‘Mitembo Yambiri ya Anthu Oyera Mtima Inauka’

“DZIKO linagwedezeka, ndi miyala inang’ambika; ndi manda anatseguka, ndi mitembo yambiri ya anthu oyera mtima akugona kale, inauka; ndipo anatuluka m’manda mwawo pambuyo pa kuuka kwake, naloŵa mumzinda woyera, nawonekera kwa anthu ambiri.” (Mateyu 27:51-53) Katswiri Wachikatolika Karl Staab amatcha chochitika chimenechi cha pa imfa ya Yesu kukhala “chinsinsi choposa.” Kodi chinachitika nchiyani?

Epiphanius ndi Abambo Atchalitchi ena akale anaphunzitsa kuti oyera mtima amenewo anauka m’lingaliro lenileni ndipo anakwera kumwamba limodzi ndi Yesu woukitsidwayo. Augustine, Theophylactus, ndi Zigabenus anakhulupirira kuti akufa ameneŵa analandira chiukiriro chakanthaŵi koma pambuyo pake anabwerera m’manda awo. Komabe, lingaliro lotsirizirali “silinalandiridwe mofala,” akutero katswiri wotchedwa Erich Fascher. Pomasulira Mateyu 27:52, 53, matembenuzidwe ambiri a Mabaibulo amakono amapereka lingaliro lakuti chiukiriro chinachitika. New World Translation siimatero, imasonya kuziyambukiro zachivomezi. Chifukwa ninji?

Choyamba, alionse amene “anthu oyera mtima” amenewo anali, Mateyu sananene kuti iwo anaukitsidwa. Iye anati mitembo yawo, kapena zitanda, zinauka. Chachiŵiri, sananene kuti mitembo imeneyi inakhala yamoyo. Iye anati mitembo yawo inauka, ndipo mneni Wachigiriki e·geiʹro, wotanthauza “kuutsa,” samasonya nthaŵi zonse ku chiukiriro. Pakati pa zinthu zina, angatanthauzenso “kutulutsa” m’dzenje kapena “kutukula” kuchokera pansi. (Mateyu 12:11; 17:7; Luka 1:69) Chivomezi pa imfa ya Yesu chinatsegula manda, kutukulira poyera mitembo yopanda moyo. Zochitika zoterozo m’nthaŵi zachivomezi zinasimbidwa m’zaka za zana lachiŵiri C.E. ndi wolemba Wachigiriki Aelius Aristides ndipo posachedwapa kwambiri, mu 1962, mu Colombia.

Lingaliro limeneli la chochitikacho limagwirizana ndi ziphunzitso Zabaibulo. Mu 1 Akorinto mutu 15, mtumwi Paulo akupereka umboni wokhutiritsa wa chiukiriro, koma akunyalanyaza kotheratu Mateyu 27:52, 53. Choteronso olemba Baibulo ena onse. (Machitidwe 2:32, 34) Mitembo yotukulidwa pa imfa ya Yesu siikanakhala konse ndi moyo, monga momwe Epiphanius analingalirira, popeza kuti patsiku lachitatu pambuyo pake, Yesu anakhala “wobadwa woyamba wotuluka mwa akufa.” (Akolose 1:18) Akristu odzozedwa, otchedwanso “oyera mtima,” analonjezedwa mbali m’chiukiriro choyamba mkati mwa kukhalapo kwa Kristu, osati m’zaka za zana loyamba.​—1 Atesalonika 3:13; 4:14-17.

Ochitira ndemanga Baibulo ambiri akhala ndi vuto m’kulongosola vesi 53, ngakhale kuti angapo a iwo amalingalira kuti vesi 52 imafotokoza kutsegulidwa kwa manda ndichivomezi ndi kuwonekera kwa mitembo yokwiriridwa chatsopano. Mwachitsanzo, katswiri Wachijeremani Theobald Daechsel akupereka matembenuzidwe otsatiraŵa: “Ndipo manda anatseguka, ndipo mitembo yambiri ya oyera mtima yogona m’menemo inatukuka.”

Kodi ndani awo amene “analoŵa mumzinda woyera” nthaŵi yakutiyakuti pambuyo pake, Yesu ataukitsidwa? Monga momwe tawonera pamwambapo, mitembo yowonekerayo inakhalabe yopanda moyo, chotero Mateyu ayenera kukhala akusonya kwa anthu amene anapita kumandako ndi kubweretsa mbiri ya chochitikacho ku Yerusalemu. Chotero, kutembenuza kwa New World Translation kumamveketsa tanthauzo la Baibulo ndiponso sikumasokoneza oŵerenga ponena za chiukiriro.