Bibiliya yitiriwe Bedell yafashije benshi

IGIHE umuyobozi w’idini w’Umwongereza witwaga William Bedell yajyaga muri Irilande mu wa 1627, yahabonye ibintu biramushobera. Igihugu cya Irilande cyiganjemo Abagatolika, cyategekwaga n’Umuporotesitanti w’Umwongereza. Abaporotesitanti bari bashyigikiye Ivugurura, bari barahinduye Bibiliya mu ndimi kavukire zo hirya no hino mu Burayi. Ariko wabonaga nta muntu ushishikajwe no kuyihindura mu kinyayirilande.

Bedell yumvaga ko Abanyayirilande “batagombaga kwirengagizwa, ngo bazahabwe agaciro ari uko bamaze kumenya icyongereza.” Ni yo mpamvu yatangiye umushinga wo guhindura Bibiliya mu kinyayirilande. Yararwanyijwe cyane ariko Abaporotesitanti bo bamwigirijeho nkana. Yaziraga iki?

YAZIRAGA KO YAKORESHAGA IKINYAYIRILANDE

Bedell yiyemeje kwiga ikinyayirilande. Igihe yabaga umuyobozi wa kaminuza yo mu mugi wa Dublin, yashishikarije abanyeshuri gukoresha ikinyayirilande, ndetse na nyuma yaho igihe yabaga musenyeri wa Kilmore. Umwamikazi Elizabeth wa I w’u Bwongereza, ni we washinze iyo kaminuza kugira ngo atoze abanyeshuri kwigisha abaturage be ubutumwa bwo muri Bibiliya mu rurimi rwabo kavukire. Bedell ni we watumye bigerwaho.

Abaturage benshi bo muri diyosezi ya Kilmore bavugaga ikinyayirilande. Ni yo mpamvu Bedell yasabye akomeje ko haboneka ababwirizabutumwa bavuga urwo rurimi. Ibyo yasabye bihuje n’amagambo intumwa Pawulo yavuze mu 1 Abakorinto 14:19, agira ati “mu itorero nahitamo kuvuga amagambo atanu nkoresheje ubwenge bwanjye kugira ngo nshobore kwigisha abandi, kuruta ko navuga amagambo ibihumbi icumi mu rundi rurimi,” ni ukuvuga mu rurimi rutazwi na benshi.

Ariko abayobozi bakomeye bagerageje kuburizamo uwo mugambi. Abahanga mu by’amateka bavuga ko hari abantu bumvaga ko gukoresha ikinyayirilande ari “ukugambanira igihugu,” abandi bakavuga ko byari “bibangamiye inyungu z’igihugu.” Hari abandi bumvaga ko guheza Abanyayirilande mu bujiji byari bifitiye u Bwongereza akamaro. Ni cyo cyatumye hashyirwaho amategeko yasabaga Abanyayirilande kureka ururimi rwabo n’umuco wabo, bakiga icyongereza, imico n’imyifatire by’Abongereza.

ATANGIRA UMUSHINGA WO GUHINDURA BIBILIYA

Bedell ntiyigeze acibwa intege n’uko abo banyagitugu barwanyaga umushinga we. Mu ntangiriro z’umwaka wa 1630, yatangiye guhindura Bibiliya y’icyongereza (Bibiliya ya King James yo mu wa 1611), mu kinyayirilande. Yifuzaga guhindura Bibiliya yari kujya isomwa na benshi kandi bakayumva. Yumvaga ko abakene batari gushobora kwiga Ibyanditswe kugira ngo bibafashe kubona inzira iyobora ku buzima bw’iteka, kandi nta Bibiliya bafite.​—Yohana 17:3.

Bedell si we wa mbere wabibonaga atyo. Imyaka igera kuri mirongo itatu mbere yaho, undi musenyeri witwa William Daniel yari yarabonye ko abantu batari kumenya icyo Bibiliya yigisha mu buryo bworoshye, mu gihe “yari mu rurimi batumva.” Daniel yari yarahinduye Ibyanditswe by’Ikigiriki bya Gikristo mu kinyayirilande. Bedell we yiyemeje guhindura Ibyanditswe by’Igiheburayo. Ubu Bibiliya yitiriwe Bedell, ikubiyemo igice yahinduye n’icyahinduwe na Daniel. Mu myaka 300 yakurikiyeho, Bibiliya yitiriwe Bedell ni yo yonyine yabonekaga mu kinyayirilande kandi ni na yo Bibiliya ya mbere yuzuye yahinduwe muri urwo rurimi.

Bedell wari usanzwe ari intiti mu giheburayo, yisunze ba kavukire babiri bavuga urwo rurimi, kugira ngo bamufashe guhindura iyo Bibiliya. Iyo bamaraga guhindura, yafatanyaga n’undi muntu umwe cyangwa babiri maze bagasuzuma bitonze buri murongo kandi bakawukosora. Nanone bifashishije Bibiliya y’igitaliyani yari yarahinduwe n’umuhanga mu bya tewolojiya w’Umusuwisi witwaga Giovanni Diodati, Bibiliya y’ikigiriki ya Septante n’indi Bibiliya ya kera y’igiheburayo yari yandikishijwe intoki.

Iryo tsinda ryakurikizaga amabwiriza y’abahinduye Bibiliya ya King James (abenshi muri bo bakaba bari baziranye na Bedell), kandi barekeye izina bwite ry’Imana ahantu henshi muri Bibiliya yabo. Urugero, mu Kuva 6:3 izina ry’Imana barihinduyemo “Iehovah.” Bibiliya y’umwimerere ya Bedell yandikishijwe intoki, ibitswe mu nzu y’ibitabo ya Marsh iri mu mugi wa Dublin muri Irilande.​—Reba agasanduku gafite umutwe uvuga ngo “Bedell azahora yibukwa.”

AMAHEREZO YARASOHOTSE

Bedell yarangije guhindura Bibiliya yamwitiriwe ahagana mu mwaka wa 1640, ariko ntiyahise ayisohora. Byatewe n’iki? Byatewe mbere na mbere n’uko bari bakimurwanya cyane. Hari abantu bajora, baharabitse Bedell bibwira ko bizamuca intege. Bakomeje kumukorera ibikorwa by’ubugome bigera n’ubwo bamufungishije. Nk’aho ibyo bidahagije, yafashwe n’agatsiko k’abagizi ba nabi b’abarakare barwanyaga icyongereza, kavutse mu wa 1641. Icyakora Abanyayirilande bo muri ako gace baramurinze mu gihe runaka, nubwo yari umwongereza, kuko bari bazi ko yabakundaga. Nyamara nyuma y’aho abasirikare b’intagondwa bamufungiye ahantu habi cyane. Ibyo byatumye apfa imburagihe mu wa 1642, Bibiliya yahinduye itarasohoka.

Igihe abantu bateraga iwe mu rugo bakahasahura kandi bakamusenyera, iyo Bibiliya yari hafi kuzimira. Birashimishije kuba hari incuti ye yarokoye inyandiko zose zariho umwandiko yahinduye. Nyuma yaho, Narcissus Marsh waje kuba Arikiyepisikopi w’umugi wa Armagh n’umuyobozi mukuru wa Kiliziya Gatolika ya Irilande, yaje kubona uwo mwandiko. Umuhanga muri siyansi witwa Robert Boyle yamuhaye amafaranga, hanyuma asohora iyo Bibiliya mu wa 1685.

URUFATIRO RW’INGENZI

Bibiliya yitiriwe Bedell ntiyamamaye ku rwego rw’isi. Ariko kandi yabaye urufatiro rworoheje rwatumye abantu barushaho gusobanukirwa Bibiliya, cyane cyane abavuga ikinyayirilande, haba muri Irilande, muri Écosse n’ahandi henshi. Bashoboraga kubona ibyo bakeneye mu buryo bw’umwuka, bitewe n’uko basomaga Ijambo ry’Imana mu rurimi rwabo kavukire.​—Matayo 5:3, 6. 

Bibiliya yitiriwe Bedell ikomeje gufasha abantu gukora ibyiza. Umwe mu bantu bavuga ikinyayirilande wize ukuri ko muri Bibiliya, yagize ati “iyo dusomye Bibiliya yitiriwe Bedell twumva ubutumwa bwo muri Bibiliya mu rurimi rwacu kavukire. Yabaye urufatiro rw’ingenzi rwadufashije jye n’umuryango wanjye, kwiga ukuri guhebuje ko mu Byanditswe.”