Eaa te Soul?
Te pauanga a te Pipiria
Te tuatua “soul” i roto i te Pipiria ko te urianga ïa o te reo Ebera neʹphesh e te reo Ereni psy·kheʹ. Te aiteanga o te tuatua Ebera te “au mea ora e akaea ra,” e te aiteanga o te tuatua Ereni e “tangata ora.”a Ko te soul i reira, ko te au mea ora, kare e ko tetai apinga i roto i te tangata te ka ora ua atu me mate te kopapa. Ka akara ana e ka akapeea te Pipiria i te akakite anga mai i te human soul e tangata ïa:
Kare i orongaia te soul kia Adamu—kua ‘riro akera ei tangata ora’
I te anga mai anga te Atua ko Iehova i te tangata mua, ko Adamu, te akakite ra te Pipiria e kua “riro akera te tangata ei tangata ora.” (Genese 2:7, King James Version) Kare i orongaia ana te soul kia Adamu—mari ra kua riro akera aia ei tangata ora.
Karanga te Pipiria ka rauka te soul te angaanga, te kaki kai, kaikai, te akarongo ki te au ture, e te amiri i te kopapa mate. (Levitiku 5:2; 7:20; 23:30; Deuteronomi 12:20; Roma 13:1) E au angaanga tei raveia e te tangata.
E mea mate kore ainei te soul?
Kare, ka mate te soul. E maata te au irava Pipiria e taiku ra i te soul e e au mea ora te ka mate. Teia te au akaraanga:
“Te vaerua [soul] e rave i te ara ra, ko te ka mate ïa.”—Ezekiela 18:4, 20, King James Version.
I Iseraela o mua ana, te utunga no tetai tangata tei rave i te ara kino ka “tipu keia ïa” aia. (Exodo 12:15, 19; Levitiku 7:20, 21, 27; 19:8, King James Version) Ka “tamate takiriia” te reira tangata.—Exodo 31:14, King James Version.
I muri mai me mate tetai tangata, te tuatua tangata mate e taikuia ana ki te kopapa mate i roto i tetai au irava Pipiria. (Levitiku 21:11; Numero 6:6) Noatu e taiku ana tetai urianga Pipiria i teia e “kopapa mate” me kore e “tangata mate” i teia au irava, kua taangaangaia te tuatua Ebera neʹphesh, me kore “soul.”
Te aiteanga o te tuatua “soul” e “ora”
Tetai tuatua katoa e taiku ana te Pipiria i te “soul” e “ora.” Ei akaraanga ia Iobu 33:22 te reo Ebera no te “soul” (neʹphesh) tetai aiteanga e “ora.” Pera katoa, te akakite maira te Pipiria i te soul, koia oki te ora o tetai tangata, ka ngere aia i te reira.—Exodo 4:19; Akava 9:17; Philipi 2:30.
Tauturu teia urianga o te “soul” ia tatou kia mārama i tetai au irava tei uri i te tuatua soul e “vaitata akera te mate” me kore “ope akera i te mate.” (Genesis 35:18; King James Version) Akataka maira teia aerenga manako i te oraanga o tetai tangata e mate atura. Tetai urianga no teia manako ia Genese 35:18 kua “akaea atura aia i tona aʼo openga.”—Good News Translation; New Jerusalem Bible.
Noea mai te irinakianga e kare te soul e mate
Te au akonoanga Kerititiano e irinaki ra e kare te soul e mate, kua rauka mai teia apiianga kare no roto mai i te Pipiria mari ra e apiianga Ereni ïa. Akakite ra te Encyclopædia Britannica e: “Kua akatakaia te tuatua soul i roto i te au irava Pipiria ki te aʼo ora e kare i aiteite ki te vaerua e te kopapa vaerua. Te irinakianga o tetai Kerititiano no te akatakake o te kopapa e te vaerua, e apiianga ïa na te aronga kite o Ereni o mua ana.”
Kare te Atua e āriki ana e kia kaʼiroia tana apiianga ki te apiianga a te tangata, mei te apiianga kare te soul e mate. Mari ra te akakite maira te Pipiria: “E matakite ko te pou aea kotou i te tuatua pakari e te pikikaa puapinga kore a tetai tangata atu.”—Kolosa 2:8.
a Akara i The New Brown, Driver, and Briggs Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament, kapi 659, e te Lexicon in Veteris Testamenti Libros, kapi 627. Maata te au urianga Pipiria e uri ana i teia nga reo neʹphesh e te psy·kheʹ kia tau ki te katoa anga o te aerenga manako, te urianga tukeke ko te “soul,” “oraanga,” “tangata,” “mea ora,” me kore te “kopapa.”