Lingaliro la Baibulo

Kodi Tsiku Lirilonse Lakulenga Nthaŵi Zonse Linamaliza Zimene Linayamba?

NTHAŴI ndi nthaŵi, Mboni za Yehova zimafunsidwa ponena za dongosolo la kulenga monga yasonyezedwera m’bukhu lawo la Life—How Did It Get Here? By Evolution or by Creation? Ena a mafunso ameneŵa amasonya ku kusiyana pakati pa dongosolo la m’bukhulo ndi dongosolo lonenedwa ndi akatswiri ambiri ofufuza miyala la zochitika.

Mwachitsanzo, kumawonekera kuti akatswiri ofufuza miyala amandandalitsa mbalame kukhala zinawonekera pambuyo pa nyama zoyamwitsa, pamene bukhu la Creation, patsamba 37, limasonyeza kuwonekera kwa mbalame nyama zoyamwitsa zisanakhaleko.

Mosangalatsa, pamene kuli kwakuti akatswiri ambiri ofufuza miyala amalingalira kuti mbalame zinabwera pambuyo pa nyama zoyamwitsa, ena amakhulupirira kuti nyama zoyamwitsa zinawonekera pambuyo pa mbalame. Chitsanzo cha mfundo yomalizirayi chimapezeka m’buku lakuti Evolution, lolembedwa ndi Colin Patterson, patsamba 132. Izi zimasonyeza kuti umboni wochokera ku cholembedwa cha zokwiriridwa pansi zakale siwotsimikiza.

Koma kodi tsiku lirilonse lakulenga la Genesis mutu 1 nthaŵi zonse linakhala ndi kukwaniritsidwa kwa chimene chinayambidwa patsikulo, kapena kodi zochitika zakulenga zinapitiriza kupyola tsiku limene zinayamba? Pokhala lozikidwa pa Baibulo, bukhu la Creation limati zolengedwa zouluka zinayamba kulengedwa nyama zoyamwitsa zisanakhaleko. Liwu Lachihebri lotembenuzidwa “zolengedwa zouluka” pa Genesis 1:20, (NW) ndi ʽohph ndipo lingaphatikizepo tizilombo tamapiko ndi nyama zokwaŵa zouluka, zonga ngati pterosaurs. Tizilombo toyambirira tingakhale tinakhalako zolengedwa zonga pterosaurs zisanakhaleko, ndipo nyama zokwaŵa zouluka zamapiko opyapyala zimenezi zingakhale zinawonekera zisanakhaleko mbalame ndi nyama zoyamwitsa.

Cholembedwa cha Baibulo chakulenga sichimasimba mwatsatanetsatane wokulira ntchito zakulenga zonse za Yehova Mulungu. Chimangondandalitsa motsatizana zochitika zina zazikulu zochita ndi kukonzekeretsedwa kwa dziko lapansi kaamba ka zamoyo ndipo chimasonyeza kuwonekera kwadongosolo kwa magulu aakulu a zomera ndi moyo wa nyama. Mogwirizana ndi lingalirolo, cholembedwa cha Genesis sichimandandalitsa molekanitsa tizirombo tamapiko, nyama zokwaŵa zouluka, ndi mbalame koma chimaziika pamodzi pansi pa liwu lachisawawa, lokuta zonse Lachihebri lotembenuzidwa “zolengedwa zouluka.”

Mu Baibulo mpangidwe wosonyeza kuti ntchito njoyambidwa kale koma ikupitirizabe wa aneni Achihebri wogwiritsidwa ntchito pa Genesis mutu 1 umasonyeza kuti kulenga kunaphatikizapo ntchito yomapitiriza ya Mulungu. Ndipo masiku akulenga a Genesis mutu 1 sanali masiku amaola 24, koma iwo anakuta zaka zikwi zambiri.—Onani bukhu la Life—How Did It Get Here? By Evolution or by Creation?, masamba 26-7.

Mwachitsanzo, Genesis 1:3 amanena za kulengedwa kwa kuunika patsiku loyamba. Mogwirizana ndi matembenuzidwe a J. W. Watts, vesilo limati: “Pambuyo pake Mulungu anapitiriza kunena kuti, ‘Kukhale kuunika’; ndipo mwapang’onopang’ono kuunika kunakhalako.” Matembenuzidwe a Benjamin Wills Newton amapereka chithunzi chimodzimodzicho cha chochitika chomapitirizabe cha kachitidwe koyambidwa pamene amati: “Ndipo Mulungu anapitiriza kunena [mtsogolo] kuti, Kuunika kukhaleko, ndipo Kuunika kunapitiriza kukhalako [mtsogolo].” (Mabraketi nga Newton; kanyenye ngwathu m’malemba onse aŵiri.) Kuunika kumene kunaloŵa kufika pamtunda kunawonjezereka m’kuŵala mwapang’onopang’ono, ndipo kachitidweko kanapitiriza kunka mtsogolo.—Onani New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures—With References, yofalitsidwa ndi Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc., Appendix 3C, masamba 1572-3.

Tsiku loyamba silinamalize “kulenga” kuunika kwa dziko lapansi. Ndithudi, magwero ake analiko kale tsiku loyambalo lisanakhaleko koma anali osakhoza kuwoneka padziko lapansi. (Genesis 1:1) Tsiku loyamba linangolandira kuunika kwachimbuuzi komafika padziko lapansi, kotheketsedwa ndi kucheperachepera kwa mitambo yophimba yomwe inakuta dziko lapansi monga ‘nsalu yake yokulunga.’ (Yobu 38:9) Kuŵala padziko kunawonjezereka mwapang’onopang’ono ndi kucheperachepera kwa mitambo yotsekerezayo.

Pa tsiku lachiŵiri lakulenga, Mulungu anachititsa kulekana kuchitika pakati pa madzi padziko lapansi ndi aja apamwamba pake, kusiya thambo, kapena mlengamlenga, pakati pa madzi apamwamba ndi madzi apansi. Monga momwe Genesis 1:6, 7, matembenuzidwe a Watts, amatchulira kuti: “Kenaka Mulungu anapitiriza, kumati, ‘Kukhale thambo pakati pa madzi, ndiponso pakhale kulekana pakati pa madzi.’ Motero, Mulungu anapitiriza kugaŵa madzi amene anali pansi pa thambo ndi madzi amene anali pamwamba pa thambo; ndipo mwapang’onopang’ono kunakhala tero.” (Kanyenye ngwathu.) Monga momwe tsiku loyamba linakhalira ndi kuwonekera koyamba kwa kuunika padziko lapansi koma osati konse kokwanira, choteronso tsiku lachiŵiri linakhala ndi chiyambi cha thambo. Mkhalidwe wokwanira sunafikiridwe pomwepo.

Genesis 1:9, 11, matembenuzidwe a Watts, amanena za tsiku lachitatu kuti: “Kenaka Mulungu anapitiriza, kumati, ‘Madzi apansi pa miyamba asonkhane pamodzi kumalo amodzi, ndipo mtunda uwonekere’; ndipo mwapang’onopang’ono kunatero. Ndiyeno Mulungu anapitiriza, kumati, ‘Dziko lapansi libale udzu, zomera zobala mbewu, mitengo yobala zipatso imene iri ndi mbewu zawo zobala zipatso molingana ndi mtundu wawo padziko lapansi’; ndipo mwapang’onopang’ono kunatero.” (Kanyenye ngwathu.) Kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa liwu lakuti “mwapang’onopang’ono” kumasonyeza ntchito yakulenga yomapitirizabe, mosiyana ndi chochitika chimodzi panthaŵi imodzi m’ndandanda ya nthaŵi.

Tsiku lachinayi linakhala ndi masinthidwe odabwitsa: “Kenaka Mulungu anapitiriza, kumati, ‘Kukhale zounikira m’thambo lakumwamba kugaŵa pakati pa usana ndi usiku, ndipo zidzakhala zizindikiro za nyengo ndi masiku ndi zaka. Ndiponso zidzakhala zounikira m’thambo lakumwamba kupereka kuunika padziko lapansi’; ndipo mwapang’onopang’ono kunatero. Motero Mulungu anapitiriza kupanga zounikira zazikulu ziŵiri, chounikira chachikulu monga cholamulira masana, ndi chounikira chaching’ono monga cholamulira usiku, ndiponso ndi nyenyezi.”—Genesis 1:14-16, Watts, kanyenye ngwathu.

Tsopano, kwanthaŵi yoyamba, kuunika kwadzuŵa kokulira kunafika padziko lapansi. Magwero a kuunika—dzuŵa ndi mwezi ndi nyenyezi—zikawoneka padziko lapansi. M’cholembedwa cha tsiku loyamba lakulenga, liwu Lachihebri la kuunika ndi ʼohr, kuunika m’lingaliro lachisawawa; koma patsiku lachinayi, ndi ma·ʼohrʹ, kutanthauza magwero a kuunika.

Tsiku lachisanu linakhala ndi kulengedwa kwa mitundu ya zamoyo zimene zimakhala m’madzi, mwachiwonekere kuphatikizapo nyama zokwaŵa zam’madzi zazikulu. Cholembedwa cha Genesis chimati: ‘Ndipo anati Mulungu, Madzi abale zochuluka zamoyo zoyendayenda, ndi mbalame ziuluke pamwamba padziko lapansi ndi pamlengalenga. Mulungu ndipo adalenga zinsomba zazikulu ndi zoyendayenda zamoyo zakuchuluka m’madzi mwa mitundu yawo, ndi mbalame zamapiko, yonse monga mwa mtundu wake: ndipo anawona Mulungu kuti kunali kwabwino.’ (Genesis 1:20, 21) Pamenepa, iyi inalinso nyengo pamene zolengedwa zouluka zinayamba kupangidwa. Kulengedwa kwa ‘mbalame zamapiko, zonse monga mwa mtundu wake’ kunapitirizabe pambuyo pa kuyamba kwa nyengo yakulenga yomweyi mkati mwa tsiku lachisanu.

Genesis 2:19 akuwonekera kusonya ku kulenga komapitiriza koloŵetsamo zolengedwa zouluka, pakuti amati: “Yahweh Mulungu anapitirizabe kupanga kuchokera kunthaka zirombo za panthaka ndi mbalame zonse [“zolengedwa zonse zouluka,” NW] za m’mwamba ndi kuzibweretsa kwa munthu kuti awone mmene akazitchera maina.”—Watts, kanyenye ngwathu.a

Chotero cholembedwa cha Baibulo cha Genesis mutu 1 chimasonyeza kuti magulu aakulu a zomera ndi moyo wanyama anayamba kulengedwa ndi Mulungu pamene dziko lapansi linali litafika pa mkhalidwe woyenerera mtundu wakutiwakuti wa moyo wa zolengedwa. Kudzazidwa kwa magulu aakulu ameneŵa ndi mitundu yakeyake ya moyo, yonga ngati “zolengedwa zouluka,” kunali ntchito yopita patsogolo, yopitirizabe ya Mulungu. Ntchito yaumulungu yopitirizabe imeneyi ingakhale inapitirizabe kupyola mapeto a tsiku la kulenga pamene inayamba.

Cholembedwa cha akatswiri ofufuza miyala nchosakwanira ndipo nchothekera kumasulira mogwirizana ndi zikhoterero zanthanthi za awo ofuna kuvumbula mfundo zake zocholoŵanacholoŵana. Monga kwasonyezedwa m’bukhu la Creation, Baibulo liri lolondola mosasintha pamene likhudza nkhani zasayansi, kuphatikizapo dongosolo la kulenga.

[Mawu a M’munsi]

[Mawu Otsindika patsamba 27]

Ntchito yakulenga yomapitirizabe ikusonyezedwa ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa liwu lakuti “mwapang’onopang’ono”

[Mawu Otsindika patsamba 28]

Kulengedwa kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya moyo kunali ntchito yomapitirizabe ya Mulungu

[Zithunzi patsamba 29]

Kuunika kunawonekera kwanthaŵi yoyamba padziko lapansi patsiku loyamba, koma kunawonjezereka pamasiku otsatira

Tsiku 1

Tsiku 2

Tsiku 3

Tsiku 4

[Mawu a Chithunzi patsamba 26]

The Bettmann Archive