Mbese, Ushobora Kwemera Bibiliya?

KWEMERA Bibiliya biracyari ibintu byogeye cyane, ndetse no mu isi yo muri iki gihe. Urugero, mu iperereza riherutse gukorwa ku Banyamerika n’ikigo cyitiriwe Gallup, abantu 80 ku ijana bagaragaje ko bemera ko Bibiliya ari Ijambo ry’Imana ryahumetswe. Abantu bemera Bibiliya bo mu karere k’iwanyu, baba ari benshi batyo cyangwa ari bake, ushobora kwiyumvisha ko baba biteze kwigishwa Bibiliya mu rusengero. Ariko kandi, akenshi ntibayigishwa. Urugero, reka turebe inyigisho ivuga ko ubugingo buhanwa nyuma yo gupfa.

Mbese, hari aho Bibiliya yaba yigisha ibya purigatori cyangwa umuriro w’ikuzimu? Muri iki gihe, abahanga benshi bo muri Kristendomu bashobora gusubiza bahakana. Inkoranyamagambo yitwa New Catholic Encyclopedia yagize iti “amaherezo, byaje kugaragara ko inyigisho ya Kiliziya Gatolika ku bihereranye na purigatori ishingiye ku nyigisho z’uruhererekane, ikaba idashingiye ku Byanditswe Byera.” Ku birebana n’ikuzimu, inkoranyamagambo yitwa A Dictionary of Christian Theology yagize iti “mu Isezerano Rishya, nta ho dusanga ko iby’umuriro w’ikuzimu ari kimwe mu bintu [Abakristo] ba mbere bigishaga.”

Koko rero, akanama gashinzwe iby’inyigisho mu Itorero ry’Abangilikani gaherutse kuvugwa cyane mu itangazamakuru, igihe kategekaga guca burundu inyigisho y’umuriro w’ikuzimu. Dr. Tom Wright, umuyobozi wa Katedarali y’i Litchfield, yavuze ko amashusho yo mu gihe cyahise agaragaza iby’ikuzimu “yatumye Imana yumvikana nk’aho ari inyamaswa, kandi yasize inkovu zikomeye mu bwenge bw’abantu benshi.” Raporo yashyizwe ahagaragara n’ako kanama, yavuze ko iby’ikuzimu ari “ibintu bitabaho na busa.”a Mu buryo nk’ubwo, ya nkoranyamagambo yitwa New Catholic Encyclopedia yavuze ku bihereranye n’icyo Kiliziya Gatolika itekereza, igira iti “muri iki gihe, tewolojiya isigaye ibona ko ikibazo kirebana n’iby’ikuzimu nta ho gihuriye n’Imana.”

Mu by’ukuri, ibyo Bibiliya yigisha ku bihereranye n’ubugingo, binyuranye n’inyigisho ya purigatori n’iy’umuriro w’ikuzimu. Incuro nyinshi, Bibiliya ivuga ko ubugingo bupfa. “Ubugingo bukora icyaha ni bwo buzapfa.” (Ezekiyeli 18:4; gereranya n’ubuhinduzi bwa King James n’ubwa Douay bwa Kiliziya Gatolika.) Dukurikije Bibiliya, abapfuye nta kintu bazi, ntibashobora kubabara. “Abazima bazi ko bazapfa: ariko abapfuye bo nta cyo bakizi” (Umubwiriza 9:5). Ibyiringiro Bibiliya itanga ku bapfuye, ni ibyo kuzuka. Igihe Lazaro, incuti ya Yesu yari yapfuye, Yesu yagereranyije urupfu n’ibitotsi. Marita, mushiki wa Lazaro, yagaragaje ibyiringiro byigishwa muri Bibiliya ubwo yagiraga ati “nzi yuko azazuka mu muzuko wo ku munsi w’imperuka.” Igihe Yesu yazuraga Lazaro mu bapfuye, yagaragaje amanyakuri y’ibyo byiringiro by’abantu.​—⁠Yohana 5:28, 29; 11:11-14, 24, 44.

Abahanga mu by’amateka, berekanye ko inyigisho ivuga ko umuntu afite ubugingo buri ukwabwo kandi budapfa, itakomotse muri Bibiliya, ahubwo ko yakomotse kuri filozofiya y’Abagiriki. Ya nkoranyamagambo yitwa New Catholic Encyclopedia yavuze ko Abaheburayo ba kera batatekerezaga ko umuntu agizwe n’umubiri ugaragara hamwe n’ubugingo butaboneka. Yerekeza ku myizerere y’Abaheburayo igira iti “igihe umwuka w’ubuzima winjiraga mu muntu wa mbere Imana yari yaremye mu mukungugu, yahindutse ‘ikinyabuzima kizima’ (Itangiriro 2.7). Urupfu ntirwafatwaga nk’aho ari ugutandukanywa kw’ibice runaka bibiri bitandukanye bigize umuntu, nk’uko byari bimeze muri filozofiya y’Abagiriki; umwuka w’ubuzima uva mu muntu maze agasigara ari ‘ikinyabuzima gipfuye’ (Abalewi 21.11; Kubara 6.6; 19.13). Muri buri mimerere, ijambo ngo ‘ikinyabuzima’ ryabaga ari [neʹphesh] ry’Igiheburayo, akenshi rikaba rihindurwamo ‘ubugingo,’ ariko mu by’ukuri, akaba ari umuntu wese uko yakabaye.”

Icyo gitabo kandi kivuga ko vuba aha intiti zo muri Kiliziya Gatolika “zashyigikiye ko Isezerano Rishya ritigisha ko ubugingo budapfa mu buryo buhuje n’uko Abagiriki babibona.” Gisoza kigira kiti “igisubizo cy’ifatizo kuri icyo kibazo, ntigishobora kuboneka cyane mu bitekerezo bishingiye kuri filozofiya nk’uko cyaboneka mu mpano ndengakamere y’Umuzuko.”

Mbese, Ni Bibiliya Cyangwa Ni Inyigisho z’Uruhererekane?

None se, ni gute ibitekerezo bidashingiye kuri Bibiliya byaje kugera mu nyigisho z’amadini? Amadini menshi yihandagaza avuga ko akurikiza Bibiliya mbere y’ikindi kintu cyose. Urugero, nta gihe kinini gishize Papa Yohani Pawulo II avuze ko Ibyanditswe bigomba “kwemerwa n’abizera, bakabifata ko ari ukuri nyako, kandi ko ari byo hame ry’ikirenga rigenga ukwizera kwacu.” Ariko kandi, muri rusange usanga abantu bemera ko inyigisho zo muri Kristendomu muri iki gihe zidahuje n’iz’Abakristo bo mu kinyejana cya mbere. Amadini menshi abona ko ibyahindutse ari bimwe mu bigize amajyambere inyigisho z’idini zagiye zigeraho buhoro buhoro. Byongeye kandi, Kiliziya Gatolika yumva ko inyigisho z’uruhererekane za kiliziya zifite agaciro nk’ak’Ibyanditswe. Ya nkoranyamagambo yitwa New Catholic Encyclopedia ivuga ko kiliziya “nta nyigisho n’imwe yemera ko ari ukuri ishingiye ku Byanditswe byonyine, idashingiye no ku nyigisho z’uruhererekane; kandi ko nta n’iyo yemera ishingiye ku nyigisho z’uruhererekane zonyine, idashingiye no ku Byanditswe.”

Dukurikije uko amateka abivuga, amadini yahigitse inyigisho zishingiye ku Byanditswe, azisimbuza izishingiye ku nyigisho z’uruhererekane gusa. Mu by’ukuri, amadini menshi muri iki gihe yumva ko inyigisho zishingiye kuri Bibiliya zikocamye. Urugero, ya nkoranyamagambo yitwa New Catholic Encyclopedia yavuze ko “bigaragara ko ibintu byinshi bivugwa muri Bibiliya usanga atari ukuri rwose, iyo ubigenzuye ukurikije ubumenyi buriho muri iki gihe ku bihereranye na siyansi n’amateka.” Mu kwerekeza ku nyigisho ya Bibiliya ivuga ko abapfuye nta kintu bumva, iyo nkoranyamagambo yongeyeho igira iti “no mu birebana n’idini, Isezerano rya Kera rigaragaza ko nta bumenyi bwuzuye buriho ku bihereranye . . . n’uko ubuzima bubaho nyuma y’urupfu.” Iyo nkoranyamagambo ivuga amagambo akurikira yo muri Zaburi 6:5 (umurongo wa 6 muri Bibiliya zimwe na zimwe), ikayatangaho urugero rw’ibyo: “ūpfuye [n]takikwibuka, ni nde uzagushimira ikuzimu?” Za seminari hamwe n’amashuri y’ivugabutumwa amwe n’amwe y’Abaporotesitanti ntibikigisha ko Bibiliya itarimo amakosa. Ku rundi ruhande, Kiliziya Gatolika yemera ko ifite icyo yita magisterium, cyangwa ububasha mu bihereranye n’inyigisho, ari na bwo yifashisha itanga ibisobanuro ku bintu byigishwa muri Bibiliya. Ariko kandi, ushobora kwibaza uti ‘byagenda bite mu gihe bene ibyo bisobanuro byaba bisa n’aho bivuguruzanya n’Ibyanditswe?’

Agaciro k’Ibyanditswe

Incuro nyinshi, Yesu yishingikirizaga ku magambo yo mu Byanditswe bikaba ari byo bimuyobora, akenshi agatangiza ibitekerezo bye amagambo agira ati “handitswe ngo” (Matayo 4:4, 7, 10; Luka 19:46). Koko rero, igihe Yesu yavugaga ku bihereranye n’imimerere y’umugabo washatse, ntiyishingikirije ku bitekerezo by’ibihimbano bya filozofiya y’Abagiriki, ahubwo yishingikirije ku nkuru y’iby’irema ivugwa mu Itangiriro (Itangiriro 1:27; 2:24; Matayo 19:3-9). Uko bigaragara, Yesu yabonaga ko Ibyanditswe byahumetswe n’Imana kandi ko ari iby’ukuri. Mu isengesho yatuye Imana, yagize ati “ijambo ryawe ni ryo kuri.”​—Yohana 17:17.b

Bibiliya ivuga ukuntu Yesu yamaganye abayobozi ba kidini bo mu gihe cye, agira ati “musuzugura neza itegeko ry’Imana, ngo muziririze imigenzo yanyu; . . . nuko ijambo ry’Imana mukarihindura ubusa kugira ngo mukomeze imigenzo yanyu” (Mariko 7:6-13). Mu buryo nk’ubwo, intumwa Pawulo yananiye ibigeragezo byari bigamije gutuma imyigishirize ye icengerwamo na filozofiya y’Abagiriki cyangwa imigenzo ikocamye. Yatanze umuburo agira ati “mwirinde.” Yongeraho ati “hatagira umuntu ubanyagisha ubwenge bw’abantu n’ibihendo by’ubusa, bikurikiza imihango y’abantu” (Abakolosayi 2:8; 1 Abakorinto 1:22, 23; 2:1-13). Hari imigenzo imwe n’imwe, cyangwa inyigisho, Abakristo batewemo inkunga na Pawulo kugira ngo babikomeze, ariko ibyo bikaba byari bishingiye ku Byanditswe, kandi bihuje na byo mu buryo bwuzuye (2 Abatesalonike 2:13-15). Pawulo yanditse agira ati “Ibyanditswe byera byose byahumetswe n’Imana, kandi bigira umumaro . . . kugira ngo umuntu w’Imana abe ashyitse, afite ibimukwiriye byose, ngo akore imirimo myiza yose.”​—2 Timoteyo 3:16, 17.

Pawulo yabonye mbere y’igihe ko hari abari kuzatembanwa bagateshuka ku Byanditswe. Yahaye Timoteyo umuburo agira ati “igihe kizaza, [ubwo] batazihanganira inyigisho nzima, . . . kandi baziziba amatwi ngo batumva ukuri.” Yateye inkunga Timoteyo agira ati “ariko wehoho wirinde muri byose” (2 Timoteyo 4:3-5). Ariko se, mu buhe buryo? Uburyo bumwe, ni ubwo kuba abantu “beza.” Inkoranyamagambo y’Ikigiriki isobanura iryo jambo ryo muri Bibiliya ko ari “ugushaka kumenya ikintu no kugiha agaciro kagikwiriye nta kubogama.” Luka yakoresheje iryo jambo, kugira ngo asobanure imyifatire y’abantu bateze amatwi Pawulo i Beroya ho mu kinyejana cya mbere. Inyigisho za Pawulo zari nshya kuri bo, kandi ntibashakaga ko hagira ubayobya. Mu kubashima, Luka yanditse agira ati “[ab’i Beroya] bo bari beza kuruta ab’i Tesalonike, kuko bakīranye ijambo ry’Imana umutima ukunze, bashaka mu byanditswe iminsi yose, kugira ngo bamenye yuko ibyo bababwiye ari iby’ukuri koko.” Kuba abantu b’i Beroya bari beza, ntibyatumye bigira abemeragato, ngo bagire ingeso yo kutagira icyo bemera. Ahubwo, ingaruka z’imyifatire yabo izira amakemwa yo gushaka gusobanukirwa ibintu, zabaye iz’uko ‘abenshi muri bo bizeye.’​—⁠Ibyakozwe 17:11, 12.

Inyungu zo Kubaho mu Buryo Buhuje na Bibiliya

Abakristo ba mbere bari bazwi cyane ku bwo kuba barakurikizaga Bibiliya ubudatezuka, no ku bw’urukundo rwabo rwarangwaga n’ubwitange. Ariko kandi muri iki gihe, abantu benshi bafite “ishusho yo kwera, ariko bahakana imbaraga zako” (2 Timoteyo 3:5). Imiterere iyo ari yo yose y’Ubukristo iriho muri iki gihe idahuje n’iy’umwimerere, ntishobora kugira imbaraga nyakuri zisunikira abantu gukora ibyiza mu mibereho yabo. Mbese, ibyo byadufasha gusobanura impamvu mu gice kinini kigize Kristendomu tubona urugomo, ubwiyandarike, gusenyuka kw’imiryango n’ingeso yo gukunda ubutunzi birushaho kwiyongera? Mu bihugu bimwe na bimwe byiganjemo “Ubukristo,” haba intambara za kinyamaswa zishingiye ku moko, ndetse no hagati y’abantu bahuje idini.

Mbese, umwuka mwiza warangaga abantu b’i Beroya warayoyotse? Mbese muri iki gihe, hari itsinda ry’abantu abo ari bo bose bemera Bibiliya kandi bakabaho mu buryo buhuje na yo?

Inkoranyamagambo yitwa Encyclopedia Canadiana yagize iti “umurimo ukorwa n’Abahamya ba Yehova, ni uburyo bwo kugarura no gusubizaho Ubukristo bwa mbere bwakurikizwaga na Yesu n’abigishwa be, mu kinyejana cya mbere n’icya kabiri mu gihe cyacu.” Mu kwerekeza ku Bahamya, ya nkoranyamagambo yitwa New Catholic Encyclopedia yagize iti “babona ko Bibiliya ari yo soko imwe rukumbi y’imyizerere yabo n’amahame agenga imyifatire yabo.”

Nta gushidikanya, iyo ni impamvu y’ingenzi ituma Abahamya ba Yehova ku isi hose bazwiho kuba bafite uburumbuke bwo mu buryo bw’umwuka, amahoro n’ibyishimo. Ku bw’iyo mpamvu rero, turatera abasomyi b’igazeti yacu inkunga yo kwiga byinshi ku bihereranye n’inyigisho za Bibiliya z’ingirakamaro ku buzima bwo mu buryo bw’umwuka. Ubumenyi bwinshi kurushaho, bushobora gutuma umuntu arushaho kwiringira Bibiliya no kwizera Imana. Imigisha y’iteka izazanwa n’uko kwizera, ikwiriye rwose guharanirwa.

[Ibisobanuro ahagana hasi ku ipaji]

[Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 6]

Intumwa Pawulo n’abandi bantu, babwirije mu iguriro

[Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 7]

Abahamya ba Yehova “babona ko Bibiliya ari yo soko imwe rukumbi y’imyizerere yabo n’amahame agenga imyifatire yabo”