Woba umaze guhonja umukate w’ubuzima?

IZO ngenzi zari zishonje. Gutembera mu bibanza vy’icibutso biri mu gisagara ca kera ca Betelehemu vyari vyatumye zigira akayabagu kadasanzwe, zikaba rero zaripfuza guhonja ku bifungurwa vyo ng’aho. Umwe muri bo yarabonye resitora imwe badandazamwo udufungurwa turyoshe tugizwe n’igicucume c’ubushaza, itomati, ibitunguru n’izindi mboga, biherekejwe n’udukate tw’umuzingi bita pita. Utwo dufungurwa turyoshe twarabahaye inguvu zo kubandanya batembera.

Mu kurya utwo dukate duciye bugufi bita pita, abo bashitsi ntibari bazi ko bakoze ikintu gifitaniye isano na kahise k’aho hantu kuruta kumbure ibindi vyose bakoze uwo musi. Izina Betelehemu risobanura ngo “Inzu y’umukate,” kandi umukate uramaze imyaka ibihumbi wotswa muri ako karere. (Rusi 1:22; 2:14) Muri iki gihe, udukate bita pita turi mu mikate iranga Betelehemu.

Haraheze imyaka hafi ibihumbi bine Sara umugore wa Aburahamu afashe ifu akotsa umukate wo kuzimana abashitsi batatu bari baje atavyiteze, hakaba hari hafi y’i Betelehemu amaja mu bumanuko. (Itanguriro 18:5, 6) “Ifu inoze” Sara yakoresheje ishobora kuba yari iy’ubwoko bw’ingano bita amidonnier canke iya sayiri. Sara vyabaye ngombwa ko ategura utwo dutsima anyarutsa kandi ashobora kuba yatwokeje ku mabuye yashuhijwe.​—1 Abami 19:6.

Umuryango wa Aburahamu warategura ukongera ukotsa umukate wabo bwite, nk’uko iyo nkuru ivyerekana. Kuba baza barimukanga bishobora kuba vyaratuma Sara n’abasuku biwe badashobora kwotsa umukate mu mafuru ameze nk’ayo bakoresha mu gisagara Sara yaturukamwo c’i Uri. Sara yarategura ifu inoze mu ntete z’ahantu yaba ageze. Ico gitegerezwa kuba cari igikorwa kitoroshe casaba ko akoresha urusyo yagendana rw’amaboko, kumbure akanakoresha isekuro n’umusekuzo.

Inyuma y’ibinjana bine, rya Tegeko rya Musa ryavuze ko urusyo rw’amaboko rutashobora gufatwa nk’ingwati y’ingurane, kubera ko rwari “ubuzima” bw’umuntu. (Gusubira mu vyagezwe 24:6) Imana yabona ko urwo rusyo ruhambaye kubera yuko umuryango utashobora gutegura umukate wabo wa buri musi utarufise.​—Raba uruzitiro ruvuga ngo “Ingene kera basya ingano bakongera bakotsa imikate buri musi.”

UMUKATE UDUTUNGIRA UBUZIMA

Bibiliya iravuga umukate incuro amajana, kandi abanditse Bibiliya barakoresheje cane ijambo “umukate” bashaka kuvuga ivyokurya. Yezu yarerekanye ko abakorera Imana bashobora gusaba Imana ata mazinda bati: “Uduhe uno musi ibifungurwa vyacu vy’uyu musi,” canke “umukate” wacu w’uyu musi. (Matayo 6:11, akajambo k’epfo) Ijambo ry’ikigiriki ryahinduwe ng’aho ngo “ibifungurwa” risobanura umukate, ariko rikaba rishaka kuvuga imfungurwa muri rusangi. Yezu yashaka rero kwerekana ko twokwizigira yuko Imana izoturonsa ibitubeshaho buri musi.​—Zaburi 37:25.

Ariko rero, hariho ikintu gihambaye kuruta umukate canke ibifungurwa. Yezu yavuze ati: “Umuntu ntakabeshweho n’umukate gusa, mugabo azobeshwaho n’ijambo ryose rizanana mu kanwa ka Yehova.” (Matayo 4:4) Ayo majambo yerekeza ku gihe Abisirayeli babeshwaho n’ivyo Imana yabaha vyonyene. Ivyo vyatanguye ata gihe kinini giheze bavuye mu Misiri. Hari haheze nk’ukwezi binjiye mu bugaragwa bwa Sinayi, ibifungurwa bari bafise bikaba vyariko birabaherana. Kubera bari bafise ubwoba bw’uko bagiye kwicwa n’ikigoyi muri ako gahinga kagadutse, baridodomvye n’ishavu n’akantu bavuga ko bakiri mu Misiri ‘birira umukate bagahaga.’​—Kuvayo 16:1-3.

Nta woharira ko umukate wo mu Misiri wari uryoshe. Mu gihe ca Musa, abahinga mu vyo kwotsa imikate bararonsa Abanyamisiri ubwoko butandukanye bw’imikate. Ariko Yehova nta ntumbero yari afise yo kureka abantu biwe ngo bagume ata mukate namba bafise. Yabasezeraniye ati: “Ehe ngira ndabacuncuburire umukate uvuye mu majuru.” Emwe, imvugo yabaye yo ngiro. Uwo mukate uvuye mw’ijuru warabonetse mu gatondo ka kare umeze nk’ “ibintu vy’utubarara tw’intimba ntonto” twashaka gusa n’ikime canke utubarafu. Abisirayeli bakiwubona ubwa mbere babajije bati: “Ibi ni ibiki?” Musa yabasiguriye ati: “Ni umukate Yehova abahaye ngo mufungure.” Baciye bawita manu,a kandi ni wo wabatunze mu myaka 40 yakurikiye.​—Kuvayo 16:4, 13-15, 31.

Iyo manu y’igitangaro itegerezwa kuba yabanje gutangaza Abisirayeli. Yari ifise akanovera nk’ak’ “udutsima tubase turimwo ubuki,” kandi haraboneka iyikwiye bose. (Kuvayo 16:18) Ariko uko igihe carenganye, baratanguye gukumbura ubwoko butandukanye bw’imfungurwa bari barafunguye mu Misiri. Bidodomvye bati: “Nta kindi tuguma duhanze amaso atari manu.” (Guharūra 11:6) Mu nyuma baradutse bati: “Dusigaye twarazinutswe uyu mukate ugayitse.” (Guharūra 21:5) Uwo “mukate uva mw’ijuru” wahavuye ucika ikintu kibabihira kandi kibasesema.​—Zaburi 105:40.

UMUKATE W’UBUZIMA

Vy’ukuri, biroroshe ko dusanga twafashe umukate nk’ikintu gisanzwe, cokimwe n’ibindi bintu vyinshi. Ariko Bibiliya iravuga ibijanye n’umukate udasanzwe tudakwiye gukengera. Uwo mukate Yezu yawugereranije na ya manu Abisirayeli biyamiriza n’agasuzuguro kenshi, ukaba ushobora kuturonsa ivyiza vy’ibihe bidahera.

Yezu yabwiye abamwumviriza ati: “Ni jewe mukate w’ubuzima. Ba sogokuruza banyu barariye manu mu gahinga yamara barapfa. Uyu ni wo mukate umanuka uva mw’ijuru, kugira ngo umuntu wese awuryeko ntapfe. Ni jewe mukate muzima wamanutse uva mw’ijuru; nihagira uwurya kuri uwo mukate azobaho ibihe vyose; kandi vy’ukuri, umukate nzotanga ni umubiri wanje kugira ngo isi ironke ubuzima.”​—Yohani 6:48-51.

Benshi mu bariko barumviriza Yezu ntibatahuye ico yashaka kuvuga igihe yakoresha ijambo “umukate” n’ijambo “umubiri.” Mugabo ico kigereranyo cari kibereye cane. Umukate usanzwe ni wo watunga abo Bayuda ku musi ku musi, kurya nyene manu yari yaratunze Abisirayeli mu myaka 40 bamaze mu gahinga. Naho manu yari ingabirano iva ku Mana, ntiyashoboye gutanga ubuzima budahera. Ikimazi Yezu yatanze coco kiraronsa iyo mpera abamwizera. Emwe, Yezu ni “umukate w’ubuzima” koko.

Igihe ushonje, uca kumbure urondera umukate. Woshobora kandi guca ushimira Imana kubona uronse “umukate wa buri musi.” (Matayo 6:11, The New English Bible) Naho dushima ibifungurwa biryoshe turonka, ese tutokwigera twibagira agaciro ka wa “mukate w’ubuzima,” ni ukuvuga Yezu Kristu.

Dushobora kwerekana gute ko dutandukanye na ba Bisirayeli b’intashima bo mu gihe ca Musa, tukerekana ko tudafata nk’ikintu gisanzwe uwo mukate w’igiciro ntangere? Yezu yavuze ati: “Nimba munkunda, muzokwubahiriza amabwirizwa yanje.” (Yohani 14:15) Kwubahiriza amabwirizwa ya Yezu bituma tugira icizigiro co kuzorya umukate turyoherwe ibihe bidahera.​—Gusubira mu vyagezwe 12:7.