Kurwira Bhaibheri reSpanish kwaCasiodoro de Reina
SPAIN yemuzana ramakore rechigumi namatanhatu yakanga iri nzvimbo ine ngozi yokuravira Bhaibheri. Chechi yeKaturike yakanga yarayiridza Bvunzurudzo kuparadza kuratidzirwa kudukusa kwekusawirirana nedzidziso dzinotenderwa. Asi makanga mune jaya kumaodzanyemba kweSpain iro risina kungorava bedzi Magwaro asi akapikira kuashandurira mumutauro womunzvimbomo kuitira kuti mugari wemuSpain ari wose agogona kuarava. Zita rake rakanga riri Casiodoro de Reina.
Kufarira Bhaibheri kwaReina kwakanyandurwa mukati memakore aakapedzera munogara mamongi meSan Isidro del Campo, kumicheto kweSeville, Spain. Mukati mema1550, ruzhinji rwamamongi panzvimbo iyi yechienzi inogara mamongi vaipedza maawa mazhinji vachirava Magwaro kupfuura kuita mabasa avo oufundisi. Uye shoko reBhaibheri rakachinja mafungire avo. Vakaramba dzidziso yeKaturike pamusoro pekushandiswa kwezvifananidzo uye kudavira purigatori. Nenzira isingadzivisiki, mirangariro yavo yakava inozivikanwa munharaunda, uye vachitya kusungwa neBvunzurudzo yeSpain, vakasarudza kutizira kunze kwenyika. Reina akanga ari mumwe wevane 12 avo vakabudirira kutizira kuGeneva, Switzerland.
Pashure pokunzvenga ikoko napaburi retsono, akafamba achibva mune rimwe guta reEurope achienda kune rimwe, nenzira yakati achikwanisa kunzvenga vatambudzi vake. Muna 1562 vabvunzurudzi vakakangaidzika vakapisa mufananidzo wake muSeville, asi kunyange tyisidziro iyoyo youtsinye haina kuita kuti Reina arege basa rake rokushandura Magwaro. Pasinei zvapo nekuti kubatwa kwake kwaiva nemubayiro uye kugara achitya kusungwa nguva dzose, akaramba achishanda pashanduro yake yeSpanish. “Kunze kwenguva yandaive ndichirwara kana kuti ndichifamba, . . . handina kutongorega kunyora,” akatsanangura kudaro.
Mukati memakore gumi Reina akapedza basa racho. Muna 1569 shanduro yake yeBhaibheri rose yakabudiswa muBasel, Switzerland. Iri basa rakatanhamara ndiro rakanga riri shanduro yokutanga yakakwana yeSpanish yakaitwa ichibva mumitauro yapakuvamba. Kwamazana amakore maBhaibheri echiLatin akanga ave achiwanika, asi chiLatin chakanga chiri mutauro wevakakwirira. Reina aidavira kuti Bhaibheri rinofanira kunzwisiswa nemunhu ari wose, uye akaisa upenyu hwake mungozi mukufambisira mberi nharidzano iyoyo.
Mukusuma shanduro yake, akatsanangura zvikonzero zvake. “Kurambidza Magwaro Matsvene mumutauro unozivikanwa navose nenzira isingadzivisiki kunounza kunyomba kwakakomba kuna Mwari nekuvadziko kugarikano yavanhu. Ikoku ibasa riri pachena raSatani neavo anodzora. . . . Achiona kuti Mwari akapa Shoko rake kuvanhu, achishuva kuti rinzwisiswe ndokushandiswa navose, uyo angarirambidza mumutauro upi noupi kunyange zvodini haagoni kuva nevavariro yakanaka.”
Uku kutaura kwakanga kuri kwoushingi, kubvira pakwakabudiswa makore 18 bedzi pashure pekunge Mitemo Yokurambidza yeBvunzurudzo yeSpain yaramba Bhaibheri nenzira yakananga “mumutauro weCastile [Spanish] kana kuti murumwe rurimi rupi norupi rwemunzvimbomo.” Nenzira yakajeka, Reina haana kubvumira kutya munhu kudzongonyedza kuda kwake zvokwadi.
Kunze kwokuva nechishuvo chikuru chokuita kuti Bhaibheri riwanike kuvanhu vose vanotaura Spanish, Reina aidawo kuita shanduro yakarurama zvikurusa inobvira. Musumo yake, akatsanangura betsero dzokushandura zvakananga kubva mumitauro yapakuvamba. Mhosho dzake dzakanga dzapinda murugwaro rwechiLatin rweVulgate, Reina akatsanangura. Imwe yedziri pachena zvikurusa yaidzodzi kwakanga kuri kubviswa kwezita raMwari.
Zita raMwari Mushanduro dzeSpanish
Reina akaziva kuti zita raMwari, Jehovha, rinofanira kuoneka mushanduro ipi neipi yakarurama yeBhaibheri, sezvarinoita murugwaro rwapakuvamba. Akaramba kutevera tsika yokutsiva zita raMwari nemazita okuremekedza akadai sa“Mwari” kana kuti “Ishe.” Mukusuma shanduro yake, akatsanangura zvikonzero zvake nokunanga chaikoiko.
“Takachengeta zita racho (Iehoua), kwete tisina zvikonzero zvikurusa. Chokutanga, nemhaka yokuti papi kana papi paringawanwa mushanduro yedu, nenzira yakafanana rinowanwa murugwaro rwechiHebheru, uye kwakaratidzika kwatiri kuti taisagona kuribvisa kana kuti kurichinja pasina kupara kusatendeka uye kusaremekedza mutemo waMwari, uyo unorayira kuti hapana chinhu chinofanira kubviswa kana kuti kuwedzerwa. . . . Tsika yacho [yokubvisa zita racho], yakaparwa naDhiyabhorosi, yakabva mukutenda mashura kwavanarabhi vomuzuva razvino uno avo, kunyange zvazvo vachitaura kuva vanoriremekedza, kutaura idi vakaviga zita Rake dzvene, vachiita kuti vanhu vaMwari vakanganwe iro aishuva kusiyaniswa naro nevamwe vamwari . . . vose.”
Chishuvo chinorumbidzwa chaReina chokukudza zita raMwari chakava nemigumisiro mikuru. Kusvikira kuzuva redu, shanduro zhinjisa dzeSpanish—dzose dziri mbiri yechiKaturike neyechiPurotesitendi—dzakatevera muenzaniso uyu, kushandisa zita raMwari mose mose. Zvikurukuru nemhaka yaReina, varavi veinenge shanduro ipi neipi yeSpanish yeBhaibheri vanogona kunzwisisa zviri nyore kuti Mwari ane zita romunhu oga iro rinomusiyanisa nevamwe vamwari vose.
Rinokosha iidi rokuti zita raJehovha muchiHebheru rinooneka zvakajeka papeji yemusoro weBhaibheri raReina. Reina akapa upenyu hwake chinangwa chakaisvonaka chokuchengeta Shoko raMwari, achiriita kuti rive rinowanika mumutauro uyo mamiriyoni aigona kurava.