Kufarira Kukohwa muIndia
Yakataurwa naF. E. Skinner
KWANDIRI kwakanga kuchidokuva kusingadaviriki—kokorodzano 21 mumitauro gumi, vanopfuura 15 000 vaivapo kuti vazive revo yeruramisiro youmwari, uye 545 vakabhapatidzwa kuratidzira rudo rwavo nokuda kwaMwari mukuru weruramisiro, Jehovha! Nokuda kweZvapupu zvaJehovha zvinodokusvika 9 000 muIndia, iri rakanga riri pfundo guru ra 1989. Asi nokuda kwangu kwakanga kuri zvikuru chisakiso chokufara. Neiko? Nemhaka yokuti ndaisatongogona kuva ndakafungidzira zvinoitika zvikuru zvakadaro pandakatanga kutsika pavhu reIndia muna July 1926. Ipapo kwakanga kuna vaparidzi vari pasi pe 70 veshoko roUmambo munyika yacho yose. Mugove wakadini uyo mubiyangu neni takagamuchira anopfuura makore 63 apfuura!
Kuuya Kwandakaita kuIndia
Muna May 1926 ndakapinda kokorodzano huru muLondon, England, uye pashure payo chaipo ndakadzokera kumusha kwangu muSheffield. Mazuva maviri gare gare, pashure pokupinda ndichibva muushumiri hwomumunda, ndakawana teregiramu yakamirira. Iyo yakarava, kuti: “Judge Rutherford anoda kukuona.”
Hama Rutherford, purezidhendi wechipiri weWatch Tower Society, akanga auya achibva New York nokuda kwekokorodzano yemisi yakanga ichangobva kupfuura, uye iye akanga achiri muLondon. Mangwanani akatevera acho ndiri muchitima ndichidzokera kuLondon, ndakanga ndichishamisika, ‘Ikoku kunorevei?’ Kuhofisi yebazu, ndakaendeswa kuna Hama Rutherford, uye iye akandibvunza, kuti: “Une basa nazvo here norutivi rwenyika rwaunoshanda marwuri?”
“Aiwa,” ndakapindura kudaro.
“Ungada sei kuenda kuIndia?”
“Munoda kuti ndiende rini?” ndakapindura pasina kuzengurira. Nokudaro, mavhiki matatu gare gare, George Wright neni takanga tava muigwa tichienda kuIndia. Ndakanga ndina makore 31 okukura, uye kwakanga kusina panikiro mundangariro mangu nemwoyo pamusoro pezvandakanga ndichida kuita noupenyu hwangu.
Kusarudza Nzira Youpenyu
Pakasvika 1918 hondo yenyika yokutanga yakanga yapera, uye ndakanga ndichangobva kupedza makore mana muhondo yeBritain. Ndaifarira kutora mapikicha neradio transmission, uye mabanza akanaka ebhizimisi akanga akandizarukira. Uyewo, ndakanga ndichirangarira roorano. Bva, panguva imwe cheteyo, ndakanga ndava kusvika panzwisiso yezvinhu iyo yakanga yachinja ngwariro yose youpenyu hwangu.
Baba vangu vakanga vagamuchira Studies in the Scriptures, uye colporteur, seizvo mapiona aidaidzwa panguva iyeyo, akavamba kufunda Bhaibheri nemhuri yedu. Mukadzi wacho akanga ave ari mudzidzisi wapachikoro. Pashure penguva yakati, boka ravarume vaduku vezera rangu rakanga roenda kumba kwake Chitanhatu chiri chose nokuda kwekapu yetii nefundo yeBhaibheri. Iye akatiudza atiudzazve kuti tizviite timene vanowanika kuna Jehovha, achiti: “Usatongoramba mugove.” Iye akandikurudzirawo kuramba ndisina kuroora.
Kwenguva yakati ndakaparapatika pamusoro peizvo ndaizoita. Mashoko aJesu kumutongi muduku akapfuma ari pana Mateo 19:21 akandibetsera: “Kana uchida kukwana, enda utengese zvose zvaunazvo, upe varombo, ugova nefuma kudenga; ugouya unditevere.” Ndakapinza tsamba yangu yokurega basa kufemu yandakanga ndichishandira, uye mukati memwedzi mitatu ndakanga ndava colporteur. Ichochi, pamwe chete nechisarudzo chokuramba ndisina kuroora, zvakandikwanirisa kugamuchira mugove iwoyo unokosha wokuIndia anenge makore mana gare gare.
Munda Mutsva Muhombe
George Wright neni takagoverwa kutarisira kuparidzira Umambo kwete bedzi muIndia asiwo muBurma (zvino Myanmar) neCeylon (zvino Sri Lanka). Gare gare, Persia (zvino Iran) neAfghanistan zvakawedzerwa. Nharaunda yeIndia yakanga yakati dererei kuiyo yeUnited States, asi chiverengero chavagari vemo chakanga chakakura kanoverengeka. Iyo yakanga iri nyika ine zvokudya zvakasiana, tsika, uye mitauro, navanhu vezvitendero zvorudzidziso zvakasiana-siana—vaHindu, vaMuslim, vaParsi, vaJain, vaSikh, uye vaBuddha, pamwe chete navaKaturike navaPurotestendi.
Basa rokuparidzira rakanga ravamba muIndia muna 1905, uye rakagamuchira simba apo Charles T. Russell, purezidhendi wokutanga weWatch Tower Society, akashanyira muna 1912. Kubvunzurudza kwaRussell A. J. Joseph, mudzidzi weBhaibheri muduku anoshingaira, kwakatungamirira kugadziriro yechigarire yomubato wokuparidzira unopfuuridzirwa. Joseph akashandurira mabhuku eBhaibheri mururimi rwake rwokuberekwa narwo rweMalayalam ndokufamba ndokukurukura zvikuru, zvikurukuru mumaodzanyemba eIndia. Nhasi, inenge hafu yavaparidzi veIndia inogara muiyi nharaunda umo chiMalayalam chinotaurwa, kunyange zvazvo inenge 3 muzana yechiverengero chavagari veIndia chinogara imomo. Iyi nharaunda, yainzi Travancore neCochin, yakava Nyika yeKerala muna 1956.
George Wright neni taichinjana kutarisira hofisi yeBombay nokubuda nokuda kwechikairo refu dzokuparidzira. Takashandisa zvizere njanji, mabhiza, uye ngoro dzamadhonza zveIndia. Gare gare takashandisa motokari. Pfungwa panguva iyeyo kwaingova kungosiya chete mabhuku nokukoka vanhu kuti vauye kunzvimbo yemisangano nokuda kwefundo yeboka. Takapa ngwariro pamaKristu nezita aitaura chiNgezi.
Pakuvamba, ndakapiwa mazita nekero zvavazvinyoresi vose veNharireyomurindi. Ivava vakanga vari zvikuru vanhu vomurarwe kana kuti veteregiramu. Ndakashanyira ari wose wavo kuzotsvaga fariro yechokwadi. Kwamakore akawanda ndaienda kuPunjab kuchamhembe kweIndia muna January ndokufamba kubva Lahore kuenda Karachi. Sezvo vanhu vakanga vasingadi Bhaibheri, misha makanga mune maKristu nezita yakanga iri mishoma uye kure nekure.
Hama yaifamba neni somuturikiri, uye taigara ndokudya navanhu. Vagari vomumisha vaigara mudzimba dzakavakwa nevhu rakapiswa nezuva, matenga akapfirirwa kana kuti akaiswa mapuranga. Ivo vairara pamacharpoy, mibhedha miduku ine makumbo mana ine dandira remiti rine tambo dzakarukwa. Kazhinji kazhinji varimi vaigara pamacharpoy avo vane Bhaibheri muruoko, vachisvuta chikwepa chinotonhodzwa nemvura chine muti wakareba hafu yemita kusvikira mita imwe, tichibva parugwaro tichienda kurugwaro sezvo taitsanangura zvokwadi dzaMwari kwavari. Misangano inoitirwa panze yakabvumikisa kuva yakanaka, sezvo rutivi rukuru zvikuru rwegore rwakanga rwusina mvura. Nepo vaEurope vazhinjisa vaizvitutumadza zvikuru zvokusapinda misangano yakadaro, vaIndia vaiungana munzvimbo ipi neipi.
Takaedza kubudisa mabhuku mumitauro yakawanda seinobvira. Kabhukwana kanonzi World Distress mumutauro weKanarese kakasangana nebudiriro chaiyo. Kakasunda mupepeti wenhau wepepanhau rinobuda panhambo nenhambo rorudzidziso reKanarese kutikoka kuzogovera nyaya dzepepa rake, uye kwenguva yakati, takatsikirira bhuku rinonzi Deliverance senhau inobuda panhambo nenhambo mavhiki maviri ari wose.
Makore okuvambira muna 1926 kusvikira kuna 1938 akaona chitsama chikuru chokuparidzira kwakaitwa namapiona anoshingaira. Takafamba zviuru zvamamaira, uye zvitsama zvikuru zvamabhuku zvakaparadzirwa, asi wedzero yakanga iri duku. Pakasvika 1938 kwakanga kuchingova namapiona 18 bedzi navaparidzi 273 muungano 24 dzakapararira muIndia yose.
Mukati meHondo yeNyika II
Hondo yeNyika II yakatanga muna 1939, bva takapfuurira nokuparidzira kwedu. Kutaura idi, pakuvamba muna 1940 basa rokupupurira mumugwagwa rakatangwa. Kunyange hanzvadzi dzedu dzechiIndia dzakatora rutivi, uko kuri kunoshamisa nemhaka yetsika dzomunzvimbomo. Makore gare gare mudzidzi weBhaibheri akataurira chimwe Chapupu chakamukumbira kugoverana mubasa rakadaro: “Ini ndiri mukadzi wechiIndia, uye handigoni kuonwa ndichitaura kumurume mumugwagwa nemhaka yokuti ndaizozvidzwa munharaunda yose. Handigoni kutaura kumurume mumugwagwa kunyange kana ari hama yokunyama.” Kunyanguvezvo, hanzvadzi dzedu dzechiKristu muIndia dzazova vashumiri vapachena vanoshingaira.
Mumakore iwayo apakuvamba, kokorodzano dzakarongwawo. Mangwanani aipiwa kubasa romumunda, iro rakanga rakaumbwa zvikurusa nokufamba mamaira akawanda tichiudza vagari navapfuuri pamusoro pemisangano yavose. Vanopfuura 300 vakapinda mumwe waiyoyo, marusando achiitirwa mumumvuri wechivako chamasengere namashizha omuchindwi. Asi hakuna kuita zvakanaka zvakawanda kutaura nguva yokutanga, sezvo vanhu vashomanene vaiva newachi. Ivo vaingouya zvavo apo vainzwa vachida, uye misangano yaivamba apo vateereri vakakwana vakanga vaungana. Vanonoki vairamba vachisvika sezvo musangano waifambira mberi.
Purogiramu yaiwanzopfuurira kutozosvikira pa 10 kiroko usiku, uye ipapo vazhinji vaifanira kufamba mamaira akawanda kuti vasvike kumba. Kana kwakanga kune chiedza chomwedzi, zvaiva nani zvikuru; kwaitonhorera uye kwaifarikanywa. Kana kwakanga kusina mwedzi, vanhu vainhonga bazi romuchindwe ndokurimona kuva tochi. Apo raibatidzwa, tochi racho raitsvuka zvishoma. Apo chiedza chokuwedzera chaidikanwa, tochi raivheyeswa mumhepo kutozosvikira raita marimi. Ikoku kwaipa chiedza chakakwana chokuwana nzira papasi pasina kunaka.
Panenge panguva ino rambidzo yehurumende yakaiswa pakupinzwa kwamabhuku eSosaiti muIndia neCeylon. Muchina wedu muduku wokutsikirira muTravancore wakatorwa, uye hurumende yapakati yakabudisa murairo unorambidza kutsikirirwa kwamabhuku edu. Gare gare, muna 1944, imwe yehama dzedu yairapa varwere nemitambo yakanga ichirapa Sir Srivastava, gurukota romuDare reViceroy, uye nhau yerambidzo yakataurwa kwaari.
“Eya, usanetseka,” hama yedu yakaudzwa kudaro. Sir Srivastava akatsanangura kwaari kuti Mr. Jenkins (gurukota rakanga risingadi basa redu) raizova richirega basa nokukurumidza uye shamwari yakanaka yaSir Srivastava yaizomutsiva. “Kumbira Mr. Skinner kuuya,” Sir Srivastava akakurudzira kudaro, “uye ini ndichamusuma kuna Sir Francis Mudie,” mutsivi waJenkins. Pakupedzisira, ndakashevedzwa; ndakataura naMr. Mudie, uye rambidzo yakabviswa pamutemo pana December 9, 1944.
Zvikonzero Zvokufara
Chisakiso chikuru chokufara chakauya muna 1947 apo vafundisi vokutanga vakarovedzwa kuGilead vakasvika muIndia. Kusvika kwavo kwakaitika panguva imwe cheteyo nenguva inokosha munhau yeIndia, sezvo gore iroro rimene, pana August 15, kuzvitonga kwakawanwa mukutonga kweBritain. Apo rudzi rwacho rwakatsemuka kuva Hindu India neMuslim Pakistan, kuuraya kune chishava kwakaitika. Pasinei zvapo naikoku, vakapedza kufunda vaviri veGilead vakatumirwa kuPakistan, iyo yakanga yava rudzi rwakazvimirira pana August 14. Nokukurumidza vamwe vafundisi gumi vakanga voshanda muIndia imene, uye vamwe vazhinji vakasvika kuzobetsera mumakore akatevera.
Kwakaunza kumwe kufara kumwoyo wangu sezvo miitiro yesangano yakatangwa. Basa redunhu rakavamba muna 1955 apo Hama Dick Cotterill, akapedza kufunda weGilead, akagadzwa kuva mutariri wedunhu wokutanga. Iye akabatira nokutendeka kutozosvikira parufu rwake muna 1988. Ipapo, muna 1960, takava negadziriro yedu yokutanga yenguva dzose yomutariri weruwa, iyo yakaita zvakawanda kubetsera matunhu. Pashure pa 1966 hakuna vamwe vafundisi vokumwe vakabvumirwa kupinda munyika. Asi nokukurumidza basa roupiona chaihwo rakatanga, uye mapiona akakwaniriswa eIndia akatumirwa kumativi akawanda eIndia. Nhasi, kune vanenge 300 vari muiri basa.
Kwakanga kusati kuri kutozosvikira muna 1958 apo pakupedzisira takasvika vaparidzi voUmambo 1 000. Asi panguva iyeyo nhano yakakurumidza, uye zvino tine vanopfuura 9 000. Uyezve, vakapinda vedu Chirangaridzo cha 1989 vane 24 144 vanoratidza kuti vamwe vanofarira vazhinji vari kutsvaka betsero. Sri Lanka zvino ibazu rakaparadzana. Mufaro wakadini kuona kuti ivo vakawedzera kubva pavaparidzi vaviri chete muna 1944 kusvikira kuvanosanopfuura 1 000 nhasi, pasinei zvapo nokurwa kunopfuurira munyika yavo.
Kukura muvaparidzi kwakareva kukura mubazu reduwo. Pashure pamakore 52 muBombay ine mubato mukuru, dzimbahwe redu rakatama muna 1978 richienda kutaundi riri pedyo reLonavla. Handina kutongofungidzira kuti taizova nemidziyo yakaoma kunzwisisa yakadai samakomupiyuta eMEPS nomuchina mukuru wamavara maviri wokutsikirira mabhuku mumitauro yakawanda yeIndia. Nhasi, tiri kubudisa Nharireyomurindi mumitauro 9 namamwe mabhuku mumitauro 20 yakasiana-siana.
Kusiri madikanwa kutaura, mazuva ebazu redu ravanhu vaviri akapfuura kare kare. Zvino tine mhuri yeBheteri yemitezo inopfuura 60! Pazera ramakore 95, ndichiri anofara kuva mubasa renguva yakazara pahofisi yebazu nokubatira somutezo weDare reBazu reIndia. Uye zvikurukuru ndinofadzwa nokupupurira basa rokucheka mumazuva ano okupedzisira. Zvirokwazvo, inhau yokufarira.