Zaka Zoposa 40 Tili Oletsedwa Kupembedza mu Ulamuliro wa Chikomyunizimu
YOSIMBIDWA NDI MIKHAIL VASILEVICH SAVITSKII
Nsanja ya Olonda ya April 1, 1956, inafotokoza kuti Mboni za Yehova “zambirimbiri zinapitikitsidwa” pa April 1, 7, ndi 8, 1951. Nsanja ya Olonda imeneyi inafotokozanso kuti “Masikuwa n’ngosaiŵalika kwa mboni za Yehova za ku Russia.” “Masiku atatu ameneŵa amuna ndi akazi onse a mboni za Yehova opezeka ku Western Ukraine, White Russia [Belarus], Bessarabia, Moldavia, Latvia, Lithuania ndi Estonia—oposa zikwi zisanu ndi ziŵiri . . . anatengedwa pangolo, kupita nawo ku siteshoni za sitima komwe anali kuwakweza m’ngolo za sitima zotengeramo ng’ombe n’kuwatumiza kutali kwambiri.”
PA April 8, 1951, mkazi wanga, mwana wanga wamwamuna wa miyezi isanu ndi itatu, makolo anga, mng’ono wanga, ndi Mboni zina zambiri zinatengedwa m’nyumba zawo ndi m’madera ozungulira Ternopol’, Ukraine. Atawakweza m’ngolo zotengeramo ng’ombezo, anayenda nawo pafupifupi milungu iŵiri. Kenako, anawatsitsa ku taiga ku Seberia (nkhalango yapafupi ndi dera lozizira kwambiri) kumadzulo kwa Nyanja ya Baikal.
Chifukwa chiyani sindinatengedwe nawo? Ndisanafotokoze komwe ndinali panthaŵiyi ndi zimene zinatichitikira tonse pambuyo pake, ndiloleni ndikuuzeni mmene ndinakhalira wa Mboni za Yehova.
Tipeza Choonadi cha Baibulo
Mu September 1947, ndili ndi zaka 15 zokha, a Mboni za Yehova aŵiri anafika kunyumba kwathu m’mudzi waung’ono wa Slaviatin, umene uli pamtunda wa makilomita 50 kuchokera ku Ternopol’ ndipo zinafika kunyumba kwathu. Ine ndi amayi tikumvetsera zomwe anali kunena atsikana ameneŵa—omwe mmodzi wa iwo dzina lake linali Maria—ndinadziŵa kuti chimenechi sichinali chabe chipembedzo china. Anafotokoza chikhulupiriro chawo komanso anayankha mafunso athu a Baibulo mogwira mtima.
Ndinkakhulupirira kuti Baibulo linali Mawu a Mulungu, koma ndinali wokhumudwa ndi tchalitchi. Agogo ankakonda kunena kuti: “Ansembe amaopseza anthu ndi nkhani za moto wa helo, koma ansembewo saopa chilichonse. Kwawo ndi kubera ndi kunamiza anthu osauka basi.” Ndikukumbukira chiwawa chomwe chinachitika kumayambiriro a Nkhondo Yadziko II choyatsa nyumba za anthu a ku Poland okhala m’mudzi mwathu. N’zachisoni kuti zimenezi zinalinganizidwa ndi wansembe wa Chikatolika cha Kummaŵa. Mapeto ake panaphedwa anthu ambiri, ndipo ndinali kufunitsitsa kudziŵa zifukwa zake nkhanza zimenezi zinali kuchitika.
Pamene ndinali kuphunzira Baibulo ndi Mboni, ndinayamba kudziŵa. Ndinaphunzira choonadi choyambirira cha Baibulo, kuphatikizapo kuti kulibe helo wamoto ndiponso kuti Satana Mdyerekezi amagwiritsa ntchito chipembedzo chonyenga kuchirikiza nkhondo ndi kukhetsa mwazi. Kaŵirikaŵiri, paphunziro laumwini ndinkaima kaye n’kupereka pemphero lochokera pansi pa mtima lothokoza Yehova chifukwa cha zimene ndinali kuphunzira. Ndinamuuza mng’ono wanga Stakh choonadi cha Baibulo chimenechi, ndipo ndinasangalala kwambiri pamene anachilandira.
Kuchita Zomwe Ndinali Kuphunzira
Ndinazindikira kufunika kosintha makhalidwe anga ndipo nthaŵi yomweyo ndinaleka kusuta. Ndinazindikiranso kufunika kosonkhana ndi ena paphunziro la Baibulo lokhazikika. Kuti ndichite zimenezi ndinkayenda m’nkhalango mtunda wa makilomita pafupifupi khumi kuti ndifike pamalo obisika ochitira misonkhano. Nthaŵi zina akazi ochepa okha ndiwo anali kufika pamsonkhanopo, ndipo ngakhale kuti ndinali wosabatizidwa, ankandipempha kuti ndipangitse.
Kukhala ndi mabuku ofotokoza za Baibulo kunali koopsa, ndipo atakugwira nawo unkakhala m’ndende zaka 25. Komabe, ndinkafunitsitsa kukhala ndi laibulale yanga. Mmodzi wa anansi athu anaphunzirapo ndi Mboni za Yehova, koma chifukwa cha mantha, analeka ndipo anakwirira mabuku ake m’dimba lake. Ndinathokoza Yehova chotani nanga pamene mwamunayu anafukula mabuku ndi magazini ake onse n’kundipatsa! Ndinawabisa m’ming’oma imene atate ankasamalira, mmene munthu sangakhale ndi chidwi choti afufuzemo.
Mu July 1949, ndinapatulira moyo wanga kwa Yehova ndipo ndinasonyeza kudzipatulirako mwa kubatizidwa. Linali tsiku losangalatsa kwambiri pamoyo wanga. Mboni yomwe inachititsa ubatizo wamseriwu inagogomezera kuti si kwapafupi kukhala Mkristu woona ndiponso anati ziyeso zochuluka zinali m’tsogolo. Mosakhalitsa ndinakhulupirira kuti mawu ake analidi oona! Komabe, moyo wanga monga Mboni yobatizidwa unayamba bwino kwambiri. Patapita miyezi iŵiri ndili wobatizidwa, ndinakwatira Maria, mmodzi wa anthu aŵiri oyambirira kutiuza ine ndi amayi za choonadi.
Chiyeso Changa Choyamba Chinabwera Mwadzidzidzi
Pa April 16, 1950, ndikuchokera ku tauni yaing’ono ya Podgaitsi kupita kunyumba, ndinakumana ndi asilikali mwadzidzidzi ndipo anandipeza ndi mabuku ofotokoza za Baibulo amene ndinali kukapereka ku gulu lathu la phunziro. Anandigwira. Masiku angapo oyambirira m’ndendemo, anandikwapula ndi ndodo, ndipo sanandilole kudya ngakhale kugona. Anandilamula kuti ndizinjuta n’kuimira manja anga ali pamutu kokwanira makumi khumi, koma ndinali kulephera kutsiriza chifukwa chotopa. Pambuyo pa zimenezi anandiika m’chipinda chapansi chozizira ndiponso chachinyontho kwa maola 24.
Cholinga cha kundizunza chonchi chinali choti ndiope kotero kuti ndisavute kuwauza zambiri. “Unawatenga kuti mabukuwa, ndipo umapita nawo kuti?” anafunsa motero. Sindinanene kanthu. Kenako anandiŵerengera mbali ya lamulo lomwe ndinali kukaweruzidwa nalo. Linanena kuti kufalitsa ndi kusunga mabuku otsutsana ndi Soviet Union chilango chake chinali kuphedwa kapena kukhala m’ndende zaka 25.
“Usankha chilango chiti?” anafunsa choncho.
“Palibe,” ndinatero, “koma chikhulupiriro changa chili mwa Yehova, ndi thandizo lake, ndidzalandira chilichonse chimene iye alole.”
Mosayembekezera, ananditulutsa patangotha masiku asanu ndi limodzi. Chochitika chimenechi chinandithandiza kukhulupirira lonjezo la Yehova lakuti: “Sindidzakusiya konse, kungakhale kukutaya, sindidzakutaya ndithu.”—Ahebri 13:5.
Mmene ndinali kubwerera kunyumba, n’kuti ndikudwala kwambiri, choncho atate ananditengera kuchipatala, ndipo mosakhalitsa ndinapeza bwino. Ngakhale kuti atate sanatsate chipembedzo cha banja lonse, anali kutichirikiza pa kulambira kwathu.
Kuikidwa m’Ndende ndi Kuthamangitsidwira Kutali
Pambuyo pa miyezi ingapo ndinaitanidwa kukagwira ntchito yausilikali m’gulu la nkhondo la Soviet Union. Ndinafotokoza kuti sindingachite zimenezo chifukwa cha chikumbumtima changa. (Yesaya 2:4). Komabe, mu February 1951, anandilamula kukhala m’ndende zaka zinayi ndipo ananditumiza ku ndende ya ku Ternopol’. Pambuyo pake anandisamutsira ku ndende ya ku L’viv, mzinda waukulu wopezeka pamtunda wa makilomita pafupifupi 120. Ndili m’ndende yakumeneko, ndinamva kuti Mboni zochuluka zatumizidwa ku Siberia.
M’chaka cha 1951 nthawi ya chilimwe, gulu lathu tinatumizidwa ku Far East, kupitirira Siberia. Tinatha mwezi umodzi tili m’njira—mtunda wa makilomita 11,000—tinadutsa zigawo 11 zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito nthaŵi zosiyana! Titatha milungu iŵiri tili m’sitima, tinaima kamodzi kokha pomwe tinaloledwa kusamba. Tinaima pa bafa la onse lalikulu ku Novosibirsk, Siberia.
Mmenemo, pakati pa gulu la akaidi, ndinamva mwamuna wina akufunsa mokweza kuti: “Ndani pano ali m’banja la Yonadabu?” Liwu la “Yonadabu” linali kugwira ntchito pofuna kudziŵa awo amene ali ndi chiyembekezo cha moyo wamuyaya padziko lapansi. (2 Mafumu 10:15-17; Salmo 37:11, 29) Nthaŵi yomweyo akaidi ambiri anati ndi Mboni. Tinapatsanatu moni wachisangalalo!
Ntchito Yauzimu m’Ndende
Tili ku Novosibirsk tinagwirizana dzina limene tizikadziŵirana titafika kumene timapitako. Tinapezeka kuti tonse tili mumsasa wa ku Nyanja ya Japan wapafupi ndi Vladivostok. Kumeneko tinalinganiza misonkhano yanthaŵi zonse yophunzira Baibulo. Kukhala pamodzi ndi abale ofikapo, achikulire ameneŵa omwe analamulidwa kukhala m’ndende nthaŵi yaitali kunandilimbikitsa kwambiri mwauzimu. Iwo anali kusinthana popangitsa misonkhano yathu, ankagwiritsa ntchito ndime za m’Baibulo ndiponso ankasimba mfundo zokhudzana ndi ndimeyo za m’magazini ya Nsanja ya Olonda zomwe anali kuzikumbukira.
Panali kufunsa mafunso, ndipo abale anali kupereka mayankho. Ambiri a ife tinang’amba timapepala ku matumba a simenti ndi kumalembapo notsi za mfundo zokambidwazo. Tinasunga notsizo ndi kuzisokerera pamodzi kuti aliyense payekha azikazigwiritsa ntchito monga laibulale. Patapita miyezi ingapo, omwe analamulidwa kukhala m’ndende nthaŵi yaitali anatumizidwa ku misasa ya kumpoto kwa Siberia. Ine ndi abale achinyamata aŵiri anatitumiza ku mzinda wapafupi wotchedwa Nakhodka, kuchokera ku Japan uli pamtunda wa makilomita osakwana 650. M’ndende ya kumeneko ndinakhalamo zaka ziŵiri.
Nthaŵi zina tinali kulandira Nsanja ya Olonda. Kwa miyezi ingapo inali chakudya chathu chauzimu. M’kupita kwa nthaŵi, tinkalandiranso makalata. Kalata yomwe ndinalandira koyamba yochokera kwa banja langa (limene tsopano linali kudera lina kutali) inandiliza. Inanena zofanana ndi zomwe Nsanja ya Olonda yomwe yagwidwa mawu kumayambiriro kwa nkhaniyi inafotokoza kuti nyumba za Mboni zinathyoledwa ndipo eni ake anapatsidwa maola aŵiri kuti achoke.
Ndikhalanso ndi Banja Langa
Mu December 1952 ananditulutsa, n’takhala m’ndende zaka ziŵiri pa zaka zanga zinayi zomwe anandilamula kukhala m’ndende. Ndinakakhala ndi banja langa m’mudzi waung’ono wa Gadaley woyandikana ndi Tulun, ku Siberia, komwe anatumizidwa. Ndithudi, kunali kosangalatsa kukhala nawonso pamodzi—mwana wanga wamwamuna Ivan anali ndi zaka pafupifupi zitatu, ndipo mwana wanga Anna anali ndi zaka pafupifupi ziŵiri. Komabe, ufulu wanga unali wochepa. Anthu otumidwa ndi boma anandilanda pasipoti, ndipo anali kundilonda kwambiri. Sanandilole kuyenda mtunda wopitirira makilomita atatu kuchoka panyumba. Pambuyo pake, anandilola kukwera kavalo popita ku Tulun kumsika. Mochenjera, ndinakumanako ndi anzanga a Mboni.
Panthaŵiyi n’kuti tili ndi ana aakazi aŵiri, Anna ndi Nadia, ndiponso ana aamuna aŵiri, Ivan ndi Kolya. M’chaka cha 1958 tinakhala ndi mwana wina wamwamuna, dzina lake Volodya. Ndipo mu 1961, tinakhalanso ndi mwana wamkazi, dzina lake Galia.
A KGB (limene linali bungwe lachitetezo cha boma) nthaŵi zambiri ankanditsekera n’kumandifunsa mafunso. Cholinga chawo sichinali kokha chakuti ndiulule za mpingo komanso kuti anthu aziona ngati ndikugwirizana nawo. Chotero ankanditenga ku lesitilanti yapamwamba nayesa kundijambula ndikusekerera monga ngati ndikusangalala limodzi nawo. Komabe ndinazindikira cholinga chawo, choncho ndinkapanga tsinya kumaso kuonetsa kuti sindikusangalala nazo. Nthaŵi iliyonse imene ananditsekera, ndinauza abale zonse zimene zinachitika. Choncho, sanali kukayikira kukhulupirika kwanga.
Kuonana ndi Amene Anali m’Misasa
Kwa zaka zambiri, Mboni zambiri zinaikidwa m’misasa. Panthaŵiyi, tinali kuonana pafupipafupi ndi abale anthu otsekeredwawo, tinalinso kuwapatsa mabuku. Kodi zimenezi zinali kuchitika motani? Pamene abale kapena alongo ankatulutsidwa mumsasa, tinkawafunsa mmene tingatumizire mabuku kumeneko mobisa mosasamala za chitetezo chokhwima. Kwa zaka pafupifupi khumi, tinali okhoza kuwatumizira abale athu akumisasa magazini ndi mabuku amene tinkawalandira kudzera ku Poland ndi mayiko ena.
Alongo athu achikristu ambiri ankathera nthaŵi yambiri kukopa mabuku m’zilembo zing’onozing’ono kwakuti zinkatheka kubisa magazini yonse m’kanthu kakang’ono ngati paketi la macheso! Mu chaka cha 1991, pamene sitinalinso oletsedwa kupembedza ndipo tinali kulandira magazini okongola amaonekedwe achibadwa, mmodzi wa alongo anati: “Tsopano tiiwalika.” Anali kulakwitsa. Ngakhale kuti anthu angaiwale, Yehova sadzaiwala ntchito ya anthu okhulupirika amenewo!—Ahebri 6:10.
Kusamuka Komanso Kukumana ndi Masoka
Mapeto a chaka cha 1967 nyumba ya mng’ono wanga wa ku Irkutsk inasechedwa. Anapezamo mafilimu ndi makope a mabuku ofotokoza za Baibulo. Anapezeka ndi mlandu ndipo analamulidwa kukhala zaka zitatu m’ndende. Komabe, atasecha nyumba yathu sanapeze kalikonse. Ngakhale zinali tero, boma linali ndi chikhulupiriro kuti tinali kukhudzidwa, choncho banja langa linasamuka. Tinasamukira kumadzulo kwa mzinda wa Nevinnomyssk wopezeka pamtunda wa makilomita pafupifupi 5,000 ku Caucasus. Kumeneku tinali okangalika kuchita umboni wamwamwayi.
Mu June 1969 patsiku loyamba holide ya sukulu tsoka linatigwera. Mwana wathu wazaka 12, Kolya, anapsa ndi magetsi koopsa pamene anafuna kutola mpira pafupi ndi tilansifoma yamagetsi yamphamvu kwambiri. Pafupifupi 70 peresenti ya thupi lake linapsa. M’chipatala, iye ananditembenukira ndi kundifunsa kuti: “Kodi tidzapitanso kuchisumbu?” (Anali kunena za chisumbu chomwe tinkakonda kupitako.) “Inde, Kolya,” ndinatero, “tidzapitanso. Pamene Yesu Kristu adzakuukitsira ku moyo, ndithudi tidzapita kuchisumbuchi.” Asakudziŵa kanthu kwenikweni, anaimba imodzi mwa nyimbo za Ufumu yomwe ankaikonda kwambiri, ndiponso ankakonda kuimba ndi lipenga lake pamodzi ndi gulu loimba la mpingo. Patangopita masiku atatu anamwalira, ali ndi chikhulupiriro chakuti adzauka.
Chaka chotsatira mwana wathu wamwamuna wazaka 20, Ivan, anaitanidwa kukaloŵa usilikali. Pamene anakana ntchitoyo, anagwidwa ndipo anakhala m’ndende zaka zitatu. Mu chaka cha 1971, ndinaitanidwa kukaloŵa usilikali ndipo chifukwa chokananso ndikanaikidwa m’ndende. Mlandu wanga unakhala miyezi ingapo. Panthaŵiyi mkazi wanga anadwala kansa ndipo anafunika chisamaliro chochuluka. Chifukwa cha chimenechi mlandu wanga anauthetsa. Maria anamwalira m’chaka cha 1972. Anali mnzanga woona, wokhulupirika kwa Yehova mpaka pa imfa.
Banja Lathu Limwazikana
Mu 1973, ndinakwatira Nina. Atate ake anam’thamangitsa panyumba m’chaka cha 1960 chifukwa choti anali Mboni. Anali mtumiki wachangu yemwe anali pagulu la alongo amene anagwira ntchito molimbika yokopa magazini kumisasa. Ana anga anam’kondanso.
Akuluakulu a boma anapsa mtima ndi ntchito yathu ku Nevinnomyssk ndipo anatilamula kuti tichoke. Chotero m’chaka cha 1975 ine, mkazi wanga, ndi ana anga aakazi, tinakakhala ku chigawo chakumwera kwa Caucasus ku Georgia. Panthaŵi yofananayo, ana anga a amuna Ivan ndi Volodya anakakhala ku tauni ya Dzhambul kumwera kwa Kazakstan kumalire ake.
Ku Georgia ntchito ya Mboni za Yehova inali itangoyamba kumene. Tinalalikira mwamwayi kuzungulira Gagra ndi Sukhumi kugombe la Black Sea, ndipo patatha chaka chimodzi, Mboni khumi zatsopano zinabatizidwa mu mtsinje wa m’phiri. Posakhalitsa, olamulira analamula kuti tichoke kumaloko, ndipo tinasamukira kummaŵa kwa Georgia. Kumeneko tinalimbika kuti tipeze anthu onga nkhosa, ndipo Yehova anatidalitsa.
Tinali kusonkhana pamodzi m’magulu ang’onoang’ono. Tinali ndi vuto la chilankhulo popeza sitinkadziŵa Chigeorgia ndipo Ageorgia sankalankhula Chirussia bwinobwino. Poyamba, tinali kuphunzira ndi Arussia okha basi. Komabe, mosakhalitsa, kulalikira ndi kuphunzitsa m’Chigeorgia kunapita patsogolo, ndipo tsopano ku Georgia kuli anthu zikwizikwi olengeza Ufumu.
Mu 1979, molamulidwa ndi KGB wondilemba ntchito anati sakundifunanso m’dziko lawo. Nthaŵiyi ndi imene mwana wanga wamkazi Nadia anachita ngozi ya galimoto pomwe iye ndi mwana wake wamkazi wamng’ono anamwalira. N’kuti patangopita chaka chimodzi mayi anga atamwalira okhulupirika kwa Yehova ku Nevinnomyssk, ndipo anasiya atate ndi mng’ono wanga. Choncho tinaganiza zokhalanso kumeneko.
Madalitso a Kupirira
Ku Nevinnomyssk tinapitiriza kupanga mobisa mabuku ofotokoza za Baibulo. Tsiku lina cha m’ma 1980 akuluakulu a boma atandiitana, ndinawauza kuti ndinalota ndikubisa magazini athu. Anaseka. Ndikutuluka, mmodzi wa iwo anati: “Usalotenso za mmene umabisira mabuku ako.” Anatinso: “Posachedwapa udzaika mabuku ako pa mashelefu, ndipo uzidzapita kumisonkhano utagwirana manja ndi mkazi wako utatenga Baibulo lako m’manja.”
Mu 1989 tinali achisoni pamene mwana wanga wamkazi Anna anamwalira ndi matenda otupa mtsempha mu ubongo. Anali ndi zaka 38 zokha. Chaka chomwechi, mu August, Mboni za ku Nevinnomyssk zinapanga hayala sitima ndipo zinapita ku Warsaw, Poland, komwe anakapezeka pamsonkhano wamitundu yonse. Kunafika anthu 60,366, kuphatikizapo zikwizikwi za anthu ochokera ku Soviet Union. Tinaganizadi kuti tinali kulota! Pa March 27, 1991, patatha zaka pafupifupi ziŵiri, ndinali ndi mwayi wokhala mmodzi wa akulu asanu akale kwambiri mumpingo ku Soviet Union omwe anasaina kalata yofunika kwambiri ku Moscow yolola mwalamulo gulu la chipembedzo cha Mboni za Yehova!
Ndili wosangalala kuti ana anga omwe alipo akutumikira Yehova mokhulupirika. Ndikuyembekezera dziko latsopano la Mulungu pamene ndidzaone Anna, Nadia ndi mwana wake wamkazi, komanso Kolya. Akadzaukitsidwa, ndidzachita zomwe ndinalonjeza zopita naye kuchisumbu komwe tinali kukasangalalako zaka zambiri zapitazo.
Pakali pano, ndi kosangalatsadi kuona kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa choonadi cha Baibulo m’dziko lalikululi! Ndili wosangalala kwambiri ndi zimene ndachita pamoyo wanga, ndipo ndikuthokoza Yehova pondilola kukhala Mboni yake. Ndatsimikiza mawu a Salmo 34:8: “Talawani, ndipo onani kuti Yehova ndiye wabwino; Wodala munthuyo wakukhulupirira Iye.”
[Chithunzi patsamba 25]
Chaka chomwe ndinakhalanso ndi banja langa ku Tulun
[Zithunzi patsamba 26]
Pamwamba: Atate anga ndi ana anga kunja kwa nyumba yathu ku Tulun, Siberia
Pamwamba kumanja: Mwana wanga Nadia ndi mwana wake wamkazi, omwe anamwalira pangozi ya galimoto
Kumanja: Chithunzi cha banja lathu mu 1968