anamgoneka, ndi kuthetsa mavuto a m’chitaganya. Koma mawu osatukwana angakhale akamodzikamodzi kwambiri, osati anthaŵi zonse. Pamene Newsweek inayesa marekodi khumi opambana a rap, mogwiritsira ntchito muyezo wofanana ndi umene mafilimu amayesedwa nawo ku United States, aŵiri okha ndiwo analingaliridwa kukhala G, kapena oyenera anthu onse. Newsweek inaika marekodi anayi pa R (ya anthu achikulire okha), ndipo aŵiri anaikidwadi pa X chifukwa cha “mawu otukwana” ndi kufotokoza kugonana mwatsatanetsatane.

Ndiponso, uthenga wa rap sumathera m’mawu ake chabe. Rap yachititsa kusintha kwa makhalidwe. Achichepere mamiliyoni ambiri amavala zovala zazikulu koposa, nsapato za tenesi zosamanga malamba ake zofika pamwamba pa akakolo, majini okhuthukira, maunyolo a golide, tizipewa ta baseball, ndi magalasi akuda zimene ziri zovala za rap. Ndiponso ambiri amatsanzira majesichala odziwonetsera ndi kakhalidwe ka oimba nyimbo za rap. Ndipo zodabwitsa kwa makolo ndi kwa aphunzitsi omwe, mawu opanda tanthauzo onga “yo!” ndi “dis”—mawu opotozedwa olankhulidwa ndi achichepere a m’makwalala othokozedwa ndi rap—aloŵerera m’chinenero cha masiku onse.

Kunena zowona nyimbo zina za rap zingatsutsedi chisalungamo. Koma rap yonse irinso njira ya moyo yopandukira miyezo ya Mulungu ya kakhalidwe, kavalidwe, ndi kalankhulidwe. Kodi Mkristu, ndi nyimbo zake zimene amakonda, angafune kudziika paupandu wa kuloŵetsedwa m’khalidwe lokaikitsalo?

Ndithudi, nyimbo za rap sindizo mtundu wokha wa nyimbo zimene zimakhala zoipitsitsa. Magazini a Time akusimba kuti: “Pafupifupi mbali iriyonse ya mtundu wa nyimbo zatsopano za pop za ku Amereka iri yoipa [yonyansa]. Kagulu ka akatswiri a heavy metal ka Motley Crüe kamapembedza zizindikiro za [S]atana ndipo ka Beastie Boys kamatsanzira kuchita psotopsoto kali pasteji.” Baibulo linalosera kuti ‘masiku otsiriza . . . anthu oipa ndi onyenga adzaipa chiipire, kusokeretsa ndi kusokeretsedwa.’ (2 Timoteo 3:1, 13) Pamenepatu, kodi zimenezi ziyenera kukudabwitsani kuti nyimbo zochuluka za lero zimapereka uthenga woipa kwa achichepere Achikristu?

Chotero makolo anu moyenerera angade nkhaŵa kwambiri ngati inu mumakonda rap kapena mitundu ina yopambanitsa ya nyimbo za rock. Iwo angawopere kuti kumvetsera nyimbo zotero nthaŵi zonse kungakuvulazeni. Kodi nkhaŵa zawo zingakhale zotsimikizirika? Kope lathu lotsatira lidzayankha funso limeneli.

Dziko Lathu Losakazidwa Kusakazako Kumakantha Madera Ambiri

MU JUNE wa chaka chatha, Msonkhano wa Dziko Lapansi wonena za malo okhala unachitidwa ku Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Panthaŵi yofananayo, m’mwezi umodzimodziwo, India Today inafalitsa nkhani yolembedwa ndi mmodzi wa akonzi ake Raj Chengappa. Nkhaniyo inali ndi mutu wakuti “Dziko Lovulala.” Ndime zake zotsegulira zinapereka malongosoledwe atsatanetsatane:

“Mu 1971 pamene Edgar Mitchell anapita kumwezi ndi Apollo 14, kuwona kwake koyamba dziko lapansi ali mumlengalenga kunamsangalatsa kwambiri. ‘Likuwoneka ngati juwelo lonyezimira la bluwu ndi loyera . . . Lokutidwa ndi mitambo yoyera yoyenda pang’onopang’ono mozungulira . . . Monga ngale yaing’ono m’nyanja yaikulu yakuda bi yosafotokozeka,’ iye anatumiza uthengawu mokondwera ku Houston pawailesi.

“Zaka makumi aŵiri ndi chimodzi pambuyo pake, ngati Mitchell anati atumizidwenso mumlengalenga, nthaŵi ino atavala magalasi apadera amene angamtheketse kuwona mpweya wosiyanasiyana wa m’mpweya wophimba dziko lapansi, angawone zosiyana kwambiri. Iye angawone ziboo zazikulu m’miyalo yotetezera ya ozone ku Antarctica ndi North America. Mmalo mwa juwelo lonyezimira la bluwu ndi loyera iye angawone dziko lapansi lachimbuuzi, lauve, lodzala mitambo yakuda yomazungulira ya madioxide a carbon ndi sulphur.

“Ngati Mitchell angatulutse kamera yake ndi kujambula zithunzithunzi za nkhalango zokuta dziko lapansi naziyerekezera ndi zimene anajambula mu ’71, iye angadabwe kuwona mmene zachepera. Ndipo ngati angatsegule telesikopo yake yapadera yoti imthandize kupenda zinyansi ziri m’madzi a padziko lapansi, akhoza kuwona miyalo ya paizoni yolukanalukana kumtunda ndi ntchintchi zakuda za phula la msewu zokuta mbali yaikulu ya pansi pa nyanja. ‘Kalanga ine. Houston,’ iye akanatero pawailesi, ‘kodi nchiyani chimene tachita padziko lapansi?’

“Kwenikweni, sitifunikira kupita pamtunda wa 36,000 km mumlengalenga kuti tidziŵe zimene tachita. Lerolino, timamwa, kupuma, kununkhiza ndi kuwona kuipitsa. Mkati mwa zaka 100, ndipo mamakaka zaka 30 zapitazo, anthu achititsa dziko lapansi kuyandikana kwambiri ndi tsoka. Mwakutaira mpweya wosiyanasiyana wochulukitsitsa wosunga kutentha mumpweya wophimba dziko lapansi tikuyambitsa kusintha kosakaza kwa mkhalidwe wa mphepo. Mpweya wosiyanasiyana umene mafiriji athu ndi makina oziziritsa ndi kutenthetsa zipinda amagwiritsira ntchito tsopano ukuchititsa kuwonongeka kwa muyalo wa ozone wotetezera dziko, kukumatichititsa kukhala okhoza kuyambukiridwa ndi kansa ya khungu ndipo kumasintha mpangidwe wa majini m’nyama zazing’ono. Pakali pano, tawononga malo aakulu, kusakaza nkhalango mowopsa, mosasamala kutaya matani ambiri a paizoni m’mitsinje ndi kuthira mankhwala akupha m’nyanja zathu.

“Tsopano chiwopsezo chachikulu koposa pa anthu chikuchokera m’kuwonongedwa kwa malo a dziko lapansi. Ndipo pafunikira kuyesayesa kwa padziko lonse kuti chipiyoyocho chiletsedwe.”

Atalongosola mavuto ambiri amene mitundu iyenera kuyesayesa kuthetsa okhudza malo a dziko, Raj Chengappa akumaliza nkhani yake ndi mawu aŵa: “Zonsezi ziyenera kuchitidwa mofulumira. Pakuti chiwopsezocho sichirinso mtsogolo mwa ana anu. Chiripo tsopano lino. Ndipo chafika.”

Chotero madokotala a dziko lapansi amalizinga. Misonkhano imachitidwa, mankhwala ake amaperekedwa, koma madokotalawo satha kumvana. Iwo amatsutsana. ‘Dziko silikudwala kwenikweni,’ ena amatero. ‘Liri pafupi kufa!’ enanso amafuula. Kukanganako kumakula, mankhwala amachuluka, madokotala amazengereza, pamene dziko lodwalalo likufookerapo. Palibe chimene chikuchitidwa. Iwo afunikira kuchita kufufuza kowonjezereka. Amalemba mankhwala ofunikira amene samaperekedwa. Kalanga ine, zonsezo zangokhala njira yochedwetsera zinthu kulola kuipitsa kupitirizabe ndi mapindu kuwonjezereka. Wodwalayo sakulandira mankhwala, matenda ŵake akukula, tsokalo likuzama, ndipo kusakazidwa kwa dziko lapansi kukupitirizabe.

Dziko lapansi ndi moyo umene ulipo nzocholoŵana kwambiri, nzolukana mocholoŵana. Mamiliyoni a zolengedwa zamoyo zodalirana anenedwa kukhala ngati lukanelukane wa moyo. Mutadula nkhosi imodzi, lukanelukaneyo amayamba kutombosoka. Chotupitsa pang’ono, chitupitsa mtanda wonse. Kugwetsedwa kwa nkhalango zamvula za m’malo otentha kumasonyeza zimenezi.

Mwa njira ya photosynthesis zomera za m’nkhalango yamvula zimakoka carbon dioxide m’mpweya ndi kubwezeramo oxygen. Zimatsopa madzi a mvula ochuluka koma zimagwiritsira ntchito ochepa kwambiri popanga chakudya chake. Ochuluka amatulutsidwiranso m’mpweya monga nthunzi. M’menemo amapanga mitambo yatsopano ya mvula imene iri yofunika kwambiri kuvumbitsira mvula nkhalangoyo ndi zomera zina ndi zinyama mamiliyoni ambiri zimene nkhalango yobiriŵirayo imasunga.

Ndiyeno nkhalangoyo imagwetsedwa. Carbon dioxide umakhalabe pamwamba monga bulanjeti kusunga kutentha kwa dzuŵa. Oxygen wochepa umawonjezedwa mumpweya kupindulitsa zinyama. Mvula yochepayo imaphwanso kuti ikapangenso mvula ina. Mmalo mwake, mvula iriyonse imene imagwa imathamangira m’mitsinje, ikumakokolola dothi lapamwamba lofunikira kukulitsa zomera. Mitsinje ndi nyanja zimadzala matope, nsomba zimafa. Matopewo amatengeredwa kunyanja ndipo amakwirira mathanthwe a m’mphepete mwa nyanja a kumalo otentha, ndipo mathanthwewo amazimiririka. Zomera ndi zinyama mamiliyoni ambiri zimene panthaŵi ina zinali zochuluka m’nkhalango yobiriŵira zimazimiririka, mvula yaikulu imene panthaŵi ina inathirira malowo imachepekera, ndipo pang’onopang’ono malowo amayamba kukhala chipululu. Kumbukirani, Chipululu cha Sahara chachikulucho mu Afirika panthaŵi ina chinali nkhalango yobiriŵira, koma tsopano chigawo cha mchenga chachikulu koposa padziko lapansi chimenechi chafutukukira kumbali zina za Yuropu.

Pa Msonkhano wa Dziko Lapansi, United States ndi maiko ena otukuka anagwiritsira ntchito mphamvu kuyesa kuchititsa Brazil ndi maiko ena osatukuka kuleka kugwetsa nkhalango zawo zamvula. Malinga ndi nkhani ya mu New York Times, “United States akunena kuti nkhalango, makamaka nkhalango za m’malo otentha, zikuwonongedwa paliŵiro lowopsa m’maiko osatukuka ndi kuti pulaneti lonse lidzakhala mumkhalidwe woipa. Nkhalango, iye akutero, ziri chuma cha dziko lonse chimene chimathandizira kusintha mkhalidwe wa mphepo mwakutsopa carbon dioxide wosunga kutentha ndipo ziri nkhokwe ya zamoyo zamitundu yambiri za padziko lapansi.”

Chinenezo cha chinyengo chinaperekedwa mofulumira ndi maiko osatukuka. Malinga ndi kunena kwa The New York Times, iwo “amaipidwa ndi zimene amawona kukhala kuyesayesa kuchepetsa ulamuliro wawo kochitidwa ndi maiko amene kale anadula mitengo yawo kuti apeze phindu koma amene tsopano akufuna kuika mtolo waukulu wa kusungitsa nkhalango za padziko lonse pa maiko amene akuyesayesa mwamphamvu kudzutsa chuma.” Woimira dziko la Malaysia ananena mosapita m’mbali: “Ndithudi, nkhalango zathu sitidzazisungira konse awo amene anawononga nkhalango zawozawo ndi amene tsopano akuyesa kunena kuti nkhalango zathu ziri mbali ya choloŵa cha mtundu wa anthu.” Kuchigawo cha Pacific Northwest, United States ali ndi 10 peresenti yokha ya nkhalango zake zakale zotsala, ndipo zikali kudulidwa, komabe iye akufuna kuti Brazil, amene akali ndi 90 peresenti ya nkhalango zake za Amazon, asiiretu kudula mitengo.

Awo amene amalalikira kwa ena kuti, ‘Musawononge nkhalango zanu,’ ngakhale pamene iwo akuwononga zawo, amafanana ndi aja ofotokozedwa pa Aroma 2:21-23: ‘Ndiwe tsono wakuphunzitsa wina, kodi ulibe kudziphunzitsa mwini? Iwe wakulalikira kuti munthu asabe, kodi uli kuba mwini wekha? Iwe wakunena kuti munthu asachite chigololo, kodi umachita chigololo mwini wekha? Iwe wakudana nawo mafano, umafunkha za m’kachisi kodi? Iwe wakudzitamandira pachilamulo, kodi uchitira Mulungu mwano ndi kulakwa kwako m’chilamulo?’ Kapena kunena m’lingaliro lokhudza malo a dziko, ‘iwe, wolalikira kuti, “Sungani nkhalango zanu,” umadula zako kodi?’

Zogwirizana kwambiri ndi kuwonongedwa kwa nkhalango ndizo nkhaŵa zonena za kutentha kwa dziko lonse. Sayansi ya mankhwala ndi kutentha njocholoŵana, koma nkhaŵa ikusumikidwa kwakukulukulu pa mankhwala a mtundu umodzi m’mpweya wophimba dziko lapansi, carbon dioxide. Ndiyo mbali yaikulu yochititsa kutentha kwa dziko lapansi. Ofufuza a pa Byrd Polar Research Center anapereka lipoti chaka chatha kuti “miyulu ya chipale chofeŵa ya pamapiri a m’madera otsika ndi okwezeka pang’ono tsopano ikusungunuka ndi kugumuka—ina ya iyo mofulumirapo—ndi kuti mlingo wa aisi imene iri m’miyulu ya chipale chofeŵa imeneyi umasonyeza kuti zaka 50 zapitazo zakhala zotentha kwambiri koposa nyengo ina iriyonse ya zaka 50” yodziŵika. Carbon dioxide wochepa kwambiri ungachititse nyengo zozizira kwambiri; wochuluka koposa ungachititse kusungunuka kwa aisi wachikhalire wa kumadera ozizira ndi kwa miyulu ya chipale chofeŵa ndi chigumula m’mizinda ya kunyanja.

Ponena za carbon dioxide, India Today inati:

“Ungakhale mbali yochepa chabe ya mpweya wosiyanasiyana wokhala m’mpweya wophimba dziko lapansi: 0.03 peresenti ya chiwonkhetso chonse. Koma popanda carbon dioxide, pulaneti lathu lingakhale lozizira ngati mwezi. Mwa kusunga kutentha kotulutsidwa ndi dziko lapansi, umasintha mlingo wa kutentha ndi kuzizira wa padziko lonse kukhala 15 digiri celsius yochirikiza moyo. Koma ngati kuchuluka kwake kuwonjezeka, dziko lapansi lingakhale lotentha koposa.

“Ngati masteshoni opima mkhalidwe wa mphepo ya padziko lonse akupereka chidziŵitso chodalirika, kutenthako kwachititsadi kupanikizika. Ma 1980 anali ndi zilimwe zisanu ndi chimodzi mwa zisanu ndi ziŵiri zotentha koposa kuyambira pamene kupima mkhalidwe wa mphepo kunayamba pafupifupi zaka 150