Ngwarira Kusafarira Kurava

RUDZI rutsva rwechinetso chokurava ruri kutapura zvikuru nyika yedu. Chinonzi kusafarira kurava. Chinorondedzerwa se“chimiro kana kuti mamiriro ezvinhu okuva anokwanisa kurava asi [uchiva] asingafariri kuita kudaro.”a (Merriam-Webster’s Collegiate Dictionary, Tenth Edition) Hungu, kurava—uko kwaimbopindwa makuri sechinofadza—kuri kurambwa zvino sebasa. “Unofanira kurwisa kuti urave,” akanyunyuta kudaro mumwe musikana wamakore 12 okukura, “uye ikoko hakufadzi.”

Vakuru vazhinji havafaririwo kurava. United States, somuenzaniso, inoganza kuti ine mwero we97 muzana wokukwanisa kurava nokunyora; bva, inenge hafu yavakuru vokuAmerica haiwanzorava mabhuku kana kuti magazini! Nenzira yakajeka, mano okurava haawiriraniswi nguva dzose nechishuvo chokurava. Ikoku ndokwechokwadi kunyange pakati pavanhu vakadzidza zvikuru. “Apo ndinouya kumba ndaneta kubva kubasa rakaoma rezuva refu,” anodaro akapedza kudzidza paHarvard University, “ndinobatidza TV panzvimbo pokunhonga bhuku. Kuri nyore zvikuru.”

Chii chakaitika kukurava? Mumakumi amakore achangobva kupfuura kukurumbira kwako kwakatera kuzvinobudisa nhau zvinobata ngwariro. “Zvino nemhaka yokuti tine MTV yedu—uye VCR yedu neNintendo uye Walkman—kariro yokutamburira kurava bhuku hairatidziki kuva iri nyore sezvakwaiita munguva dzakanga dzine kurumidziro shoma,” anonyora kudaro Stratford P. Sherman mumagazini inonzi Fortune. Zvimwe mukwikwidzi wokurava anodya nguva zvikurusa iterevhizheni. Zvirokwazvo, panozosvika zera ramakore 65 wokuAmericawo zvake achave apedza makore mapfumbamwe oupenyu hwake achitarira TV!

Sezvo tuso dzokurava dzichiwanzoregwa zvikuru nokuda kweterevhizheni, kwaizova kwakanaka kurangarira zvinotevera.

Betsero Dzokurava

Kurava kunonyandura kufunga. Terevhizheni inokuitira kufunga kwako. Chinhu chiri chose chakajeka: zviratidzo zvechiso, kunzwika kwenzwi, uye chiono.

Pamusoro pokurava, zvisinei, unosarudza mamiriro ezvinhu, unogadzira chikuva, uye unotungamirira chiitiko chacho. “Une rusununguko rukuru zvikuru,” anodaro mukomana ane makore 10 okukura. “Unogona kuita kuti mutambi mumwe nomumwe aratidzike chaizvoizvo zvaunoda kuti aratidzike. Unodzora zvinhu zvikuru apo unorava bhuku kupfuura apo unoona chimwe chinhu muTV.” Seizvo Dr. Bruno Bettelheim akacherekedza kuti, “terevhizheni inobata kufunga asi haikusununguri. Bhuku rakanaka rinonyandura kamwe kamwe ndokusunungura ndangariro.”

Kurava kunokudziridza unyanzvi hwokutaura. “Hapana mwana kana kuti mukuru anova ari nani pakutarira terevhizheni kupfurikidza nokuita kwakawanda kwako,” anotsinhira kudaro Reginald Damerall weUniversity of Massachusetts. “Unyanzvi hunodikanwa huduku zvikuru zvokuti hatisati tanzwa pamusoro pokusakwanisa kuona terevhizheni.”

Mukupesana, kurava kunoda uye kunokudziridza unyanzvi hwokutaura; kwakabatana nenzira isingaparadzanisiki nokutaura nokunyora. Mumwe mudzidzisi wechiNgezi wechikoro chapamusoro anoti: “Iidi kuti kubudirira kwako somudzidzi kunotsamira zvikuru pamashoko ako, muzvose zviri zviviri zvaunogona kunzwisisa sezvaunorava uye munzira iyo unorangarira nayo sezvaunonyora, uye hapana nzira yokuumba nayo mashoko akanaka kunze kwokupfurikidza nokurava—hakutongorina neimwe.”

Kurava kunosimudzira shiviriro. Mifananidzo inopfuura chiuru ingaoneka pasikirini yeTV muawa imwe bedzi, kuchisiya nguva shomanene yokuti muoni arangarire izvo ari kuona. “Uyu muitiro unoronga chaizvoizvo nhambo pfupi yokupa ngwariro,” anodaro Dr. Matthew Dumont. Nenzira isingashamisi, dzimwe fundo dzinobatanidza kutarira TV kwakanyanyisa nokuita zvisarudzo kwakamwe kamwe nokusagadzikana—muvose vari vaviri vana navakuru.

Kurava kunoda shiviriro. “Mitsara, ndima, uye mapeji anozaruka zvishoma nezvishoma, munhevedzano, uye mukuwirirana nenhevedzano iyo isiri zvirokwazvo yokuzvidira,” inonyora kudaro nyanzvi yekurukurirano Neil Postman. Pamwero wake amene, muravi anofanira kududzira, kunzvera, uye kurangarira zviri papeji. Kurava muitiro wokuchinja mashoko wakaoma uyo unoda—uye unokudziridza—shiviriro.

Murangariro Wakadzikama

Pasinei zvapo nebetsero dzokurava, kunofanira kubvumwa kuti terevhizheni ine runakowo rwayo. Inogona kupfuura kurava mukupa marudzi akati amashoko.b Mutambo unofadza weTV unogona kunyange kunyandura fariro mukurava. “Kunoshumwa kuti purogiramu dzeTV dzinoratidzira mabhuku avana nesayenzi zvinopesvedzera vana kutsvaka mabhuku pamusoro pemisoro iyoyo neyakafanana,” inodaro The Encyclopedia Americana.

Murangariro wakadzikama unokosha. Peji yakadhindwa neterevhizheni ndizvinopfuudza mashoko zviviri zvakasiyana. Chimwe nechimwe chine simba racho neganhuriro. Chimwe nechimwe chinogona kushandiswa—kana kuti kushandiswa zvisina kufanira. Hungu, kurava kwakanyanyisa kusvika kupfundo rokuzviparadzanisa kunogona kuva kune ngozi kungofanana nokutarira TV kwakanyanyisa.—Zvirevo 18:1; Muparidzi 12:12.

Bva, kurava kunowanzosakosheswa mukuda chinofadza meso. Mumwe mutori wenhau wokuJapan anodemba, kuti: “Tiri kubva patsika yavaravi kuenda kune iyo yavaoni.” Ikoku kunocherekedzwa zvikurukuru pakati pepwere. Somugumisiro, zhinji dzadzo dzinokura dzisingafariri kurava ndokutambura migumisiro yacho gare gare. Naizvozvo, vabereki vanogona sei kubetsera vana vavo kukudziridza chishuvo chokurava?

Nzira Iyo Vabereki Vanogona Kubetsera Nayo

Gadzai muenzaniso. Imwe nyaya yeNewsweek ine musoro unoti “Nzira Yokuyarutsa Nayo Varavi Vakanaka” inopa iri zano rakajeka: “Kana uri munhu anopedza nguva refu achitarira TV, zvimwe mwana wako achava akadarowo. Kune rumwe rutivi, kana vana vako vakakuona wakagonya nomufaro une bhuku rakanaka, vachawana mufungo wokuti haungotauri bedzi pamusoro pokurava, unokuitawo.” Kunotova kuri nani, vamwe vabereki vanoravira vana vavo zvinonzwika. Mukuita kudaro, vanoita chisungo choushamwari—chimwe chinhu chiri kushayikwa nenzira inosuruvarisa mumhuri zhinji nhasi.

Tangai raibhurari. “Ivai namabhuku ari pedyo—mabhuku akawanda,” anorumbidza kudaro Dr. Theodore Isaac Rubin. “Ndinoyeuka ndichiarava nemhaka yokuti akanga aripo uye nemhaka yokuti munhu ari wosewo zvake akanga achiaravawo.” Vana vacharava kana mabhuku achiwanika nyore. Chishuvo chokurava chichava chakatokura zvikuru kana mabhuku ari rutivi rweraibhurari yavo vamene yomunhu oga.

Itai kuti kurava kufadze. Kwakataurwa kuti kana mwana achida kurava, hafu yokurwisa kwokudzidza inohwinwa. Naizvozvo itai kuti kurava kuve chiitiko chinofadza nokuda kwomwana wenyu. Sei? Kutanga, gadzai ganhuriro panguva yeterevhizheni; ichadokuva inowanzova pakutanga pane kurava. Chechipiri, itai mhoteredzo inosimudzira kurava; nguva dzakanyarara nenharaunda, dzakadai seraibhurari yomunhu oga ine chiedza chakanaka, zvinokwezva kurava. Chechitatu, musamanikidza kurava. Itai kuti zvinhu nemikana zvokurava zvive zvinowanika, asi itai kuti mwana akudziridze chishuvo chacho.

Vamwe vabereki vanovamba kuravira vana vavo pazera rapakuvamba. Ikoku kunogona kuva kunobetsera. Dzimwe nyanzvi dzinotaura kuti panosvika zera ramakore matatu, mwana anonzwisisa huzhinjisa hwomutauro waachashandisa mukurukuriranowo zvayo yomukuru—kunyange zvazvo asingagoni kutaura zvakanaka aya mashoko. “Vana vanovamba kudzidza kunzwisisa mutauro pakuvamba zvikuru uye pamwero wokukurumidza zvikuru kupfuura kudzidza kwavanoita kuushandisa mukutaura,” rinodaro bhuku rinonzi The First Three Years of Life. Bhaibheri rinotaura nezvaTimotio, kuti: “Kubvira paucheche hwako wakaziva Manyoro Matsvene.” (2 Timotio 3:15) Shoko rokuti mucheche rinodzokera shure kuna infans wechiLatin, iro rinoreva chaizvoizvo kuti “asingatauri.” Hungu, Timotio akanzwa mashoko apamagwaro asati ava kugona kuataura.

Bhaibheri—Yamuro Yakaisvonaka

“Bhaibheri muunganidzwa unoshamisa wamabhuku,” rinodaro bhuku rinonzi The Bible in Its Literary Milieu. Zvirokwazvo, mabhuku aro 66 ane zvimiro zvenhetembo, nziyo, uye nhoroondo dzenhau umo vaduku navakuru nenzira yakafanana vanogona kudzidza. (VaRoma 15:4) Zvakare, Bhaibheri ra“kafuridzirwa naMwari, r[i]nobatsira pakudzidzisa, nokurayira, nokururamisa, nokuranga kuri mukururama.”—2 Timotio 3:16.

Hungu, mashoko okurava anokosha zvikurusa anowanika iShoko raMwari, Bhaibheri. Nechikonzero chakanaka mambo wechiIsraeri mumwe nomumwe aidikanirwa kuva nekopi yomunhu oga yaMagwaro ndo“[kuravamo] mazuva ose oupenyu hwake.” (Dheuteronomio 17:18, 19) Uye Joshua akarayirwa kurava magwaro “nenzwi rakaderera”—ndiko kuti, kwaari amene, nenzwi rakanyorovera—“masikati nousiku.”—Joshua 1:8, NW.

Sezvinobvumwa, mativi eBhaibheri haasi nyore kurava. Angada kupa ngwariro. Yeuka, Petro akanyora, kuti: “Savacheche vachangoberekwa, [itai chishuvo cho]mukaka womweya, usina kushatiswa.” (1 Petro 2:2) Nokurovedza, kuda “mukaka” weShoko raMwari kunogona kuva kwenguva dzose sokupanga mukaka wamai vake kwomuzvarirwo kwomucheche. Kuonga kurava Bhaibheri kunogona kusakurirwa.c Kwakafanirwa zvikuru nenhamburiko yacho. “Shoko renyu ndiwo mwenje wetsoka dzangu, nechiedza panzira yangu,” akanyora kudaro wezvamapisarema. (Pisarema 119:105) Tose hatidi here nhungamiro yakadaro munguva dzedu dzinotambudza?

[Mashoko Omuzasi]