konima, Abraham okwa ka hangwa keyeleko linene leitavelo laye eshi kwa li a lombwelwa kuJehova a yambe po omona waye Isak exwikiloyambo. (Genesis 22:1-14) Omahokololo aa nande omaxupi, otaa yandje ouyelele muhapu koshinima shi na sha nomayambo, ngaashi hatu ke shi mona.
3. Omayambo otaa dana onghandangala yashike mokulongela Kalunga?
3 Okudja momahokololo aa nosho yo momahokololo makwao Ombibeli, osha yela kutya okuyamba omayambo oludi lonhumba okwa kala oshitukulwa sha fimana shelongelokalunga okudja nale ofimbo Jehova ina yandja eemhango dokondadalunde di na sha naashi. Mekwatafano naasho, embo limwe lomauyelele otali yelifa “eyambo” li li “onghedi yelongelokalunga omo oshinima hashi yambelwa Kalunga opo ku dikwe po ile ku kalekwe po ile ku ningululwe ekwatafano lomunhu liwa naasho sha talika ko shi li shiyapuki.” Ndele eshi otashi pendula omapulo a fimana oo a wana okukonakonwa kufye, ngaashi: “Omolwashike omayambo a pumbiwa melongelokalunga? Omayambo oludi lilipi oo a hokiwa kuKalunga? Nosho yo kutya omayambo onale otaa ti shike kufye nena?
Omolwashike omayambo a pumbiwa?
4. Oshilanduliko shashike Adam naEva va mona eshi va nyona?
4 Eshi Adam a nyona, okwa nyonena owina. Okukufa nokulya oshiimati shokomuti wokushiiva ouwa nowii okwa li oshilonga shoshiningilewina shokuhadulika. Nondjabi yoshilonga osho shokuhadulika oyo efyo, ngaashi Kalunga e shi popya sha yela: “Efiku tuu olo to li kuwo, ove u noku ka fya shili.” (Genesis 2:17) Adam naEva hauxuuninwa ova teya ondjabi youlunde—ova fya.—Genesis 3:19; 5:3-5.
5. Omolwashike Jehova kwa li a katuka eenghatu omolwoludalo laAdam, nokwe li ningila shike?
5 Ndelenee ongahelipi shi na sha noludalo laAdam? Eshi la fyuulula oulunde nokuhawanenena kuAdam, otali pangelwa kokuliteeka po Kalunga kwa faafana, kokuhakala neteelelo nosho yo kefyo omo mwa wila ovanhu votete vavali. (Ovaroma 5:14) Ndelenee, Jehova ke fi ashike Kalunga kouyuki nokeenghono ndele—doshili, unene tuu—oye Kalunga kohole. (1 Johannes 4:8, 16) Hano okwa katuka eenghatu a tungulule osho sha ngumaunwa po. Konima yokupopya kutya “ondjabi youlunde oyo efyo,” Ombibeli otai twikile ko tai ti, “ndelenee oshalinghenda yaKalunga oyo omwenyo waalushe muKristus Jesus, Omwene wetu.”—Ovaroma 6:23.
6. Ehalo laJehova olilipi po li na sha naashi sha nyonaunwa po koulunde waAdam?
6 Hauxuuninwa, okushilipaleka oshali oyo, Jehova Kalunga okwa li ta ka eta sha osho tashi ka tuvika ekanifo olo la dja mokunyona kwaAdam. MOshiheberi, oshitya ka·pharʹ tete okwa li tashi ti “okutuvika” ile tashi dulika “okupushula,” notashi tolokwa yo shi li “ekwatakanifo.”a Neendjovo dimwe, Jehova okwa yandja oshinima sha wapala okutuvika oulunde oo wa fyuululwa kuAdam nokukufa po osho sha nyonwa, opo ovo va wana okumona oshali oyo va dule okumangululwa mehandu loulunde nefyo.—Ovaroma 8:21.
7. (a) Eteelelo lashike kwa li la yandjwa okupitila mehandukilo laKalunga okuhandukila Satana? (b) Ondjabi yashike i na okufutwa mokumangulula ovanhu moulunde nefyo?
7 Eteelelo lokumangululwa moupika woulunde nefyo okwa li la ningwa divadiva konima eshi ovanhu votete va nyona. Mokuyandja ehandukilo laye kuSatana, oo kwa li a kalelwa po keyoka, Jehova okwa ti: “Ame ohandi ka tula outondanhu pokati koye nomwalikadi . . . nokoludalo loye nokoludalo laye. Ye ota ka nyanyaula omutwe woye ndele ove to ke mu twa moshififinwa.” (Genesis 3:15) Okudja meendjovo dopaxunganeko odo, ohandje imwe yeteelelo oya hovela okugena kwaaveshe ovo tava ka kala neitavelo mexunganeko olo. Ndelenee, ope na ofuto oyo i na okufutwa omolwokumangululwa oko. Oludalo la udanekwa itali ke uya ashike nokuhanauna po Satana; Oludalo oli na okutuwa moshififinwa, sha hala kutya oli na okufya, nande hafyo laalushe.
8. (a) Ongahelipi Kain a li enyeme? (b) Omolwashike eyambo laAbel la tambulwa ko kuKalunga?
8 Kape na omalimbililo kutya Adam naEva ova kala tava diladila shihapu shi na sha nokushiiva kutya Oludalo la udanekwa olyelye. Eshi Eva a dala, okaana kaye koshiveli Kain, okwa popya ta ti: “Ame nde limonena omulumenhu kekwafo lOmwene.” (Genesis 4:1) Mbela okwa li ta diladila kutya otashi dulika omonamati oye ta ka ninga Oludalo? Kutya nee osho kwa li ta diladila ile hasho, Kain nosho yo eyambo laye ola li enyeme. Mekondjifafano naasho, omumwainamati Abel okwa ulika eitavelo momaudaneko aKalunga nokwa li e linyengifwa opo a yandje ei yotete yomoufita waye i li eyambo okuyambela Jehova. Ohatu lesha: “Meitavelo Abel okwa yambela Kalunga eyambo liwa li dule eli laKain, nomolwolo a pewa ehepaululo nokutya, oye omuyuki.”—Ovaheberi 11:4.
9. (a) Omushike omo Abel a kala a itavela, nokwe shi ulika ngahelipi? (b) Eyambo laAbel ola wanifa po shike?
9 Eitavelo laAbel kala li ashike eitavelo lomokanya kutya Kalunga oko e li, olo yo kwa li li niwe kuKain. Abel okwa li e na eitavelo meudaneko laKalunga lOludalo olo tali eta exupifo kovanhu ovaduliki. Kakwa li a hololelwa kutya eshi okwa li tashi ka ningwa ngahelipi, ndele eudaneko laKalunga ola ningifa Abel a kale e shii kutya ope na omunhu oo e na oku ka tuwa moshififinwa. Heeno, osha yela kutya okwa li e uya pexulifodiladilo kutya ohonde oi na okutilwashi opo ku ningululwe omwenyo—osho shi li elalakano leyambo. Abel okwa yandja oshali ya kwatela mo omwenyo nohonde kOdjo yomwenyo, i li ngaashi edidiliko lokuhala kwaye nokuhalelela okuwanifwa po kweudaneko laJehova nosho yo oku ku teelela kwaye. Euliko eli leitavelo olo la ningifa eyambo laAbel li hokiwe kuJehova, nopanghedi inini, ola ulika onghalo yeyambo yashili—onghedi oyo ovanhu ovakwamatimba tava dulu okweehena kuKalunga va hokiwe kuye.—Genesis 4:4; Ovaheberi 11:1, 6.
10. Ongahelipi efimano leyambo la yelifwa eshi Jehova a pula Abraham a yambe po Isak?
10 Euliko linene leyambo okwa li la yelifwa nawa eshi Jehova kwa li a lombwela Abraham a yambe po omonamati waye Isak e li exwikiloyambo. Ndele nande eyambo olo kakwa li la dula okuningwa lelalela, oli li ngaashi efano laasho Jehova ta ka ninga hauxuuninwa—okuyandja Omona waye ewifa e li eyambo linene olo inali ningwa nande onale opo a wanife po ehalo laYe li na sha novanhu. (Johannes 3:16) Okupitila momayambo nokuyamba kwomOmhango yaMoses, Jehova okwa tula po oihopaenenwa yopaxunganeko okuhonga oshiwana shaye sha hoololwa osho shi na okuninga opo shi mone ediminepo lomatimba asho nosho yo okupameka eteelelo lexupifo lasho. Oshike hatu dulu okulihonga mwaashi?
Omayambo oo haa tambulwa ko kuJehova
11. Omaludi avali omayambo elipi a kala haa yambwa komupristeri omukulunhu waIsrael, nonomalalakano ashike?
11 “Keshe tuu omupristeri omukulunhu ta tulilwa po okuyamba eeshali nomayambo,” osho omuyapostoli Paulus ta ti. (Ovaheberi 8:3) Didilika kutya Paulus ota tukula omayambo oo a ningwa komupristeri omukulunhu waIsrael shonale meengudu di li mbali, odo nee, “eeshali” “nomayambo” ile ‘omayambo omolwomatimba.’ (Ovaheberi 5:1) Ovanhu luhapu ohava yandje eeshali okuulika ohole nolupandu, nosho yo okupameka oukaume, okuhokiwa, ile okutambulwa ko. (Genesis 32:20; Omayeletumbulo 18:16) Sha faafana, mahapu omomayambo oo a popiwa mOmhango otaa dulu okutalika ko e li “eeshali” kuKalunga okukendabala okutambulwa ko nosho yo okuhokiwa kuye.b Okunyona Omhango okwa li taku pula eyukifo nopo ku ningwe eyukifo, ‘omayambo omolwomatimba” okwa li haa ningwa. Omambo atano otete Ombibeli, unene tuu Exodus, Leviticus naNumeri, otaa yandje ouyelele muhapu u na sha nomaludi e lili naku lili omayambo. Ndele nande paushili kufye okutambula nokudimbuluka okanima keshe otashi dulu okukala eshongo, oitwa imwe oyo ya fimana shi na sha nomaludi omayambo e lili naku lili oya pumbwa elitulemo letu.
12. Openi mOmbibeli hatu dulu okumona ouyelele u na sha nomayambo mOmhango?
12 Otashi dulika tu mone kutya muLeviticus etukulwa 1 fiyo 7 otamu hokololwa omaludi atano a fimana omayambo koolimwe, nande amwe omuo okwa li haa ningilwa oshita—exwikiloyambo, eendjayambo, ekwatafanoyambo, etimbayambo nosho yo elivelombediyambo. Ohatu mono yo kutya omayambo aa otaa hokololwa luvali momatukulwa aa, nomalalakano a yoolokafana: shotete, muLeviticus 1:2 fiyo 6:7 otamu popiwa osho kwa li shi na okuyambwa koaltari, ndele oshikando oshitivali, muLeviticus 6:8 fiyo 7:36, otamu ulikwa oitukulwa oyo kwa li i na okulitulilwa omolwovapristeri nosho yo nakuyamba. Opo nee, muNumeri etukulwa 28 no 29 ohatu mono mo osho tashi dulu okutalika ko shi li elandulafano lokanima keshe, olo tali yandje omulandu kutya oshike kwa li shi na okuyambwa efiku keshe, oshivike keshe, omwedi keshe nosho yo poivilo yokomudo.
13. Hokolola omayambo oo kwa li haa yambelwa Kalunga nehalo liwa e li eeshali.
13 Mokati komayambo oo kwa li haa yambwa nehalo liwa e li eeshali ile e li okweehena kuKalunga nelalakano lokuhokiwa kuye oo nee omaxwikiloyambo, eendjayambo nosho yo omakwatafanoyambo. Ovahongwanhu vamwe otava ti kutya oshitya shOshiheberi osho tashi ti “exwikiloyambo” otashi ti “eyambo lokulonda” ile “elondoyambo.” Eshi osha yukila ko molwaashi mexwikiloyambo, oshinamwenyo osho sha tomwa ohashi xwikwa po koaltari nopo nee edimba liwa ohali londo pombada la yuka keulu kuKalunga. Oshinima sha li shi lili mexwikiloyambo osheshi kutya konima shimha ohonde ya shashaminwa komukunghulo woaltari, oshinamwenyo ashishe ohashi yambelwa kaKalunga. Ovapristeri ove ‘li xwika po alishe koshiyambelo exwikiloyambo nokutya, omundiloyambo edimba liwa kOmwene.’—Leviticus 1:3, 4, 9; Genesis 8:21.
14. Eendjayambo okwa li hadi yandjwa ngahelipi?
14 Eendjayambo otadi hokololwa muLeviticus etukulwa 2. Eli ola li eyambo lehalo liwa la fikama po moufila wa nakwa, wa tilwa omaadi, nowa tulwa oitwiminifo. “Nomupristeri e nokukufa mo muyo shi fike peke limwe moufila wa nakwa pamwe nomaadi noitwiminifo aishe i li mo. Ndee ye e noku i xwika po koaltari edimbulukifoyambo nokutya, omundiloyambo wedimba liwa kOmwene.” (Leviticus 2:2) Oitwiminifo oya li oinima imwe yomoimbodi iyapuki oyo kwa li hai xwikwa koaltari yetwimino metwali nosho yo motembeli. (Exodus 30:34-36) Ohamba David osha yela kutya okwa li tai diladila kwaashi eshi ya ti: “Eindilo lange nali talwe kuove, olo etwimino neyelulo lomaoko ange, olo eyambo [leendjayambo, NW] longuloshi.”—Epsalme 141:2.
15. Oshike sha li elalakano lekwatafanoyambo?
15 Eyambo likwao lehalo liwa olo ekwatafanoyambo olo tali hokololwa muLeviticus etukulwa 3 (OB-1986). Edina olo otali dulu yo okutolokwa “eyambo lombili.” MOshiheberi, oshitya “ombili” otashi ulike shihapu shi dulife ashike poku he na oita nomapiyaano. “MOmbibeli osho tashi ti ngaho, nosho yo onghalo ile ekwatafano lombili naKalunga, ehepuluko, ehafo nelao,” embo Studies in the Mosaic Institutions osho tali ti. Hano omakwatafanoyambo osho kwa li haa yambwa ngaho, hakushilipaleka ombili naKalunga, ngaashi oku mu loteka, ndele okuulika olupandu ile okutyapula omolwonghalo ya punikwa yombili naKalunga oyo hai hafelwa kwaavo va hokiwa kuye. Ovapristeri nosho yo nakuyamba okwa li hava kufa ombinga meyambo konima eshi ohonde nomakaadi a yambelwa Jehova. (Leviticus 3:17; 7:16-21; 19:5-8) Monghedi iwa noyopafaneko, nakuyamba, ovapristeri naJehova Kalunga okwa li tava li pamwe, osho tashi ulike ekwatafano lombili olo li li pokati kavo.
16. (a) Oshike sha li elalakano letimbayambo nosho yo elivelombediyambo? (b) Ongahelipi omayambo oo a yooloka ko kexwikiloyambo?
16 Omayambo oo a yambwa omolwediminepo letimba ile molwekwatakanifo omolwomatauluko Omhango okwa li a kwatela mo etimbayambo nelivelombediyambo. Nande omayambo aa okwa kwatela mo okuxwikila sha koaltari, okwa yooloka ko kexwikiloyambo molwaashi oshinamwenyo ashishe ihashi yambelwa Kalunga ndele omakaadi ashike nosho yo oitukulwa imwe yasho. Oshixupe shoshinamwenyo ohashi tulwa pondje yonhanda ile peemhito dimwe ohashi liwa po kovapristeri. Eyooloko eli otali ti sha. Exwikiloyambo okwa li hali yandjwa li li oshali oyo tai pewa Kalunga opo a pitike omunhu a ehene kuye, onghee hano alishe okwa li hali yambelwa po Kalunga aeke. Shihokwifa, exwikiloyambo okwa li hali tetekelwa ketimbayambo ile kelivelombediyambo, tashi ulike kutya opo oshali yanakunyona i tambulwe ko kuKalunga, ediminepo lomatimba okwa li la pumbiwa.—Leviticus 8:14, 18; 9:2, 3; 16:3, 5.
17, 18. Etimbayambo okwa li hali yandjelwa shike noshike sha li elalakano lomalivelombediyambo?
17 Etimbayambo okwa li hali tambulwa ashike omolwetimba lokutauluka Omhango shi he fi pashiningilewina, etimba la ningwa omolwounghundi wopambelela. “Umwe ngenge ta nyono omolwoungone oshipango shimwe shomoipango yOmwene, ndee ta ningi eshi ihashi ningwa,” opo nee nakunyona okwa li e na okuyamba exwikiloyambo la yeleka omufika waye moulikumwe. (Leviticus 4:2, 3, 22, 27) Mepingafano naasho, oonakunyona ovo inave livela ombedi okwa li hava kombwa mo; kapa li omayambo taa dulu okuningwa kuvo.—Exodus 21:12-15; Leviticus 17:10; 20:2, 6, 10; Numeri 15:30; Ovaheberi 2:2.
18 Eityo nosho yo elalakano lelivelombediyambo otali yelifwa nawa muLeviticus etukulwa 5 nosho yo 6. Omunhu otashi dulika a nyone shi he fi pashiningilewina. Natango nande ongaho, otashi dulika enyono laye la nyona oufemba womunhu mukwao ile waJehova Kalunga, nenyono olo oli na okuyukifwa. Omaludi amwe omanyono okwa tumbulwa. Amwe okwa li omanyono opaumwene (5:2-6), amwe okwa li omanyono e na sha ‘noinima oyo ya yapulilwa Omwene’ (5:14-16), namakwao, nande kae fi naanaa opashiningilewina, okwa li omanyono oo a ningwa omolwokahalu kai ile omolwomaunghundi opambelela (6:1-3). Kakele kokulivela ombedi shi na sha nomatimba a tya ngaha, nakunyona okwa li ha pulwa a fute osho sha nyonwa nopo nee ta yandje elivelombediyambo kuJehova.—Leviticus 6:4-7.
Osho shiwa oshi li komesho
19. Nande sha li shi na Omhango nomayambo ayo, omolwashike Israel sha dopa okukala sha hokiwa kuKalunga?
19 Omhango yaMoses pamwe nomayambo ayo mahapu, oya pewa Ovaisrael va dule okweehena kuKalunga opo va hokiwe kuye nokumona omanangeko noupuna aye fiyo Oludalo la udanekwa otali uya. Omuyapostoli Paulus, Omujuda kedalo, okwe shi popya ta ti ngaha: “Omhango ya ninga omutekuli wetu, i tu twale kuKristus, opo tu yukipalifwe keitavelo.” (Ovagalati 3:24) Mupya munene, Israel shi li oshiwana inashi linyenga kouteku oo ndele osha longifa ashike nai oufembanghenda oo. Onghee hano, onduba yomayambo avo oya nyanyalifa Jehova, oo a ti: “Ame onda nyonyodola komaxwikiloyambo eedi nomaadi outana va ondolwa. Ohonde yeemhedi noyeedi noyoikombo inandi i hala.”—Jesaja 1:11.
20. Oshike sha ningwa mo 70 O.P. shi na sha nOmhango nomayambo ayo?
20 Mo 70 O.P., onghalelo yoinima yOvajuda notembeli yavo osho yo oupristeri wavo owa xula po. Konima yaasho, omayambo oo taa ningwa monghedi ngaashi ya ulikwa mOmhango kakwa li vali taa shiiva. Mbela eshi otashi ti kutya omayambo, e li oshitukulwa sha fimana shOmhango, okwa kanifa eityo lao alishe kwaavo tava longele Kalunga kunena? Eshi ohatu ke shi konakona moshitukulwa tashi shikula.
[Omashangelo opedu]
a Insight on the Scriptures, la nyanyangidwa koWatchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc., otali yelifa: “Ngaashi sha longifwa mOmbibeli, ‘ekwatakanifo’ oli na ediladilo lopehovelo ‘lokutuvika’ ile ‘lokukumaana,’ naasho tashi yandjwa mokukumaana ile shi li ngaashi ‘oshituviko’ omolwoshinima shikwao oshi na okukala sha faafana nasho. . . . Opo ku ningwe ekwatakanifo li fike pwaasho sha kanifwa kuAdam, etimbayambo li na ongushu i fike pomwenyo womunhu wa wanenena oli na okuyandjwa.”
b Oshitya shOshiheberi osho luhapu hashi tolokwa “eyambo” osho qor·banʹ. Mokushanga etokolo laJesus okutokola oilonga yovanongo vomishangwa nOvafarisai yoku he na eenghedi, Markus ota fatulula kutya “korban” otashi ti ‘oshali ya pewa Kalunga.’—Markus 7:11, yelekanifa OB-1986.
[Efano pepandja 8]
Eyambo laAbel okwa li la hokiwa molwaashi ola ulika eitavelo laye meudaneko laJehova
[Efano pepandja 9]
Mbela ou udite ko tuu efimano laashi tashi ningwa apa?
[Efano pepandja 10]
Oto dulu okuyelifa?
• Oshike kwa li she linyengifa ovalumenhu vonale ovadiinini va yambele Jehova omayambo?
• Omolwashike omayambo kwa li a pumbiwa?
• Omaludi a fimana omayambo elipi kwa li a yambwa koshi yOmhango, nomalalakano ao okwa li shike?
• Pakupopya kwaPaulus, Omhango nomayambo ayo oya longa nelalakano lashike la fimana?