Moyo (Life)

Tanthauzo: Mkhalidwe wa kukhala ndi moyo umene umasiyanitsa zomera, zinyama, anthu, ndi zolengedwa zauzimu ndi zinthu zopanda moyo. Kaŵirikaŵiri zinthu zamoyo zowoneka ziri ndi mphamvu ya kukula, ndi kupukusa chakudya, kulabadira chisonkhezero chakunja, ndi kubalana. Zomera ziri ndi moyo wa kukula, osati moyo wokhala ndi maganizo. M’zamoyo za padziko lapansi, zinyama ndi anthu, muli zonse ziŵiri mphamvu ya moyo yozisonkhezera ndi mpweya wochirikiza mphamvu ya moyo imeneyo.

Moyo m’lingaliro lokwanira kotheratu, monga momwe limagwiritsidwira ntchito mwa anthu a luntha, ndiwo kukhalako kwenikweni ndi kuyenerera kwake. Moyo wamunthu suuli wosakhoza kufa. Koma atumiki okhulupirika a Mulungu ali ndi chiyembekezero cha moyo wosatha muungwiro—ambiri a iwo padziko lapansi, “kagulu kankhosa kumwamba” monga oloŵa nyumba a Ufumu wa Mulungu. Pakuukitsidwira kwawo kumoyo wauzimu, ziŵalo za kagulu ka Ufumu zimapatsidwanso kusakhoza kufa, mkhalidwe wa moyo umene sumafunikira kuchirikizidwa ndi chinthu chirichonse cholengedwa.

Kodi nchiyani chimene chiri chifuno cha moyo waumunthu?

Chachikulu kukukhala ndi chifuno m’miyoyo yathu ndicho kuzindikiridwa kwa Magwero a moyo. Ngati moyo ukakhalako mwa uwo wokha, kukhalako kwathu, kukanakhaladi kopanda chifuno, ndipo sipakanakhala mtsogolo modalirika mmene tikanalinganiza. Koma Machitidwe 17:24, 25, 28 amatiuza kuti: “Mulungu amene analenga dziko lapansi ndi zonse ziri momwemo . . . apatsa zonse moyo ndi mpweya ndi zinthu zonse. Pakuti mwa iye tikhala ndi moyo ndi kuyendayenda.” Chivumbulutso 4:11, chimene chalunjikitsidwa kwa Mulungu, chimawonjezera kuti: “Muyenera inu, Ambuye wathu, ndi Mulungu wathu, kulandira ulemelero ndi ulemu ndi mphamvu; chifukwa mudalenga zonse, ndipo mwachifuniro chanu zinakhala nizinalengedwa.” (Wonaninso tsamba 306-313, pamutu waukulu wakuti “Mulungu.”)

Kugwiritsidwa mwala kumachokera m’njira ya moyo imene imawombana ndi malamulo a Mlengi ndi malangizo ake kaamba ka chimwemwe. Agalatiya 6:7, 8 amachenjeza kuti: “Musanyengedwe; Mulungu sanyozeka; pakuti chimene munthu achifesa, ndichimene adzachituta. Pakuti wakufesa kwa thupi la iye yekha, chochokera kuthupi adzatuta chivundi.”—Ndiponso Agalatiya 5:19-21. (Wonaninso mutu waukulu wakuti “Kudziimira.”)

Choloŵa cha uchimo wochokera kwa Adamu chimalepheretsa anthu kukhala ndi chisangalalo chokwanira cha moyo kwanthaŵi ino monga momwe Mulungu analinganizira pachiyambi. Aroma 8:20 (NW) amafotokoza kuti, monga chotulukapo cha chiweruzo cha Mulungu pambuyo pa uchimo wa Adamu, “chilengedwe [anthu] chinagonjetsedwera kuutsiru.” Ponena za mkhalidwe wa iye mwini monga munthu wochimwa, mtumwi Paulo analemba kuti: “Ndiri wathupi, wogulitsidwa kapolo wa uchimo. Pakuti chabwino chimene ndichifuna, sindichichita; koma choipa chimene sindichifuna, chimenecho ndichichita. Ndikondwera ndi chilamulo cha Mulungu; koma ndiwona lamulo lina m’ziŵalo zanga, lirinkulimbana ndi lamulo la mtima wanga, ndi kundigonjetsa kapolo wa lamulo la m’ziŵalo zanga. Munthu wosauka ine!”—Aroma 7:14, 19, 22-24.

Timapeza chimwemwe chachikulu koposa chothekera tsopano lino ndipo miyoyo yathu imapeza kulemerera kwatanthauzo pamene tigwiritsira ntchito malamulo amakhalidwe abwino a Baibulo ndi kuika kuchita chifuniro cha Mulungu poyamba. Sitimalemeretsa Mulungu mwa kumtumikira; amatiphunzitsa ‘kuti tidzipindulitse.’ (Yes. 48:17) Baibulo limapereka uphungu wakuti: “Khalani olimba nji, osasunthika, masiku onse mukumakhala ndi zochuluka za kuchita m’ntchito ya Ambuye, mukumadziŵa kuti ntchito yanu siri yosaphula kanthu mogwirizana ndi Ambuye.”—1 Akor. 15:58, NW.

Baibulo limaika pamaso pathu chiyembekezo cha moyo wamuyaya mu ungwiro ngati tikhulupirira m’makonzedwe a Yehova a moyo ndi kuyenda m’mabande ake. Chiyembekezo chimenecho chiri ndi maziko olimba; sichidzatsogolera kukugwiritsidwa mwala; kugwira ntchito kogwirizanitsidwa ndi chiyembekezo chimenecho kungadzaze miyoyo yathu ndi tanthauzo lowona ngakhale tsopano.—Yoh. 3:16; Tito 1:2; 1 Pet. 2:6.

Kodi anthu anangopangidwira kukhala ndi moyo zaka zochepa ndiyeno kufa?

Gen. 2:15-17: “Yehova Mulungu anatenga munthuyo [Adamu], namuika iye m’munda wa Edene kuti aulime nawuyang’anire. Ndipo Yehova Mulungu anamuuza munthuyo, nati, Mitengo yonse ya m’munda udyeko; koma mtengo wakudziŵitsa zabwino ndi zoipa usadye umenewo; chifukwa tsiku lomwe udzadya umenewo udzafa ndithu.” (Panopa Mulungu analankhula za imfa, osati monga mkhalidwe wosapeŵeka, koma monga chotulukapo cha uchimo. Anali kulimbikitsa Adamu kuipeŵa. Yerekezerani ndi Aroma 6:23.)

Gen. 2:8, 9: “Yehova Mulungu anabzala m’munda ku Edene chakummaŵa; momwemo ndipo adaika munthu adamuumbayo. Ndipo Yehova Mulungu anameretsa m’nthaka mitengo yose yokoma m’maso ndi yabwino kudya; ndiponso mtengo wa moyo pakati pamundapo.” (Pambuyo pa uchimo wa Adamu anthu aŵiriwo anathamangitsidwa kuchoka mu Edene kotero kuti asadye kuchokera kumtengo wa moyo, mogwirizana ndi kunena kwa Genesis 3:22, 23. Chotero kukuwonekera kuti ngati Adamu akanakhala womvera kwa Mlengi wake, m’nthaŵi yokwanira Mulungu akanamlola kudya za mtengo wamoyo umenewo monga chisonyezero cha kukhala kwake atatsimikizira kuyenerera kukhala ndi moyo kosatha. Kukhalapo kwa mtengo wa moyo m’Edene kunasonya ku chiyembekezo chotero.)

Sal. 37:29: “Olungama adzalandira dziko lapansi, nadzakhala momwemo kosatha.” (Lonjezo limeneli limamveketsa bwino lomwe kuti chifuno chachikulu cha Mulungu ponena za dziko lapansi ndi anthu sichinasinthe.)

Wonaninso tsamba 151, pamutu wankhani waukulu wakuti “Imfa.”

Koma ponena za ife lerolino, kodi kukhala ndi moyo wakanthaŵi, umene kaŵirikaŵiri umadodometsedwa ndi kuvutika, ndiko kumene moyo unalinganizidwira?

Aroma 5:12: “Monga uchimo unaloŵa m’dziko lapansi mwa munthu mmodzi [Adamu], ndi imfa mwa uchimo; chotero imfa inafikira anthu onse, chifukwa kuti onse anachimwa.” (Ndizo zimene tonsefe tinalandira monga choloŵa, osati chifukwa chakuti Mulungu analinganiza motero, chifukwa cha tchimo la Adamu.) (Wonaninso mutu waukulu wakuti “Choikidwiratu.”)

Yobu 14:1: “Munthu wobadwa ndi mkazi ngwamasiku oŵerengeka, nakhuta mavuto.” (Kwakukulukulu ndimo mmene moyo uliri m’dongosolo la zinthu lopanda ungwiro lino.)

Komabe, ngakhale m’mikhalidwe imeneyi miyoyo yathu ingakhale yopindulitsa kwambiri, yodzala ndi tanthauzo. Wonani mfundo ziri patsamba 290, 291 zonena za chifuno m’moyo wa munthu.

Kodi moyo padziko lapansi uli kokha malo otsimikizirira amene adzapita kumwamba?

Wonani tsamba 203-209, pamutu waukulu wakuti “Kumwamba.”

Kodi tiri ndi moyo wosakhoza kufa umene umapitirizabe kukhalapo pambuyo pa imfa yathupi?

Wonani tsamba 294-299, pamutu waukulu wakuti “Moyo (Soul).”

Kodi munthu angayembekezere pamaziko otani kukhala ndi woposa moyo wake wakanthaŵi wamakonowu monga munthu?

Mat. 20:28: “Mwana wa munthu [Yesu Kristu] sanadza kutumikiridwa koma kutumikira, ndi kupereka moyo wake dipo la anthu ambiri.”

Yoh. 3:16: “Mulungu anakonda dziko lapansi kotero, kuti anapatsa Mwana wake wobadwa yekha, kuti yense wakukhulupirira iye asataike, koma akhale nawo moyo wosatha.”

Aheb. 5:9: “Ndipo pamene [Yesu Kristu] anakonzeka wamphumphu anakhala kwa onse akumvera iye chifukwa cha chipulumutso chosatha.” (Wonaninso Yohane 3:36)

Kodi ndimotani mmene ziyembekezo za moyo wamtsogolo zidzakwaniritsidwira?

Mac. 24:15: “Ndi kukhala nacho chiyembekezo cha kwa Mulungu chimene iwo okhanso achilandira, kuti kudzakhala kuuka kwa olungama ndi osalungama.” (Zimenezi zidzaphatikizapo anthu amene kalero anatumikira Mulungu mokhulupirika kuphatikizapo chiŵerengero chachikulu cha amene sanadziŵe konse zokwanira ponena za Mulungu wowona kuti avomereze kapena akane njira zake.)

Yoh. 11:25, 26: “Yesu anati [kwa mlongo wa mwamuna amene mwamsanga pambuyo pake anamuukitsa], ine ndine kuuka ndi moyo: wokhulupirira ine, angakhale amwalira, adzakhala ndi moyo; ndipo yense wakukhala ndi moyo, nakhulupirira ine, sadzamwalira nthaŵi yonse. Kodi ukhulupirira ichi?” (Motero, kuwonjezera pa chiyembekezo cha chiukiriro, Yesu analonjeza kanthu kena kwa anthu okhala ndi moyo pamene dziko loipa lamakonoli lifika pamapeto ake. Okhala ndi chiyembekezo cha kukhala nzika za dziko lapansi za Ufumu wa Mulungu ali ndi chiyembekezo cha kupulumuka ndi kusafanso konse.)

Kodi pali umboni uliwonse mu mpangidwe wa thupi la munthu wakuti tinalengedwera kukhala ndi moyo kosatha?

Kukudziŵika mofala kuti kukhoza kwa ubongo waumunthu nkwakukulu kwambiri koposa kuugwiritsira ntchito kulikonse kumene timachita mkati mwa nthaŵi ya moyo yamakonoyi, kaya tikukhala ndi moyo zaka 70 kapena 100 za usinkhu. Encyclopædia Britannica ikufotokoza kuti ubongo waumunthu “uli ndi luso lalikulu kwambiri koposa limene liri lokhoza kudziŵidwa m’nthaŵi ya moyo wa munthuwe. (1976, Vol. 12, p. 998) Wasayansi wotchedwa Carl Sagan akufotokoza kuti ubongo waumunthu ungathe kukhala ndi chidziŵitso chimene “chingathe kudzaza mavoliyamu mamiliyoni makumi aŵiri, ochuluka monga momwe aliri m’malaibulare aakulu koposa a padziko.” (Cosmos, 1980, p. 278) Ponena za kukhoza kwa “dongosolo la kusunga zinthu” la ubongo wa munthu, katswiri wa sayansi ya zinthu zamoyo Isaac Asimov analemba kuti liri lokhoza kunyamula thayo lirilonse la kuphunzira ndi kukumbukira zimene munthu angaikepo—ndiponso, zoposa nthaŵi biliyoni za chiŵerengerocho.—The New York Times Magazine, October 9, 1966, p. 146. (Kodi nchifukwa ninji ubongo wamunthu unapatsidwa kukhoza koteroko ngati kunali kwakuti sukagwiritsiridwa ntchito? Kodi sikwanzeru kuti anthu, okhala ndi kukhoza kwa kuphunzira kosalekeza, analinganizidwiradi kukhala ndi moyo kosatha?)

Kodi pali moyo pa maplaneti ena?

The New York Times ikusimba kuti: “Kufunafuna zolengedwa za luntha kumalo ena m’chilengedwe chonse . . . kunayamba zaka 25 zapitazo . . . Ntchito yochititsa mantha, imene imaphatikizapo kupenda kosamalitsa nyenyezi mabiliyoni mazana ambiri, kufikira panopa sikunatulutse umboni wowoneka bwino wakuti moyo ungapezeke kutali ndi Dziko Lapansi.”—July 2, 1984, p. A1.

The Encyclopedia Americana imati: “Palibe maplaneti ena [kunja kwa maplaneti athu ozungulira dzuŵa] amene atumbidwa motsimikizirika. Koma paplaneti lirilonse limene lingakhaleko kunja kwa maplaneti ozungulira dzuŵa, pali kuthekera kwakuti moyo unayamba ndipo unasinthika kukhala kutsungula kwapamwamba.” (1977, Vol. 22, p. 176) (Monga momwe kwasonyezedwera m’mawu ameneŵa, kodi kungakhale kuli kwakuti chisonkhezero chachikulu m’kufunafuna moyo kutali m’mlengalenga kodya ndalama kopambanako ndiko chikhumbo cha kupeza umboni wina wanthanthi ya chisinthiko, umboni wina wakuti munthu sanalengedwe ndi Mulungu ndipo chotero saali ndi mangaŵa kwa Iye?)

Baibulo limavumbula kuti moyo padziko lino lapansi sindiwo wokha moyo umene ulipo. Pali zolengedwa zauzimu—Mulungu ndi angelo—amene ali apamwamba kwambiri kuposa munthu mu nzeru ndi m’mphamvu. Iwo alankhulana kale ndi anthu, kufotokoza chiyambi cha moyo ndi imene iri njira yothetsera mavuto othetsa nzeru amene amayang’anizana ndi dziko. (Wonani mutu waukulu wakuti “Baibulo” ndi wakuti “Mulungu.”)