Anadedwa Chifukwa cha Chikhulupiriro Chawo

“Adzada inu anthu onse chifukwa cha dzina langa.”​—MATEYU 10:22.

1, 2. Kodi mungasimbe zina za zochitika zenizeni zimene Mboni za Yehova zapirirapo chifukwa chosonyeza zikhulupiriro zawo zachipembedzo?

WOGULITSA m’sitolo wina ku chilumba cha Crete anamangidwapo nthaŵi zambirimbiri ndipo anaonekera mobwerezabwereza m’makhoti achigiriki. Kuphatikiza zonse pamodzi, anakhala m’ndende, kutali ndi mkazi wake ndi ana ake, zaka zoposa zisanu ndi chimodzi. Ku Japan wophunzira wina wazaka 17 anachotsedwa sukulu, ngakhale kuti anali wa khalidwe labwino ndiponso anali kupambana anzake onse m’kalasi yawo ya ophunzira 42. Ku France anthu ochuluka anachotsedwa ntchito mwadzidzidzi, ngakhale kuti mbiri ya anthuwo inkasonyeza kuti anali kugwira ntchito mwakhama ndi mokhulupirika. Kodi nchiyani chofanana m’zochitika zenizeni zimenezi?

² Anthu onsewo ndi Mboni za Yehova. Kodi “cholakwa” chawo nchiyani? Chinali kusonyeza zikhulupiriro zawo zachipembedzo. Wogulitsa m’sitoloyo anali kuuzako ena chikhulupiriro chake pomvera zomwe Yesu Kristu anaphunzitsa. (Mateyu 28:19, 20) Anaimbidwa mlandu wakuswa lamulo lakale lachigiriki limene linkati kusinthitsa munthu chipembedzo chake ndi mlandu. Wophunzirayo anachotsedwa sukulu chifukwa chikumbumtima chake chomwe chinaphunzira Baibulo sichinkamulola kuchita nawo maseŵero okakamiza a kendo (kumenyana ndi malupanga kwachijapani). (Yesaya 2:4) Ndipo aja omwe anachotsedwa ntchito ku France anauzidwa kuti chifukwa chachikulu chowachotsera chinali chakuti iwo anadzidziŵikitsa kuti anali Mboni za Yehova.

3. Kodi nchifukwa chiyani Mboni za Yehova zochuluka sizivutitsidwa kaŵirikaŵiri ndi anthu anzawo?

³ Mboni za Yehova m’maiko ena posachedwapa zakhala zikupirira mavuto ngati amenewa. Komabe, Mboni za Yehova zochuluka sizivutitsidwa kaŵirikaŵiri ndi anthu anzawo. Anthu a Yehova amadziŵika dziko lonse kuti ali ndi khalidwe labwino​—mbiri imene imapangitsa munthu kusaganiza zowachitira choipa. (1 Petro 2:11, 12) Iwo sakonza ziŵembu kapena kuchita zinthu zimene zingavulaze ena. (1 Petro 4:15) M’malo mwake, iwo amayesa kukhala ndi moyo mogwirizana ndi uphungu wa Baibulo wakuti ayenera kukhala ogonjera choyamba kwa Mulungu, kenako kwa maboma adziko. Amakhoma misonkho monga mwa malamulo ndipo amayesayesa ‘kukhala ndi mtendere ndi anthu onse.’ (Aroma 12:18; 13:6, 7; 1 Petro 2:13-17) Pantchito yawo yophunzitsa Baibulo, amalimbikitsa anthu kulemekeza malamulo, kukhala ndi khalidwe la pabanja loyenera, ndi makhalidwe abwino. Maboma ambiri awayamikira chifukwa chokhala nzika zomvera malamulo. (Aroma 13:3) Komabe, monga momwe ndime yoyambayo ikusonyezera, nthaŵi zina iwo amatsutsidwa​—ngakhale kuletsedwa ndi boma m’maiko ena. Kodi zimenezi ziyenera kutidabwitsa?

“Mtengo” wa Kukhala Wophunzira

4. Malingana nkunena kwa Yesu, kodi munthu anayenera kuyembekeza chiyani pamene akhala wophunzira wake?

⁴ Yesu Kristu sanasiyepo chilichonse polongosola zimene kukhala wophunzira wake kudzatanthauza. Iye anauza omtsatira kuti: “Kapolo sali wamkulu ndi mbuye wake. Ngati anandilondalonda Ine, adzakulondalondani inunso.” Yesu anadedwa “kopanda chifukwa.” (Yohane 15:18-20, 25; Salmo 69:4; Luka 23:22) Ophunzira ake anayenera kuyembekeza zofananazo​—kutsutsidwa popanda chifukwa chenicheni. Panthaŵi zingapo, iye anawachenjeza kuti: “Adzada inu.”​—Mateyu 10:22; 24:9.

5, 6. (a) Nchifukwa chiyani Yesu analimbikitsa ofuna kumtsatira ‘kuŵerengera mtengo’? (b) Motero nchifukwa chiyani sitiyenera kuzizwa pamene tikumana ndi chitsutso?

⁵ Pachifukwa chimenecho, Yesu analimbikitsa ofuna kumtsatira ‘kuŵerengera mtengo’ wa kukhala wophunzira. (Luka 14:28) Chifukwa chiyani? Osati kuti akhale okhoza kusankha kukhala wotsatira wake kapena ayi, koma kuti akhale otsimikiza mtima kukwaniritsa zimene zikufunika. Tiyenera kukhala okonzeka kupirira ziyeso kapena mavuto alionse amene amabwera ndi mwayi umenewu. (Luka 14:27) Palibe amene amatikakamiza kutumikira Yehova monga otsatira a Kristu. Tadzisankhira; komanso tasankha tikuzindikira. Timadziŵiratu kuti kuwonjezera pa madalitso amene tidzakhala nawo mwa kukhala ndi unansi wodzipatulira kwa Mulungu, tidzakhala ‘odedwa.’ Choncho sitizizwa pamene tikumana ndi chitsutso. ‘Taŵerengera mtengo,’ ndipo tili okonzeka kotheratu kuulipira.​—1 Petro 4:12-14.

⁶ Kodi nchifukwa chiyani anthu ena, kuphatikizapo akuluakulu aboma ena, amafuna kutsutsa Akristu oona? Kuti tiyankhe, nkothandiza kulingalira za magulu achipembedzo aŵiri a m’zaka za zana loyamba C.E. Onse anali kudedwa​—koma pazifukwa zosiyana kwambiri.

Chipembedzo Choda Ena ndi Chodedwa

7, 8. Kodi nziphunzitso ziti zinasonyeza kunyodola Akunja, ndipo kodi ndi mzimu wotani umene unadzakhala pakati pa Ayuda monga chotsatirapo chake?

⁷ Pofika m’zaka za zana loyamba C.E., Israyeli anali kulamulidwa ndi Aroma, ndipo Chiyuda, dongosolo lachipembedzo la Ayuda, chinali m’manja mwa atsogoleri opondereza monga ngati alembi ndi Afarisi. (Mateyu 23:2-4) Atsogoleri otengeka maganizo amenewa anatenga malangizo a m’Chilamulo cha Mose onena za kukhala olekana ndi mitundu ina nkuwapotoza kuti azinyodola anthu amene sanali Ayuda. Mmene ankatero, anapanga chipembedzo chimene chinali kudana ndi Akunja, motero chikumachititsanso Akunja kudana nacho.

⁸ Sikunali kovuta kwa atsogoleri achiyuda kulalikira zonyoza Akunja, chifukwa Ayuda panthaŵiyo anali kuona Akunja ngati zolengedwa za makhalidwe onyansa. Atsogoleri achipembedzowo anali kuphunzitsa kuti mkazi wachiyuda sayenera kukhala yekhayekha ndi Akunja, chifukwa “amaganiziridwa kuti ali ndi zilakolako zoipa.” Mwamuna wachiyuda sayenera “kutsalira nawo yekhayekha popeza kuti amaganiziridwa kuti amapha anthu.” Sanali kugwiritsa ntchito mkaka wokamidwa ndi Mkunja pokhapokha ngati Myuda anali kuonerera kukamako. Mosonkhezeredwa ndi atsogoleri awo, Ayuda anakhala odzipatula ndi odzilekanitsa.​—Yerekezerani ndi Yohane 4:9.

9. Kodi chiphunzitso cha atsogoleri achiyuda chokhudza anthu osakhala Ayuda chinali ndi zotsatirapo zotani?

⁹ Ziphunzitso zokhudza anthu osakhala Ayuda zoterozo sizinabweretse unansi wabwino pakati pa Ayuda ndi Akunja. Akunja anayamba kuona Ayuda ngati anthu omwe amada mtundu wina uliwonse wa anthu. Wolemba mbiri wachiroma Tacitus (yemwe anabadwa cha mu 56 C.E.) anati Ayuda “ali ndi chidani chachikulu ndi mitundu ina yonse ya anthu.” Tacitus anatinso Akunja amene anasinthira ku Chiyuda anaphunzitsidwa kukana dziko lawo ndi kumaona kuti anthu a pabanja lawo ndi mabwenzi awo anali osafunika. Kaŵirikaŵiri, Aroma anali kulolera zochita za Ayuda, amene anali ochuluka ndithu kwakuti sakanaputidwa wambawamba. Koma kuukira kwa Ayuda mu 66 C.E. kunachititsa kuti Aroma abwezere mwakhanza, mpaka Yerusalemu anawonongedwa mu 70 C.E.

10, 11. (a) Kodi Chilamulo cha Mose chinati alendo anayenera kuchitidwa motani? (b) Kodi zimene zinachitikira Chiyuda zikutiphunzitsa chiyani?

¹⁰ Kodi kuona anthu a mitundu ina kotereku kunafanana motani ndi kalambiridwe kolongosoledwa m’Chilamulo cha Mose? Chilamulo chinkafunadi kuti akhale osiyana ndi amitundu, koma izi zinali kuti ziteteze Aisrayeli, makamaka kulambira kwawo koyera. (Yoswa 23:6-8) Ngakhale zinali choncho, Chilamulocho chinanena kuti alendo anayenera kusonyezedwa chilungamo ndipo anafunika kucherezedwa​—malinga ngati iwo sanali kuswa malamulo a Israyeli chisweiswe. (Levitiko 24:22) Mwa kusiya mzimu wabwino wokhudza alendo womwe unali kusonyezedwa bwino m’Chilamulo, atsogoleri achipembedzo achiyuda a m’tsiku la Yesu anakonza kalambiridwe kamene kanayambitsa chidani ndi kamene kanali kudedwa ndi anthu. Pomalizira pake, mtundu wachiyuda wa m’zaka za zana loyamba unataya chiyanjo cha Yehova.​—Mateyu 23:38.

¹¹ Kodi pali chimene ifeyo tikuphunzirapo? Inde chilipo! Khalidwe lodzilungamitsa ndi lodzikweza, limene limanyoza anthu amene ali ndi zikhulupiriro zachipembedzo zosiyana ndi zathu silisonyeza molondola kulambira koyera kwa Yehova, ndipo silimsangalatsa. Talingalirani za Akristu okhulupirika m’zaka za zana loyamba. Iwo sanali kuda amene sanali Akristu, ndipo sanaukire Roma. Komabe, iwo anali ‘kudedwa.’ Chifukwa chiyani? Ndi ndani?

Akristu Oyambirira​—Kodi Anadedwa ndi Ndani?

12. Kodi Malemba akuonetsa motani kuti Yesu amafuna kuti otsatira ake akhale ndi kaonedwe koyenera ka anthu osakhala Akristu?

¹² Mwa zimene Yesu anaphunzitsa, nzachionekere kuti anafuna kuti ophunzira ake akhale ndi kaonedwe koyenera ka anthu osakhala Akristu. Kumbali ina, anati otsatira ake akakhala osiyana ndi dziko​—ndiko kuti akapewa maganizo ndi makhalidwe amene amatsutsana ndi njira zolungama za Yehova. Adzakhala achete pankhani za nkhondo ndi ndale. (Yohane 17:14, 16) Komanso, m’malo mochirikiza kunyodola anthu osakhala Akristu, Yesu anauza ophunzira ake ‘kukondana nawo adani awo.’ (Mateyu 5:44) Mtumwi Paulo analimbikitsa Akristu kuti: “Ngati mdani wako akumva njala, umdyetse, ngati akumva ludzu, ummwetse.” (Aroma 12:20) Anauzanso Akristu ‘kuchitira onse chokoma.’​—Agalatiya 6:10.

13. Kodi nchifukwa chiyani atsogoleri achipembedzo achiyuda anali kutsutsa kwambiri ophunzira a Kristu?

¹³ Komabe, ophunzira a Kristu mosakhalitsa anayamba ‘kudedwa’ ndi anthu a magulu atatu. Loyamba linali la atsogoleri achipembedzo achiyuda. Mposadabwitsa kuti Akristuwo anakopa chidwi chawo mofulumira! Akristu anali ndi njira zapamwamba za makhalidwe ndi kukhulupirika, ndipo anali kulalikira uthenga wopatsa chiyembekezo ndi changu chonse. Zikwizikwi anasiya Chiyuda ndi kuyamba Chikristu. (Machitidwe 2:41; 4:4; 6:7) Kwa atsogoleri a chipembedzo chachiyuda, ophunzira a Yesu achiyuda anali ampatuko! (Yerekezerani ndi Machitidwe 13:45.) Atsogoleri aukali amenewa anali kuona kuti Chikristu chinali kusukulutsa miyambo yawo. Ee, chinatsutsa ngakhale malingaliro awo onena za Akunja! Kuchokera mu 36 C.E. kumka m’tsogolo, Akunja anali kukhala Akristu, akumakhala ndi chikhulupiriro chimodzi ndi kukhala ndi maudindo autumiki ofanana ndi a Akristu achiyuda.​—Machitidwe 10:34, 35.

14, 15. (a) Kodi nchifukwa chiyani Akristu anaputa udani wa olambira achikunja? Perekani chitsanzo. (b) Ndi gulu lachitatu liti limene linali ‘kuda’ Akristu oyambirira?

¹⁴ Gulu lachiŵiri limene Akristu anaputa udani wake linali la olambira achikunja. Mwachitsanzo, mu Efeso wakale, kupanga tiakachisi tasiliva ta mulungu wamkazi Artemi anali malonda amphamvu. Koma Paulo atakalalikira kumeneko, anthu ambiri ndithu a ku Efeso anamvetsera, ndipo anasiya kulambira Artemi. Osula siliva anachita chipolowe chifukwa malonda awo anaoneka kuti sadzayendanso bwino. (Machitidwe 19:24-41) Zofananazo zinachitika Chikristu chitafika ku Bithynia (komwe tsopano ndi kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa Turkey). Malemba Achigiriki Achikristu atangomalizidwa kulembedwa, kazembe wa Bithynia, Pliny Wamng’ono, ananena kuti akachisi achikunja anasiyidwa ndipo malonda ogulitsa zakudya za nyama zoti ziperekedwe nsembe anatsika kwambiri. Akristu anaimbidwa mlandu​—ndi kuzunzidwa​—popeza kuti kulambira kwawo sikunali kufuna nsembe za nyama ndi mafano. (Ahebri 10:1-9; 1 Yohane 5:21) Mwachionekere, kufalikira kwa Chikristu kunakhudza zinthu zina zogwirizana ndi kulambira kwachikunja zimene anthu ankasangalala nazo, ndipo aja amene malonda ndi ndalama zawo zinawonongeka anakwiya nacho.

¹⁵ Gulu lachitatu, Akristu ‘anadedwa’ ndi Aroma okondetsa dziko lawo. Poyambirira, Aroma ankati Akristu ndi kagulu kachipembedzo kakang’ono ndipo mwina ka anthu otengeka maganizo. Koma m’kupita kwanthaŵi, kungonena chabe kuti ndiwe Mkristu, unali mlandu wolandira chilango cha imfa. Kodi nchifukwa chiyani anthu oona mtima omwe anali kukhala ndi moyo wachikristu anawaona kukhala oyenera kuzunzidwa ndi kuphedwa?

Akristu Oyambirira​—Nchifukwa Chiyani Anadedwa m’Dziko la Aroma?

16. Kodi ndi m’njira ziti zimene Akristu anakhalira olekana ndi dziko, ndipo kodi nchifukwa chiyani zimenezi zinawapangitsa kusatchuka m’dziko la Aroma?

¹⁶ Kwenikweni, Akristu anadedwa m’dziko la Aroma chifukwa cha kuchita zimene anakhulupirira pachipembedzo chawo. Mwachitsanzo, anali olekana ndi dziko. (Yohane 15:19) Motero analibe udindo uliwonse wandale, ndipo anakana kukhala asilikali. Chifukwa cha zimenezo, “ananenedwa kukhala anthu akufa kudziko, ndi opanda pake pankhani zonse za moyo,” anatero wolemba mbiri Augustus Neander. Kusakhala mbali ya dziko kunatanthauzanso kuti anayenera kupewa njira zoipa za dziko lachiroma loipitsidwalo. “Timagulu ta Akristu tinali kuvutitsa anthu akunja okondetsa zokondweretsa mwa kudzipereka kwawo ndi ubwino wawo,” anafotokoza motero wolemba mbiri Will Durant. (1 Petro 4:3, 4) Mwa kuzunza ndi kupha Akristu, Aroma anali kufuna kuletsa mawu omwe anali kuwavutitsa maganizo.

17. Kodi nchiyani chikusonyeza kuti ntchito yolalikira ya Akristu a m’zaka za zana loyamba inali yogwira mtima?

¹⁷ Akristu a m’zaka za zana loyamba analalikira uthenga wabwino wa Ufumu wa Mulungu ndi changu chosaneneka. (Mateyu 24:14) Pofika cha m’ma 60 C.E., Paulo anatha kunena kuti uthenga wabwino ‘unalalikidwa cholengedwa chonse cha pansi pa thambo.’ (Akolose 1:23) Pofika kumapeto kwa zaka za zana loyamba, otsatira a Yesu anali atapanga ophunzira mu Ufumu wonse wa Roma​—ku Asia, ku Ulaya, ndi ku Afirika! Ngakhale anthu ena “a banja la Kaisara” anakhala Akristu.a (Afilipi 4:22) Kulalikira mwachangu kumeneku kunadzutsa mkwiyo. Neander anati: “Chikristu chinafalikira bwino pakati pa anthu a udindo uliwonsewo, ndipo chinaoneka kuti chidzaposa chipembedzo cha m’dzikomo.”

18. Kodi ndi motani mmene kukhala odzipereka kwathunthu kwa Yehova kunachititsira Akristu kusagwirizana ndi boma la Roma?

¹⁸ Otsatira a Yesu anali odzipereka kwathunthu kwa Yehova. (Mateyu 4:8-10) Mbali imeneyi ya kulambira kwawo, kusiyana ndi ina iliyonse, ingakhale imene inawachititsa kusagwirizana ndi Roma. Aroma sanali kudana ndi zipembedzo zina, malinga ngati otsatira ake analinso kulambira mfumu yawo. Akristu oyambirira sakanachita zimenezo. Anadziona kuti anali oŵerengeredwa mlandu ndi wolamulira woposa uja wa Boma la Roma, Yehova Mulungu. (Machitidwe 5:29) Chifukwa cha zimenezi, kaya Mkristu anali nzika yabwino chotani m’mikhalidwe ina, anali kuonedwabe kuti ndi mdani wa Boma.

19, 20. (a) Kodi ndani kwenikweni amene anali kuyambitsa zinenezo zanjiru zimene zinali kufalikira zokhudza Akristu okhulupirika? (b) Kodi ndi zinenezo zonama ziti zimene Akristu ananenezedwa?

¹⁹ Panalinso chifukwa china chimene chinapangitsa Akristu okhulupirika ‘kudedwa’ m’dziko la Aroma: Anthu anakhulupirira mosavuta zinenezo zanjiru zokhudza Akristu, zinenezo zimene kwenikweni zinayambitsidwa ndi atsogoleri achipembedzo achiyuda. (Machitidwe 17:5-8) Mwina m’chaka cha 60 kapena 61 C.E., pamene Paulo anali kuyembekezera kuimbidwa mlandu ndi Mfumu Nero ku Roma, Ayuda ena otchuka anati za Akristu: “Za mpatuko uwu, tidziŵa kuti aunenera ponse ponse.” (Machitidwe 28:22) Mosakayikira Nero anamvapo nkhani zowaneneza. Mu 64 C.E., pamene ananenedwa kuti ndiye anayambitsa moto umene unawononga Roma, Nero anatchula, monga populumukira, Akristu omwe anali onenezedwa kalewo. Zimenezi zikuoneka kuti zinayambitsa chizunzo chankhanza chimene chinali kufuna kufafaniza Akristu.

²⁰ Kaŵirikaŵiri zinenezo zonama zokhudza Akristu zinaphatikiza mabodza a mkunkhuniza ndi kupotozedwa kwa zikhulupiriro zawo. Chifukwa chakuti anali kukhulupirira Mulungu mmodzi yekha ndi kutinso sanali kulambira mfumu, iwo anatchedwa kuti anali okana Mulungu. Popeza kuti ena a m’banja amene sanali Akristu anali kutsutsa abale awo achikristu, Akristu anaimbidwa mlandu wopasula mabanja. (Mateyu 10:21) Anali kunenedwa kuti amadya anthu, chinenezo chimene ena akuti chinachokera pa kupotozedwa kwa mawu amene Yesu analankhula pa Chakudya Chamadzulo cha Ambuye.​—Mateyu 26:26-28.

21. Kodi Akristu anali ‘kudedwa’ pazifukwa ziŵiri ziti?

²¹ Motero, Akristu okhulupirika anali ‘kudedwa’ ndi Aroma kwenikweni pazifukwa ziŵiri: (1) zikhulupiriro ndi zochita zawo zozikidwa pa Baibulo, ndi (2) zinenezo zabodza. Mosasamala kanthu za chifukwa chimene anali nacho, otsutsawo anali ndi cholinga chimodzi​—kupondereza Chikristu. Zoona, osonkhezera enieni a kuzunzidwa kwa Akristu anali otsutsa osakhala anthu, koma makamu a mizimu yoipa yosaoneka.​—Aefeso 6:12.

22. (a) Kodi nchitsanzo chiti chimene chikusonyeza kuti Mboni za Yehova zimayesetsa ‘kuchitira onse chokoma’? (Onani bokosi patsamba 11.) (b) Kodi tidzakambirana chiyani m’nkhani yotsatira?

²² Mofanana ndi Akristu oyambirira, Mboni za Yehova lerolino zakhala ‘zikudedwa’ m’maiko ochuluka. Komabe izo sizida amene sali Mboni; ndiponso sizinayambitsepo kugalukira boma. Mosiyana ndi zimenezo, izo zimadziŵika padziko lonse kuti zili ndi chikondi chenicheni chimene chimadutsa malire alionse a chikhalidwe cha anthu, utundu, ndi ufuko. Nangano, nchifukwa chiyani zakhala zikuzunzidwa? Kodi zimatani zikamatsutsidwa? Mafunso amenewa adzayankhidwa m’nkhani yotsatira.

[Mawu a M’munsi]

Kodi Mungayankhe Bwanji?

◻ Kodi nchifukwa chiyani Yesu analimbikitsa ofuna kumtsatira kuti aŵerengere mtengo wokhala wophunzira?

◻ Kodi malingaliro amene analipo onena za anthu osakhala Ayuda anakhudza motani Chiyuda, ndipo kodi ife tikuphunzirapo chiyani?

◻ Kodi Akristu okhulupirika oyambirira anakumana ndi chitsutso kuchokera ku magulu atatu ati?

◻ Kodi Akristu oyambirira anali ‘kudedwa’ ndi Aroma pazifukwa ziti kwenikweni?

[Bokosi patsamba 11]

‘Kuchitira Onse Chokoma’

Mboni za Yehova zimayesetsa kutsatira uphungu wa Baibulo wa ‘kuchitira onse chokoma.’ (Agalatiya 6:10) Chifukwa chokonda anansi awo, panthaŵi ya mavuto zimasonkhezeredwa kuthandiza anthu amene ali osiyana nawo chipembedzo. Mwachitsanzo, mu 1994 Mboni za Yehova za ku Ulaya zinadzipereka kupita ku Afirika kukapereka chithandizo ku Rwanda panthaŵi imene kunali mkhalidwe wovuta. Misasa yolinganizidwa bwino ndi zipatala za m’misasa zinapangidwa mofulumira kuti chithandizo chiperekedwe. Chakudya, zovala, ndi mabulangeti ochuluka zinatumizidwa pandege. Anthu othaŵa kwawo amene analandira chithandizo chimenechi anaposa katatu chiŵerengero cha Mboni za m’deralo.

[Chithunzi patsamba 9]

Akristu a m’zaka za zana loyamba analalikira uthenga wabwino ndi changu chosaneneka