Umuntu Ukomeye Kuruta Abandi Bose mu Bihe Byose

MBESE, hari umuntu uwo ari we wese ushobora kwitwa umuntu ukomeye kuruta abandi bose mu bihe byose nta mpaka? Ni iki upimiraho ugukomera k’umuntu? Mbese, ni ku buhanga bwe mu rwego rwa gisirikare? ku mbaraga ze? cyangwa ku buhanga bwe?

Umuhanga mu by’amateka witwa H. G. Wells yavuze ko gukomera k’umuntu bishobora gupimirwa ku ‘bikorwa yasize mu nyuma ze, no ku kumenya niba yaratumye abandi batangira kugira imitekerereze mishya irangwa n’imbaraga zakomeje no hanyuma ye.’ N’ubwo Wells atigeze yihandagaza avuga ko ari Umukristo, yarivugiye ati “ku bihereranye n’iryo suzuma, Yesu ni we uza mu mwanya wa mbere.”

Alexandre le Grand, Charlemagne (wiswe “Mukuru” ndetse no mu gihe yari akiriho), na Napoléon Bonaparte, bari abategetsi bakomeye. Binyuriye ku gihagararo cyabo giteye ubwoba, bagize ingaruka zikomeye ku bo bategekaga. Nyamara kandi, Napoléon avugwaho kuba yaragize ati “Yesu Kristo yagize ingaruka ku bayoboke Be kandi abategeka adahari mu buryo bw’umubiri bugaragara.”

Binyuriye ku nyigisho za Yesu zari zifite imbaraga no kuba yarabagaho mu buryo buhuje na zo, yagize ingaruka zikomeye ku mibereho y’abantu mu myaka igera hafi ku bihumbi bibiri. Ibyo bihuje n’uko umwanditsi umwe yabisobanuye neza agira ati “ingabo zose zaba zarakoze imyiyereko, amato yose yaba yarubatswe, inteko zose zishinga amategeko zaba zarateranye n’abami bose baba barategetse, ibyo byose bikomatanyirijwe hamwe ntibyigeze bigira ingaruka mu buryo bukomeye bene ako kageni ku mibereho y’abantu batuye kuri iyi si.”

Ni Umuntu Uzwi mu Mateka

Igitangaje ariko, ni uko hari abantu bamwe bavuga ko Yesu atigeze abaho—ko mu by’ukuri ari umuntu wahimbwe n’abagabo runaka bo mu kinyejana cya mbere. Mu gusubiza abo bemeragato, umuhanga mu by’amateka wemerwa cyane witwa Will Durant yagize ati “kuvuga ko mu gihe kimwe abantu bake kandi boroheje baba barahimbye inkuru ihereranye n’umuntu ukomeye cyane kandi ushishikaje bene ako kageni, bakihimbira ibyo kujya bagira imyifatire ihanitse mu birebana n’umuco hamwe n’igitekerezo gishishikaje cyane cyo kugirana imishyikirano ya kivandimwe, byaba ari igitangaza gikomeye cyane kuruta ibindi byose byanditswe mu Mavanjiri.”

Ibaze ibi bikurikira: mbese, umuntu utarigeze abaho yashoboraga kugira ingaruka ku mateka ya kimuntu mu buryo butangaje bene ako kageni? Igitabo The Historians’ History of the World cyagize kiti “ibikorwa [bya Yesu] byagize ingaruka zikomeye ku mateka, ndetse no mu buryo bw’isi bwo kubona ibintu, kurusha ibikorwa by’undi muntu uwo ari we wese wabayeho. Igihe gishya, cyemerwa n’amasanzuramuco akomeye yo mu isi, cyatangiye kubarwa bahereye ku ivuka rye.”

Bitekerezeho nawe. Za kalendari zo muri iki gihe na zo zibara amatariki zihereye ku mwaka utekerezwaho kuba ari wo Yesu yavutsemo. Igitabo The World Book Encyclopedia kivuga ko “amatariki abanziriza uwo mwaka avugwaho ko ari aya M.K., cyangwa mbere ya Kristo. Naho aya nyuma y’uwo mwaka akavugwaho ko ari aya A.D., cyangwa anno Domini (mu mwaka w’Umwami wacu).”

Ariko kandi, abajora ibintu bavuga ko mu by’ukuri ibyo tuzi byose ku bihereranye na Yesu nta handi biboneka hatari muri Bibiliya. Bavuga ko nta zindi nyandiko ziriho zo mu gihe cye zivuga ibihereranye na we. Ndetse na H. G. Wells yaranditse ati “abahanga mu by’amateka ba kera b’Abaroma ntibigeze bagira icyo bahingutsa kuri Yesu; nta kanunu yasize mu nyandiko z’amateka y’igihe cye.” Ariko se, ibyo ni ko biri koko?

Inyandiko z’abahanga mu by’amateka zivuga ibihereranye na Yesu Kristo ziriho n’ubwo ari nke bwose. Tacite, umuhanga mu by’amateka w’Umuroma wemerwa cyane wo mu kinyejana cya mbere yaranditse ati “izina [Umukristo] rikomoka kuri Kristo, uwo umutware Ponsiyo Pilato yishe ku ngoma ya Tibère.” Abandi banditsi b’Abaroma bo muri icyo gihe, ari bo Suétone na Pline le Jeune, na bo bagize icyo bavuga ku bihereranye na Kristo. Byongeye kandi, Flavius Josèphe, umuhanga mu by’amateka w’Umuyahudi wo mu kinyejana cya mbere yanditse ibihereranye na Yakobo, uwo yavuzeho ko ari “umuvandimwe wa Yesu, witwaga Kristo.”

Ni yo mpamvu igitabo The New Encyclopædia Britannica cyanzuye kigira kiti “izo nkuru zidafite aho zibogamiye zigaragaza ko ndetse n’abarwanyaga Ubukristo mu bihe bya kera batigeze bashidikanya ko Yesu yabayeho rwose, ibyo bikaba byaratangiye kugibwaho impaka ku ncuro ya mbere, kandi biturutse ku mpamvu zidafite ishingiro, mu mpera z’ikinyejana cya 18, mu kinyejana cya 19 no mu ntangiriro z’ikinyejana cya 20.”

Icyakora, ibintu byose bizwi kuri Yesu ahanini byanditswe n’abigishwa be bo mu kinyejana cya mbere. Inyandiko zabo zazigamwe mu Mavanjiri—ni ukuvuga ibitabo bya Bibiliya byanditswe na Matayo, Mariko, Luka na Yohana. Ni iki izo nkuru zivuga ku bihereranye n’uwo Yesu ari we?

Mu by’Ukuri Se, Yari Muntu Ki?

Abo Yesu yifatanyaga na bo mu kinyejana cya mbere batekereje kuri icyo kibazo. Igihe babonaga Yesu acyaha inyanja yari yahungabanyijwe n’ishuheri y’umuyaga maze agatuma ituza mu buryo bw’igitangaza, byarabatangaje maze baribaza bati “mbega uyu ni muntu ki?” Ikindi gihe nyuma y’aho, Yesu yabajije intumwa ze ati “mwebwe ubwanyu mugira ngo ndi nde?”—Mariko 4:41; Matayo 16:15.

Mbese, mu gihe waba ubajijwe icyo kibazo, wasubiza ute? Mbese koko, Yesu yari Imana? Muri iki gihe, hari benshi bavuga ko yari Imana. Ariko kandi, abo yifatanyaga na bo ntibigeze na rimwe bizera ko yari Imana. Intumwa Petero yashubije ikibazo cya Yesu igira iti “uri Kristo, Umwana w’Imana ihoraho.”—Matayo 16:16.

Yesu ntiyigeze na rimwe yivugaho ko ari Imana, ahubwo yemeye ko ari we Mesiya wasezeranyijwe, cyangwa Kristo. Nanone kandi, yavuze ko atari Imana, ahubwo ko yari “Umwana w’Imana” (Yohana 4:25, 26; 10:36). Icyakora, Bibiliya ntivuga ko Yesu yari umuntu usanzwe nk’abandi bose. Yari umuntu wihariye cyane kubera ko yaremwe n’Imana mbere y’ibindi bintu byose (Abakolosayi 1:15). Mu myaka ibarirwa muri za miriyari zitabarika, ndetse na mbere y’uko isanzure ry’ijuru riremwa, Yesu yabaga mu ijuru ari umuntu wo mu buryo bw’umwuka, kandi yari afitanye imishyikirano ya bugufi cyane na Se, Yehova Imana, Umuremyi Mukuru.—Imigani 8:22, 27-31.

Hanyuma, Imana yimuriye ubuzima bw’Umwana wayo mu nda y’umugore, ubu hakaba hashize imyaka igera hafi ku bihumbi bibiri, maze Yesu ahinduka umwana wa kimuntu w’Imana, wabyawe n’umugore mu buryo busanzwe (Abagalatiya 4:4). Igihe Yesu yakuriraga mu nda ya nyina n’igihe yabyirukaga, yabeshwagaho n’abo Imana yari yaratoranyije ngo babe ababyeyi be bo ku isi. Amaherezo, Yesu yaje kuba mukuru maze ahabwa ubushobozi bwo kwibuka mu buryo bwuzuye imishyikirano yahoze afitanye n’Imana mu ijuru.—Yohana 8:23; 17:5.

Icyatumye Aba Umuntu Ukomeye Kuruta Abandi Bose

Igituma Yesu aba umuntu ukomeye kuruta abandi bose mu bihe byose, ni uko yiganye Se wo mu ijuru mu buryo bunonosoye. Kubera ko Yesu yari Umwana wizerwa, yiganye Se mu buryo bwuzuye, akaba ari na yo mpamvu yabwiye abigishwa be ati “umbonye, aba abonye Data” (Yohana 14:9, 10). Mu mimerere yose yahuye na yo hano ku isi, yakoze ibihuje n’uko Se, Imana Ishoborabyose, yari kubikora. Yesu yagize ati ‘nta cyo nkora ku bwanjye; ahubwo uko Data yanyigishije, ni ko mvuga’ (Yohana 8:28). Bityo rero, iyo twiga ibihereranye n’imibereho ya Yesu Kristo, mu by’ukuri tubona ishusho yuzuye ya kamere y’Imana.

Ni yo mpamvu intumwa Yohana yanditse ivuga ko “Imana ari urukundo,” n’ubwo yahamije ko “nta muntu wigeze kubona Imana” (Yohana 1:18; 1 Yohana 4:8). Yohana yashoboraga kuvuga atyo bitewe n’uko yamenye urukundo rw’Imana binyuriye ku byo yabonye kuri Yesu, we wagaragaje ishusho ya Se mu buryo butunganye. Yesu yarangwaga n’impuhwe, ineza, kwicisha bugufi no kuba umuntu wishyikirwaho. Abanyantege nke n’abakandamizwaga bumvaga bamerewe neza iyo babaga bari kumwe na we, kimwe n’abandi bantu b’ingeri zose—baba abagabo, abagore, abana, abakire, abakene, abakomeye ndetse n’abanyabyaha ba ruharwa. Abantu b’umutima wuzuye ubugome ni bo bonyine batamwishimiraga.

Mu by’ukuri, Yesu ntiyatoje abigishwa ibyo gukundana mu nyigisho gusa, ahubwo yanaberetse uko bagombaga kubigenza. Yagize ati “nk’uko nabakunze, mube ari ko namwe mukundana” (Yohana 13:34). Hari umwe mu ntumwa ze wavuze ko kumenya “urukundo rwa Kristo birenze ubumenyi” (Abefeso 3:19, NW). Ni koko, urukundo rwagaragajwe na Kristo rurenze ubumenyi bw’ubwenge bubonerwa mu mashuri kandi ‘ruhatira’ abandi kurwitabira (2 Abakorinto 5:14). Bityo rero, urugero ruhebuje rw’urukundo Yesu yagaragaje, ni rwo cyane cyane rwatumye aba umuntu ukomeye kuruta abandi bose mu bihe byose. Urukundo rwe rwakoze ku mitima y’abantu babarirwa muri za miriyoni uko ibinyejana byagiye bihita, kandi rwagize ingaruka nziza ku mibereho yabo.

Ariko kandi, hari bamwe bashobora kurwanya icyo gitekerezo bagira bati ‘reba nawe ubugizi bwa nabi bwagiye bukorwa mu izina rya Kristo—Intambara z’Abanyamisaraba, Urukiko rwa Kiliziya Gatolika rwaciraga imanza abataravugaga rumwe na yo, n’intambara abantu babarirwa muri za miriyoni biyita Abakristo bagiye bicaniramo bari mu bice bibiri byabaga bishyamiranye.’ Mu by’ukuri ariko, abo bantu baba babeshya iyo bihandagaza bavuga ko ari abigishwa ba Yesu. Inyigisho ze n’imibereho ye biciraho iteka ibikorwa byabo. Ndetse n’Umuhindu witwaga Mohandas Gandhi yasunikiwe kuvuga ati ‘nkunda Kristo ariko nkanga Abakristo kubera ko batabaho nk’uko Kristo yabagaho.’

Ungukirwa no Kwiga Ibimwerekeyeho

Mu by’ukuri, nta nyigisho zishobora kuba iz’ingenzi cyane muri iki gihe kurusha inyigisho zihereranye n’imibereho ya Yesu Kristo n’umurimo we. Intumwa Pawulo yaduteye inkunga agira ati “[m]utumbir[e] Yesu wenyine . . . . Nuko muzirikane uwo.” Kandi ku birebana n’Umwana w’Imana, yo ubwayo yarategetse iti “mumwumvire.” (Iryo jambo riri mu nyuguti ziberamye ni twe twaryanditse dutyo.) Ibyo ni byo iki gitabo Umuntu Ukomeye Kuruta Abandi Bose mu Bihe Byose kizagufasha gukora.—Abaheburayo 12:2, 3; Matayo 17:5.

Hashyizweho imihati kugira ngo hagaragazwe buri kintu cyose cyabayeho mu mibereho ya Yesu ku isi cyanditswe mu Mavanjiri ane, hakubiyemo za disikuru n’ingero yatanze, hamwe n’ibitangaza yakoze. Mu buryo bushoboka bwose, buri kintu cyose cyagiye kivugwa mu mwanya wacyo hakurikijwe igihe cyabereyeho. Ku mpera za buri gice hari urutonde rw’imirongo yo muri Bibiliya icyo gice gishingiyeho. Turagutera inkunga yo gusoma iyo mirongo no gusubiza ibibazo by’isubiramo byatanzwe.

Hari intiti imwe yo muri Kaminuza y’i Chicago iherutse kuvuga iti “hari byinshi byanditswe kuri Yesu muri iyi myaka makumyabiri ya nyuma kurusha ibyanditswe mu gihe cy’imyaka ibihumbi bibiri ishize.” Ariko kandi, ni iby’ingenzi cyane ko buri wese ku giti cye yakwisuzumira inkuru zo mu Ivanjiri, kubera ko nk’uko igitabo The Encyclopædia Britannica kibivuga, “abanyeshuri benshi bo muri iki gihe usanga bashishikajwe cyane n’ibitekerezo bivuguruzanya bitangwa ku bihereranye na Yesu n’Amavanjiri, ku buryo bapfobya ibyo kwiga ubwabo izo nkuru.”

Dutekereza ko igihe uzaba umaze gusuzuma inkuru zo mu Ivanjiri ubigiranye ubwitonzi kandi udafite uruhande ubogamiyeho, uzemera ko mu gihe cy’ubutegetsi bw’Umuroma witwaga Kayisari Awugusito habayeho ikintu gikomeye kurusha ibindi byose byabayeho mu mateka ya kimuntu, igihe Yesu w’i Nazareti yazaga kugira ngo atange ubuzima bwe ku bwacu.