Kufunafuna Mitengo Yokongola Yakalekale

Yosimbidwa ndi mtolankhani wa “Galamukani!” ku New Zealand

MATABWA, makamaka a mitengo yosiyanasiyana konkuno, akupita kosoŵa kwambiri. M’zigawo zambiri padziko lapansi nkhalango zikusakazidwa modetsa nkhaŵa zedi. Kupereŵera kwa matabwa kukupangitsa mitengo kukwera mtengo kwabasi, pomwe kale mitengo inali chimodzi mwa zinthu zofunika ndiponso zosasoŵa padziko lapansi.

Zikudabwitsa kuti ku New Zealand kuno, mitengo ya radiata pine, yochita kubzala, yomwe inabwera m’ma 1930, ndiyo ikukula bwino, pomwe mitengo yakonkuno, monga ya rimu, kauri, beech, ndi kahikatea, ndiyo ikutha.

Kuyambira Kale Anthu Amakonda Mitengo Yolimba

Kwa zaka zikwizikwi, anthu akhala akukonda kugwiritsira ntchito matabwa kupangira zinthu zambirimbiri zofunika. Maonekedwe a mitengoyo, nyamanyama yake yosiyanasiyana, ngakhalenso fungo la mitengo yambiri, limasangalatsa anthu nthaŵi zonse. Zinthu zogwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana zakhutiritsa anthu kwa zaka zambiri, ndipo nthaŵi zina, kwa zaka mazana ambiri.

Kuyambira kale kwambiri, anthu akhala akugwiritsira ntchito mipando yamatabwa olimba m’nyumba zawo. Amuna ndi akazi, pogwiritsira ntchito zida zachikale, ankasonyeza luso ndi umisiri pokonza zinthu zofunika zonga matebulo, mbiya, migolo yavinyo, mabokosi osungiramo katundu, ndi mipando.

Sayansi yamakono yatheketsa kuti zinthu zimenezo zizikonzedwa mwamsanga kwambiri lerolino. Zida zamagetsi, zonga macheka, zida zoboolera matabwa, zida zosalazira matabwa, ndi zong’ambira matabwa, ngakhale kuti nzaphokoso, zimagwira ntchito bwino pokonza matabwa kukhala matebulo ndi mipando yamatabwa olimba. Maiko ambiri amanyada ndi makampani awo okonza zinthu zamatabwa kuti amakonza zinthu zamatabwa zambiri pamitengo yabwino.

Koma zinthu zoterozo kaŵirikaŵiri zimakhala zosalimba chifukwa mwina (1), Amagwiritsira ntchito zinthu zina m’malo mwa matabwa olimba (amatenga thabwa lolimba lopyapyala nkumata pamwamba pa thabwa losalimba), (2) pamafunikira makina achangu olumikizira matabwa mwaluso, kugwiritsira ntchito makina polumikiza ndi mawaya kapena misomali.

Kuyambiranso Kugwiritsira Ntchito Sompho

Chifukwa chakuti anthu akuganiza kuti makina amakono akuoneka ngati osakwanira, ena akuyesayesa kugwiritsiranso ntchito chida chakale chokonzera matabwa—sompho. Chida chimenecho amachifotokoza kuti “chida chonga nkhwangwa chokhala ndi mpeni wopindika mbali zonse ndipo amachigwiritsira ntchito makamakama kupindira matabwa.” Ku New Zealand, Amaori ankagwiritsira ntchito ma sompho opangidwa ndi mwala wa jade, kusemera mabwato ndi milongoti. Komabe, lero zida zimenezo za sompho, nzachitsulo.

M’zaka zambiri zapitazo, akalipentala ankagwiritsira ntchito sompho kupalira matabwa ndi kuwasalaza pomanga nyumba ndi sitima zapamadzi. Ankasalaza matabwa atawapana ndi mapazi awo, namagwiritsira ntchito mpeni wopindika wa sompho, kupala ndi kugoba matabwawo.

Chida Chinzake—Drawknife

Palinso chida china chofunika,—drawknife, chinzake cha sompho, chomwe chimathandizira kukongoletsa chinthu chimene chikukonzedwacho. Chimenecho amasalazira m’mphepete mwa matabwa kapena thabwa lonse. Zonsezo, drawknife ndi sompho zimayenera kukhala zakuthwa ngati lumo.

Mutangopeza zida zimenezo, kenako muyenera kupeza mitengo yabwino, ndiyeno mungapange chinthu chilichonse chimene mukufuna kukonza. Nchifukwa chake akalipentala amaona kuti masitayelo achikalekale opangira zinthu zamatabwa ngabwino kwambiri kuposa njira zamakono.

Matabwa ongochekedwa koma osasalazidwa, malinga ngati ali osapindika, mungakonzere mipando yolimba ndiponso yokongola. Matabwa oterowo mungawapeze pazinthu zosiyanasiyana: mipando yakale (mawadiropu, mahedibodi, matebulo), mabokosi akale osungiramo zinthu, ndi milimo ya nyumba zogumulidwa, ndi misanamira yakale yamipanda.

Matabwa Akale Akugwiritsidwanso Ntchito Ngati Atsopano

Matabwa akale amene sanadyedwe ndi chiswe kapena amene sanavunde, angakongolenso ngati atagwiridwa ndi katswiri.

Maŵanga, zibowo za misomali, ndi kukumbikakumbika zimapangitsa matabwa akale kusaonekanso bwino ngati mukufuna kuwagwiritsiranso ntchito. Mutachisiya chili m’maonekedwe ake achilengedwe kapena kuchipaka mankhwala, chinthu chanu chokonzedwa ndi manja anuanu chingakukhutiritseni ndi kukusangalatsani monga chinthu china chopangidwa bwino ndi chokhalitsa.

Monga mmene zilili ndi mlimi yemwe amalima panthaka, woumba mbiya yemwe amakanya dothi, ndi woluka ulusi, kalipentalanso yemwe amakhoma matabwa namagwiritsira ntchito sompho kapena drawknife, amaona kuti zimampindulitsa. Indedi, ndi ntchito yovuta, ndiponso imatenga nthaŵi yaitali kuposa mmene zikanakhalira ndi njira yamakono. Komabe, mukadziŵa kuti ntchito yanu idzakukhutiritsani kwambiri ndi kutinso mipando yanu idzagwira ntchito kwa zaka zambiri kwa munthu amene adzaigulayo, mudzakhala ndi chimwemwe chimene anthu ena akhala nacho kuyambira kale, pantchito yopala matabwa.

Maluso Ake

Sompho simungaigwiritsire ntchito pamatabwa ena alionse. Nthaw̃i zambiri sompho imalephera kudula nkhosi za m’matabwa olimba opezeka m’madera ofunda. Kaŵirikaŵiri, matabwa ofeŵa ndi osalala amapalika mosavuta ndi sompho. Ziphudu zisakuvutitseni. Mutamagwiritsira ntchito chisel, mungagobe ziphuduzo, mutatero ndiye kuti mungapange duŵa lina lokongola pathabwa limene mukukonzalo.

Matabwa ena ooneka bwino kwambiri amakhala aja amene amachekedwa pamtima penipeni pa mtengo. Zinthu zopangidwa ndi matabwa amenewo si kaŵirikaŵiri kufuna kupakidwa vanishi. Komabe, ngati mukufuna kuti mupake thabwa lanu mankhwala kuti lisiyane ndi thabwa wamba, pali mankhwala a mitundu yambiri amene mungakonde.

Kachitidwe kameneka sikodya ndalama kwambiri. Ena amapaka mafuta a galimoto pathabwa lofiira kapena loyera, ndipo amaona kuti zimenezo zimakongoletsa chinthucho.

Ngati chinthu mwapangacho mukufuna kuchipaka mankhwala ochiŵalitsa, pali mitundu yambiri ya mankhwala otchedwa polyurethanes kapena otchedwa lacquers, omwe mungawawaze kapena kuwapaka pamipandoyo. Tsopano kuti mupake mipando yanu mankhwala omwe adzaikongoletsa m’malo moiwononga, mungapake mafuta opangidwa ndi mitundu yotsatirayi: zitini zisanu za vinegar, zitini zinayi za turpentine, zitini ziŵiri za linseed oil, ndi chitini chimodzi cha methylated spirits. Sakanizani phula lanjuchi m’mafutawo, ndiyeno muzisiye ziloŵerere m’matabwawo kwa masiku angapo.

Umisiri Wokhutiritsa

Mipando yamatabwa olimba imene mwapanga ndi manja anuanu idzakhala yochititsa kaso nthaŵi zonse mutaiika pamalo amene mumakonda m’nyumba mwanu, ngakhale ikhale yaing’ono motani. Padziko lonse lapansi, m’nyumba zikuluzikulu ndi zing’onozing’ono, munthu angaone zitsanzo zambirimbiri zamipando yakale zedi, yopangidwa ndi anthu. Zimenezo zimachitira umboni wakuti anthuwo anali aluso, akhama, ndi oleza mtima. Iwo ankapeza chimwemwe ndi kukhutira ndi ntchito yawo chifukwa chopanga zinthu zimene kukongola kwake kumakhala kwachikhalire ngati zikusamalidwa bwino. Ndipo munthu payekha ankadzimva kuti wachitapodi kanthu pakukongoletsa m’nyumba.

M’nyengo ino imene anthu akulimbikira kupanga zinthu zapulasitiki, mitengo monga mphatso imene Mlengi wathu anatipatsa, idakagwirabe ntchito zambiri zofunika. Luso lina lapadera limene tingasonyeze pogwiritsira ntchito mitengo monga mphatso yopatsidwa ndi Mulungu, ndilo kupala matabwa amene amakopa mmisiri wakhama kuwasandutsa mipando yokongola yamatabwa.

[Zithunzi patsamba 23]

Rimu

Tawa

Oak

Radiata pine waziphuduziphudu

Pine wopaka vanishi

Pine wopaka mafuta

Pine wofiira

[Zithunzi patsamba 24]

Kugwiritsira ntchito sompho ndi drawknife

[Chithunzi patsamba 25]

Kabati yopangidwa pamanja

[Chithunzi patsamba 25]

Shelefu