Yesu​—Kodi Iye Ndani?

ZOLEMBEDWA za kudziko zomwe zimalankhula za Yesu ndi zochepa. Ngakhale kuli tero, zina ziripodi, ndipo ponena za izo The Encyclopædia Britannica yanena kuti: “Mbiri zodziimira pazokha zimenezi zimatsimikizira kuti m’nthaŵi zakale ngakhale otsutsa Chikristu sanakaikire nkomwe mbiri yakale ya Yesu, yomwe inatsutsidwa kwa nthaŵi yoyamba ndipo pa maziko osakwanira ndi akonzi ambiri pamapeto pa zana la 18, mkati mwa zana la 19, ndi kumayambiriro kwa zana la 20.”

Tsopano dzifunseni inu eni, Ngati kukhalapo kwa Yesu kuli nthano, kodi chiri chachidziŵikire kuti iyo ikanakhalapo kufikira m’zana la 18 kaamba ka ichi kuti chipezedwe? Ndiponso lingalirani chenicheni chakuti anthu oposa biliyoni tsopano amadzinenera kukhala atsatiri a Yesu. Chisonkhezero chimene ziphunzitso zake zakhala nacho pa mwambo, maphunziro, ndi boma​—pa njira yonse ya mbiri ya dziko​—sichingakanidwe. Kodi chikuwoneka kukhala chanzeru kuti zonsezi zakhala chotulukapo cha chinachake chosakhala chenicheni kuposa nthano chabe?

Ngati muyambitsi wa Chisilamu, mneneri wa chiArab Muhammad, anali munthu weniweni, ndi chifukwa chotsimikizirika chotani chimene tiri nacho cha kukhulupirira kuti Yesu Kristu, muyambitsi wa Chikristu, sanali? Iye angakhale anakhalako zaka zina 600 asanakhaleko Muhammad, koma dziŵani kuti muyambitsi wa chiBuddha, Siddhārtha Gautama​—m’Buddha, kapena “Wowunikiridwayo”​—anakhalako kumayambiriro kwenikweni, zoposa zaka 500 asanakhaleko Yesu. Komabe, ngati Buddha anali munthu weniweni, ndi chifukwa chotsimikizirika chotani chimene tiri nacho cha kukhulupirira kuti Yesu sanali?

Katswiri wa mbiri yakale ndi zinthu zofotseredwa pansi wa chiGerman Hans Einsle akulemba kuti wodziŵa mbiri wa Chiyuda Flavius Josephus, alembi Achiroma Suetonius ndi Pliny, ndipo makamaka katswiri wa mbiri yakale Wachiroma Tacitus “onse amatsimikizira mbiri yakale ya Yesu ndi nsonga zenizeni za moyo wake.”

Woposa Kokha Munthu Wamba?

Yesu anakhalako​—koma monga chiyani? Anthu ena amatsutsa kuti iye anali kokha munthu wamba, ngakhale kuti amavomereza kuti angakhale analidi munthu wanzeru koposa, wodzipereka ku kulankhula chowonadi. Ngakhale adani ake a m’zana loyamba anatsimikizira mowonjezereka, akumanena kuti: “Mphunzitsi, tidziŵa . . . simuyang’ana nkhope ya munthu, koma muphunzitsa njira ya Mulungu mowona.”​—Marko 12:13, 14.

Ena, ngakhale kuli tero, amalingalira kuti Yesu ayenera kukhala anali woposa kokha munthu wamba. Nchifukwa ninji? Chifukwa, kaamba ka chinthu chimodzi, iye anachita zinthu zimene anthu wamba sakanachita. Mwachitsanzo, kodi munayamba mwakumanapo ndi munthu wina wokhoza kuyenda pamadzi, kusintha madzi kukhala vinyo, kudyetsa chifupifupi anthu 5,000 ndi tinsomba tiŵiri ndi mikate isanu ya tirigu, kuchiritsa akhungu, kapena kuwukitsa akufa?​—Mateyu 14:25, 26; Marko 8:22-25; Yohane 2:1-11; 6:1-13; 11:30-44.

Yesu akakhozanso kudziŵa zinthu zimene anthu wamba sangadziŵe. Pamene mkazi anamuuza iye kuti analibe mwamuna, Yesu anayankha: “Wanena bwino, ‘Kuti mwamuna ndiribe.’ Pakuti wakhala nawo amuna asanu, ndipo iye amene ukhala naye tsopano sali mwamuna wako.” Atadabwitsidwa, mkaziyo anamaliza kuti: “Ambuye, ndizindikira kuti muli mneneri.” (Yohane 4:16-19) Kaamba ka chitsanzo cha kuwoneratu za mtsogolo kodabwitsa kwa Yesu ponena za kukanidwa kwake ndi Petro, onani Luka 22:31-34, 54-62.

Yesu anali ndi ulamuliro wachilendo. Anthu “anazizwa ndi chiphunzitso chake, pakuti anaphunzitsa monga mwini mphamvu, si monga alembi.” (Marko 1:22) M’kuwonjezerapo, Yesu anali wokhoza kupatsa “ophunzira ake khumi ndi aŵiri . . . mphamvu pa mizimu yoipa, ya kuitulutsa ndi ya kuchiza nthenda iriyonse ndi zofooka zonse.”​—Mateyu 10:1.

Kodi Tingakhulupirire Maripotiwo?

‘Koma tayembekezani pang’ono,’ inu mungatero. ‘Kodi sichingakhale chakuti tsatanetsatane wonena za zimene Yesu anachita wakhala wongowonjezeredwako?’ Osati mogwirizana ndi F. F. Bruce, profesa wosiya kugwira ntchito wa Biblical Criticism and Exegesis pa Yunivesiti ya Manchester, yemwe akulemba kuti: “Sichiri chothekera kaŵirikaŵiri kuchitira chitsanzo ndi m’tsutsano wa mbiri yakale chowonadi cha tsatanetsatane aliyense m’zolembedwa zakale, kaya mkati kapena kunja kwa Baibulo. Chiri chokwanira kukhala ndi chidaliro chokhutiritsa m’kukhulupirika kwachisawawa kwa wolembayo; ngati chimenecho chakhazikitsidwa, pali kuthekera kotsimikizirika kwakuti tsatanetsatane wake ali wowona. . . . Chipangano Chatsopano sichiri mochepera chosayenerera kukhala chodalirika m’mbiri yakale chifukwa Akristu amachilandira icho monga bukhu ‘lopatulika.’”

Chirichonse chimalankhula ponena za kukhulupirika kwa olemba Uthenga Wabwino. Ngakhale kuti iwo amasiyana pa nthaŵi zina m’kaperekedwe kawo ka tsatanetsatane, iwo samatsutsana wina ndi mnzake, mongadi momwe mboni ziŵiri ku ngozi ya pa msewu sizimatsutsana wina ndi mnzake pamene wina anena kuti galimoto yofiira yobwera kuchokera kulamanzere inagunda galimoto yobiriwira yochokera kulamanja, pamene kuli kwakuti winayo anganene kuti Mercedes yopita kum’mwera inagunda Renault yopita kumpoto. Chenicheni chakuti Mauthenga Abwinowo amasiyana mochepera m’tsatanetsatane chimasonyeza mwamphamvu kuti iwo ali owona. Ngati alembiwo anafuna kunyenga anthu kukhulupirira nthano, iwo ndithudi akanagwirizanitsa mwathithithi nkhani zawo.

Ngakhale adani a Yesu anachirikiza maripoti onena za iye kukhala owona. Timaŵerenga kuti: “Anabwera naye kwa iye munthu wosalankhula wogwidwa ndi chiwanda; ndipo mmene chinatulutsidwa chiwandacho wosalankhulayo analankhula. . . . Koma Afarisi anali nkunena: ‘Atulutsa ziwanda ndi mphamvu zake za mfumu ya ziwanda.’” (Mateyu 9:32-34) Dziŵani kuti Afarisi sanakane kuti Yesu anachita chozizwitsa. Iwo anangokana kokha kupereka chiyamikiro ku kuthekera kwake kwa kuchita tero m’kugwira ntchito kwa mzimu woyera wa Mulungu.

Umboni wowonjezereka wakuti zolembera zonena za Yesu ziri zowona uli chenicheni chakuti ngati maprinsipulo ophatikizidwa m’ziphunzitso zake atsatiridwa, iwo kwenikweni amagwiradi ntchito. Iwo amatulukamo m’kukhala ndi moyo kwa chipambano ndi chimwemwe. Kuwonjezerapo, maulosi ambiri a nthaŵi yaitali onenedwa ndi Yesu, onga ngati awo olembedwa mu Mateyu mutu 24, Marko mutu 13, ndi Luka mutu 21, awona kukwaniritsidwa kwawo m’tsiku lathu.

Yesu​—“Yehova wa Chipangano Chakale”?

Mwachidziŵikire, Yesu sanali munthu wamba. Iye anali wapadera chifukwa, monga momwe Baibulo limatiwuzira ife, iye anasangalala ndi moyo kumwamba asanabwere pa dziko lapansi. (Yohane 6:38, 62) Iye chotero anali ndi chidziŵitso ndi kuthekera koposa kuja kwa anthu wamba. Ichi chimathandiza kulongosola zozizwitsa zake ndi nzeru zake zapadera.

Koma kodi kukhalapo kwa Yesu asanakhale munthu kumatanthauza kuti iye anali Mulungu? Bukhu la m’manja la mphunzitsi limapanga kudzinenera kumeneko, likumanena kuti: “Paliponse pamene Yesu analozera kwa Iyemwini monga ‘Ine Ndine’ . . . , Iye anadzizindikiritsa Iyemwini monga Yehova wa Chipangano Chakale.” Kodi ichi nchowona?

Mogwirizana ndi kalembedwe ka King James Version ka Eksodo 3:13, 14, Mose anafunsa kuti: “Ndikafika ine kwa ana a Israyeli, ndi kunena nawo, Mulungu wa makolo anu wandituma ine kwa inu; ndipo akakanena ndi ine, Dzina lake ndani? ndikanena chiyani kwa iwo? Ndipo Mulungu anati kwa Mose, INE NDINE YEMWE NDIRI INE: ndipo anati, ukatero ndi ana a Israyeli, INE NDINE wandituma kwa inu.” Ponena za lemba limeneli, The Pentateuch and Haftorahs (Lemba la Chihebri ndi matembenuzidwe a Chingelezi ndi kuvumbulutsidwa, lolembedwa ndi Dr. J. H. Hertz) limanena kuti m’mawu akuti “Ine ndine yemwe ndiri . . . chigogomezero chiri pa kuwonetsera kokangalika kwa kukhalapo kwa Umulungu.” Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwake monga dzina la ulemu kapena dzina kaamba ka Mulungu kunali chotero koyenerera chifukwa mwa kuwawombola iwo kuchokera ku ukapolo wa ku Igupto, Mulungu anali pafupi kuwonetsera kukhalapo kwake m’malo mwa anthu ake m’njira yowonekera mwapadera. Hertz akunena kuti “amakono ambiri amatsatira Rashi [wochitira ndemanga wodziŵika wa m’zaka zapakati wa Chifrench wa Baibulo ndi Talmud] m’kulemba kwakuti ‘Ndidzakhala yemwe ndidzakhala.’” Ichi chimagwirizana ndi kalembedwe ka New World Translation, imene imaŵerenga kuti: “NDIDZATSIMIKIZIRA KUKHALA YEMWE NDIDZATSIMIKIZIRA KUKHALA.”

Pa Yohane 8:58, kachiŵirinso King James Version iri ndi Yesu akugwiritsira ntchito mawu akuti “Ine ndine” m’chigwirizano ndi iyemwini, akumanena kuti, “Asanakhaleko Abrahamu, Ine ndine.” Koma pano kalongosoledweko kali kosiyana kwambiri kuchokera ku kamene kagwiritsiridwa ntchito pa Eksodo 3:14. Yesu sanagwiritsire ntchito iko monga dzina kapena dzina la ulemu koma kokha monga njira ya kulongosolera kukhalapo kwake asanakhale munthu. Chotero, mogwirizana ndi New World Translation, kalembedwe kolondola koposa ka Yohane 8:58 kali: “Asanakhaleko Abrahamu, Ine ndinaliko.”

Mwachimvekere, palibe maziko a Malemba omwe alipo kaamba ka kudzinenera kwakuti Yesu ali wofanana ndi Yehova wa Malemba Achihebri. Ngakhale bukhu la m’manja la mphunzitsi lomwe lagwidwa kale mawu limavomereza kuti: “Kuti Kristu anakhalapo kusanadze kubadwa Kwake mu Betelehemu mwa iko kokha sikumatsimikizira kuti Iye anali Mulungu (Iye akanakhalako monga mngelo).” M’chenicheni, ichi n’chimene Baibulo limaphunzitsa. M’kukhalako kwake asanakhale munthu, Yesu anali “ka mulungu,” kapena waumulungu, koma iye sanali Mulunguyo, Mulungu Wamphamvuyonse Yehova.​—Yohane 1:1-3; 1 Atesalonika 4:16, NW.

Popeza iye sali Mulungu, kokha ndani amene Yesu ali?

[Zithunzi patsamba 5]

Zozizwitsa za Yesu zinatsimikizira kuti iye anali woposa munthu wamba