Chaputala 9
Pangano la Mulungu ndi “Bwenzi” Lake Likupindulitsa Kale Mamiliyoni Ambiri
1, 2. (a) Kodi ndiunansi waubwenzi wotani umene wayamba kale kugwira ntchito kaamba ka phindu la mamiliyoni? (b) Kodi nchifukwa ninji Abrahamu anali wokhoza kukhala bwenzi la Mulungu?
ZOPOSA zaka 1 950 bwenzi lowona la anthu onse linati: “Palibe ali nacho chikondi choposa ichi, chakuti munthu ataya moyo wake chifukwa cha abwenzi ake.” (Yohane 15:13) Wolankhulayo, Yesu, anali mbadwa ya mwamuna wina amene anali kutchedwa bwenzi la Munthu wapadera koposa m’chilengedwe chonse, Yehova Mulungu. Unansi waubwenzi umenewu, ngakhale kuli kwakuti ungawonekere kukhala waukulu kwambiri, wayamba kale kupindulitsa mamiliyoni ambiri.
2 Kodi mwamuna wakale amene anatipezera zambiri motere chifukwa cha ubwenzi wake ndi Mulunguyo anali ndani? Iye anali Abrahamu, mbadwa ya mwamuna wina Semu, amene anali mmodzi wa opulumuka Chigumula cha dziko lonse cha tsiku la Nowa. Abrahamu analoŵa muunansi ndi Mulungu, akumasonyeza mikhalidwe ya bwenzi lowona. Mosonkhezeredwa ndi chikondi ndi chikhulupiriro, Abrahamu anachita mogwirizana ndi chifuniro cha Mulungu, ndipo kaamba ka chifukwa chimenechi wolemba Baibulo Yakobo amati: “Anakwaniridwa malembo onenaŵa, Ndipo Abrahamu anakhulupirira Mulungu, ndipo kudaŵerengeredwa kwa iye chilungamo; ndipo anatchedwa bwenzi la Mulungu.”—Yakobo 2:23.
3, 4. (a) Kodi nchiyani chimene chimalongosola mwafanizo mmene Yehova amaŵerengera kwambiri chikhulupiriro ndi chidaliro zimene Abrahamu anaika mwa iye? (b) Kodi ndimwamawu otani amene Yehova akuchititsira mawu a pa Yesaya 41:8 kufika pachimake penipeni?
3 Mwamuna wa chikhulupiriro ndi ntchito ameneyo anachokera kumzinda wa Uri wa kwa Akaldayo, ndipo anali woyamba kutchedwa Mhebri. (Genesis 14:13) Dzina limenelo linagwiritsiridwa ntchito kumbadwa zake zamtundu wa Israyeli. (Afilipi 3:5) Chifukwa cha kupanga Abrahamu kukhala bwenzi lake, Yehova Mulungu anamloŵetsanso m’zina za nkhani zake zaumwini. Zimenezi zasonyezedwa mwa zimene zalembedwa m’Genesis 18:17-19.
4 Zimenezo zikulongosola mwafanizo mmene Yehova anayamikirira kwambiri chikhulupiriro ndi chidaliro zimene Abrahamu anaika mwa iye, zikumachititsa Abrahamu kumvera kosaŵiringula. Chotero popanda kuchita manyazi kapena kunong’oneza bondo, Yehova anachititsa mawu ake kumtundu wa Israyeli kufika pachimake mwakunena kuti: “Koma iwe, Israyeli, mtumiki wanga, Yakobo, amene ndinakusankha, mbewu ya Abrahamu bwenzi langa.”—Yesaya 41:8.
Pangano la Abrahamu Liyamba Kugwira Ntchito
5, 6. (a) Kodi ndipangano lotani limene Yehova anapanga ndi bwenzi lake Abrahamu? (b) Kodi Mulungu anachita pangano ndi bwenzi lake lonena za “mbewu” pansi pa mikhalidwe yotsutsa yotani?
5 Mlingo umene chomangira cha munthu ndi bwenzi lake lachikondi ungamtsogolereko ukusonyezedwa ndi chenicheni chakuti Wolamulira wachilengedwe chonse, Yehova, anachita pangano ndi munthu wamba ameneyu, Abrahamu. Pa Genesis 15:18 timaŵerenga kuti: “Tsiku lomwelo Yehova anapanga chipangano ndi Abramu [Abrahamu], nati, Ndidzapatsa mbewu zako dziko iri, kuyambira panyanja ya Aigupto kufikira panyanja yaikulu, nyanja ya Firate.”
6 Firate unali mtsinje umene Abrahamu ndi banja lake anaoloka poloŵa m’Dziko Lolonjezedwa. Panthaŵi ya kuuwoloka, Abrahamu analibe mwana, ngakhale kuli kwakuti panthaŵiyo anali atafika msinkhu wa zaka 75, ndipo mkazi wake anali atapitirira msinkhu wa kubala ana. (Genesis 12:1-5) Komabe, mkati mwa mikhalidwe yovutitsa imeneyo, Mulungu anati kwa Abrahamu womverayo: “Tayang’anatu kumwamba, uŵerenge nyenyezi, ngati ukhoza kuziŵerenga zimenezo: . . . zoterozo zidzakhala mbewu zako.”—Genesis 15:2-5.
7. (a) Kodi pangano limeneli likutchedwa chiyani? (b) Kodi ndim’chaka chiti pamene linayamba kugwira ntchito ndipo nchochitika chotani m’moyo wa Abrahamu? (c) Kodi zimenezo zinali zaka zingati pangano Lachilamulo lisanachitidwe ndi mtundu wa Israyeli?
7 Pangano limene Yehova anachita ndi “bwenzi” lake tikulitcha pangano la Abrahamu. Pangano limenelo linayamba kugwira ntchito mu 1943 B.C.E. pamene Abrahamu anachita mogwirizana ndi zofunika za pangano la Mulungu ndi kuoloka Firate pa ulendo wake womka ku Dziko Lolonjezedwa. M’chaka chimenecho Yehova Mulungu anakakamizika kudalitsa Abrahamu wopanda mwana kukhala ndi “mbewu.” Lamulo la pangano lochitidwa ndi mtundu wa Israyeli pa Phiri la Sinai linadzakhalako zaka 430 pambuyo pake, mu 1513 B.C.E.—Genesis 12:1-7; Eksodo 24:3-8.
Pangano Lachilamulo Liwonjezeredwa ku Pangano la Abrahamu
8. (a) Kodi nchiyani chimene chinali chifuno cha pangano Lachilamulo? (b) Kodi pangano Lachilamulo linathetsa pangano la Abrahamu?
8 Podzafika nthaŵiyo, mbadwa za Abrahamu kupyolera mwa mwana wake Isake zidali anthu aufulu. Mtundu wa Israyeli unali utalanditsidwa ku Igupto ndipo unali utatsogozedwa kumka ku Phiri la Sinai m’Arabiya. Kupyolera mwa Mose monga mtetezi, kumeneko iwo analoŵetsedwa m’pangano Lachilamulo ndi Yehova Mulungu. Popeza kuti Aisrayeli amenewo anali kale mbadwa zakuthupi za Abrahamu, “bwenzi” la Yehova, kodi kwenikweni nchiyani chimene chinali chifuno cha pangano la Chilamulo? Linali kudzatumikira monga chinjirizo kwa anthu osankhidwa a Yehova. Pangano la Chilamulo silinathetse pangano la Abrahamu, ngakhale kuli kwakuti linasonyeza mtundu wa Israyeli kukhala ndi liwongo la kuswa chilamulo changwiro cha Mulungu.—Agalatiya 3:19-23.
9, 10. (a) Kodi ndimotani mmene mbadwa zonse za Abrahamu zinalingalirira “mbewu” mwa imene mitundu yonse ikadzidalitsira? (b) Kodi kuganiza kwawo kwatsimikizira kukhala kolama?
9 Mophiphiritsira, Aisrayeli anakhala “ana” a pangano la Chilamulo. Iwo analingalira kuti chifukwa chakuti iwo anali ana achibadwidwe a Abrahamu, mwa iko kokha anafikira kukhala “mbewu” mwa imene mitundu yonse ikadzidalitsa. Kodi zimenezi zatsimikizira kukhala choncho? Ayi! Lerolino, pafupifupi zaka 3 500 pambuyo pake, tikuwona Ripabuliki la Israyeli wakuthupi wodzilamulira, koma iye akumenyera nkhondo kupeza chipambano pakati pa mitundu yambiri yankhalwe.
10 Motero kuti munthu akhale wotembenuka Wachiyuda lerolino ndi cholinga chakuti mwa kutero akhale mbali ya “mbewu” ya Abrahamu yodalitsira mbali yotsala ya anthu onse siiri njira ya Yehova. Pamenepa, kodi nchiyani chimene chachitika?
11. Kodi mtumwi Paulo anafotokoza motani zimene zinachitika kumbadwa zakuthupi za Abrahamu?
11 Mtumwi Paulo akutifotokozera nkhaniyi, mwakumati: “Pakuti palembedwa, kuti Abrahamu anali nawo ana aamuna aŵiri, mmodzi wobadwa mwa mdzakazi [Hagara], ndi mmodzi wobadwa mwa mfulu [Sara]. Komatu uyo wa mdzakazi anabadwa monga mwa thupi; koma iye wa mfuluyo, anabadwa monga mwa lonjezano. Izo ndizo zophiphiritsa; pakuti akaziŵa ali mapangano aŵiri, mmodzi wa ku phiri la Sinai, akubalira ukapolo, ndiye Hagara. Koma Hagara ndiye phiri la Sinai, m’Arabiya, nafanana ndi Yerusalemu watsopano; pakuti ali mu ukapolo pamodzi ndi anake. Koma Yerusalemu wakumwamba uli waukulu, ndiwo amayi ŵathu.”—Agalatiya 4:22-26.
12. Kodi mdzakazi Hagara anaphiphiritsira yani?
12 Yerusalemu amene mdzakazi Hagara anayenerana naye anali wapadziko lapansi, pokhala wokhalidwa ndi Ayuda akuthupi. M’masiku a Yesu Kristu, anali likulu la mtundu wa Israyeli ndipo anali m’pangano Lachilamulo. (Mateyu 23:37, 38) Pamene kuli kwakuti pangano Lachilamulo lotetezeredwa ndi Mose linali kugwirabe ntchito, Israyeli wakuthupi anali mbali yowoneka ya gulu la Yehova. Motero likaphiphiritsiridwa ndi mkazi, ndi Hagara mdzakazi wa Sara.
Ana Owona a Pangano la Abrahamu
13. (a) Kodi mkazi wa Abrahamu Sara, amayenerana ndi yani? (b) Kodi nchifukwa ninji “Yerusalemu wakumwamba” angatchedwe “waufulu”?
13 Kumbali ina, “Yerusalemu wakumwamba” anali gulu lakumwamba losawoneka la Yehova. Moyenerera, likaphiphiritsiridwa ndi mkazi, ndi Sara, mkazi weniweni wa Abrahamu. Pangano Lachilamulo silinachitidwe ndi gulu limeneli, chotero “Yerusalemu wakumwamba” anali waufulu, mofanana ndi Sara wakale. Limeneli liri gulu limene limabala “mbewu” yolonjezedwa, ndipo ndicho chifukwa chake mtumwi Paulo akanalitcha “amayi ŵathu.”
14. Kodi pangano la Abrahamu limagwira ntchito ku “Yerusalemu wakumwamba,” ndipo chifukwa chake kodi ophunzira obadwa ndi mzimu a Yesu Kristu angatchedwe chiyani?
14 Pamenepo, kwenikweni, pangano la Abrahamu limagwira ntchito kwa iye monga mkazi wophiphiritsira wa Abrahamu Wamkulu, inde, gulu la chilengedwe chonse la Yehova konko kumiyamba. Mofananamo ophunzira obadwa ndi mzimu a Yesu Kristu ali, mofanana ndi mtumwi Paulo, ana aamuna, kapena ana, a pangano la Abrahamu. Paulo akupitirizabe kusonyeza zimenezo, mwa kumati:
15. Kodi nchiyani chimene mtumwi Paulo adanena pa Agalatiya 4:27-31 ponena za “ana” a pangano la Abrahamu?
15 “Pakuti kwalembedwa, Kondwera, chumba iwe wosabala; Imba nthungululu, nufuule iwe wosamva kuŵaŵa kwa kubala; pakuti ana ake a iye ali mbeta achuluka koposa ana a iye ali naye mwamuna. Koma ife, abale, monga Isake, tiri ana a lonjezano. Komatu monga pompaja iye wobadwa monga mwa thupi anazunza wobadwa monga mwa mzimu, momwemonso tsopano. Koma lembo linena chiyani? Taya kubwalo mdzakazi ndi mwana wake, pakuti sadzaloŵa nyumba mwana wa mdzakazi pamodzi ndi mwana wa mfulu. Chifukwa chake, abale, sitiri ana amdzakazi, komatu a mfulu.”—Agalatiya 4:27-31; Yesaya 54:1.
16. Kodi chochitika chophiphiritsira cha nthaŵi zakale chidaneneratu chiyani ponena za pangano Lachilamulo, kodi chimenechi chinasiya chiyani?
16 Motero chochitika chophiphiritsira chimenecho cha nthaŵi zakale chidaneneratu kuti Yehova Mulungu, Abrahamu Wamkulu, akachotsa pangano Lachilamulo limene likapanganidwa ndi Israyeli pa Phiri la Sinai. Mwa njira iyi chowonjezeredwacho (pangano Lachilamulo) ku pangano la Abrahamu chikachotsedwa, kapena kufafanizidwa, kusiya pangano la Abrahamu lokha limodzi ndi lonjezo la “mbewu” mwa imene mabanja onse a dziko lapansi akadzidalitsa.
17. (a) Kodi pangano Lachilamulo linali kudzapitiriza kwa utali wotani? (b) Kodi nchifukwa ninji Yesu Kristu anali mbewu yaikulu ya Abrahamu? (c) Kodi kukhala kwa Yesu Woimira Wamkulu wa Mulungu kaamba ka kudalitsidwa kwa mabanja onse a dziko lapansi kunadalira pa chiyani?
17 Motero pangano Lachilamulo lowonjezeredwa linali kudzapitirizabe kufikira “mbewu” yolonjezedwa ikadza, ndipo imeneyi inatsimikizira kukhala Yesu Kristu. Mwa chozizwitsa cha Mulungu, iye anafikira kukhala mbadwa yakuthupi ya Abrahamu. Iye anafikira kukhala mbewu yaikulu ya kholo limenelo. Sikokha kuti iye anali mbewu yakuthupi ya Abrahamu koma anali Mwana wa Mulungu, ndipo motero anali munthu wangwiro, amene anakhala “woyera mtima, wopanda choipa, wosadetsedwa, wosiyana ndi ochimwa.” (Ahebri 7:26) Komabe, kukhala kwake Woimira Wamkulu wa Mulungu wodaliritsira mabanja onse a dziko lapansi kunadalira pa kupereka kwake nsembe moyo wangwiro waumunthu ndi kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa mtengo wa moyowo mmalo mwa anthu onse. Mwa kudzipereka kotero, iye akatumikira monga Mkulu wa Ansembe wamkulu wa Yehova, wopereka nsembe imene inakwaniritsa zofunika zonse za Mulungu.
Pangano Lachilamulo Linakhomereredwa Pamtengo Wozunzirapo wa Yesu
18. (a) Kodi mapindu ansembe ya dipo anali kudzaperekedwa kwa ayani choyamba, ndipo chifukwa ninji? (b) Kodi Yesu akakhala chiyani?
18 Mapindu a nsembe ya dipo imeneyi akaperekedwa choyamba kwa mtundu Wachiyuda, umene Yesu anali membala wake mwa kubadwa kwake kozizwitsa kupyolera mwa namwali Mariya. Zimenezi zinali zofunika kwambiri, chifukwa chakuti Ayuda anali pansi pa themberero la imfa loŵirikiza kaŵiri. Motani? Choyamba, iwo anali mbadwa za Adamu wochimwayo, ndipo chachiŵiri, chifukwa cha kupanda ungwiro kwawo, iwo anali atakhala otembereredwa mwa kulephera kukhala ndi moyo mogwirizana ndi pangano Lachilamulo ndi Mulungu. Komabe, Yesu anafikira kukhala themberero mmalo mwawo. Mwa kukhomereredwa pamtengo wozunzirapo kufikira imfa, anali wokhoza kuchotsa themberero pa “nkhosa zotayika za nyumba ya Israyeli.” Mu 33 C.E., pangano Lachilamulo linakhomereredwa pamtengo wozunzirapo wa Yesu, ndipo khola la nkhosa Lachiyuda lokhala m’pangano Lachilamulo kwakanthaŵi linatsekedwa, kuchotsedwa.—Mateyu 15:24; Agalatiya 3:10-13; Akolose 2:14.
19. (a) Kodi ndikhola la nkhosa latsopano lotani limene linafunikira kutsegulidwa, ndipo kodi linali nchiyani? (b) Chifukwa chake kodi oloŵetsedwa m’khola la nkhosa latsopano amafikira kukhala chiyani?
19 Chotero khola la nkhosa latsopano linafunikira kutsegulidwa kuti mukhale nkhosa zauzimu za Mbusa Wabwino woukitsidwayo, Yesu Kristu. Mbusa Wabwino wodziperekayo alinso khomo la khola la nkhosa latsopano limeneli. (Yohane 10:7) Awo oloŵetsedwa m’khola la nkhosa latsopano limeneli mwa Mbusa Wabwino amafikira kukhala ana obadwa ndi mzimu a Abrahamu Wamkulu ndipo motero amakhala mbali ya “mbewu” Yake. (Aroma 2:28, 29) Mogwirizana ndi chowonadi chimenechi, mkati mwa masiku omaliza ano otsalira a “mbewu” yauzimu imeneyo akhala akutumikira monga dalitso kwa anthu mamiliyoni owonjezerekawonjezereka m’maiko oposa 200.
[Chithunzi pamasamba 80, 81]
Pangano Lachilamulo cha Mose lochitidwa pa Phiri la Sinai linatha pamene linakhomereredwa pamtengo wozunzirapo limodzi ndi Yesu