Zvakataurwa Zvinova Magwaro Matsvene—Kunyora Kwaiitwa nevaKristu Vekare
VATENDI vezvizvarwa zvakawanda vakapedza maawa akawanda vachiverenga, vachidzidza uye vachiongorora mashoko akanyorwa anozivikanwa zvikuru ari muMagwaro echiKristu echiGiriki, anowanzonzi Testamende Itsva. Mashoko akanyorwa aya pamwe chete nechimwe chikamu cheBhaibheri, zvave zvichitungamirira zvikuru zvinhu zvinoitwa munyika, zvakashandiswa pakunyorwa kwemitemo yetsika uye pakunyora mabhuku nemamwe mabasa akadai sokuimba. Chinotonyanya kukosha ndechokuti mashoko iwayo akabatsira mamiriyoni evanhu, zvichida kusanganisira iwe, kuti vawane zivo yakarurama yaMwari naJesu.—Johani 17:3.
Mabhuku eEvhangeri, kusanganisirawo mamwe eMagwaro ose echiKristu echiGiriki, haana kunyorwa munguva pfupi pashure pokunge Jesu afa. Zviri pachena kuti Mateu akazonyora Evhangeri yake anenge makore manomwe kana masere gare gare, uye Johani akazonyorawo yake papera anenge makore 65. Chii chakaita kuti vakwanise kunyora vasingakanganisi zvakataurwa naJesu uye zvaakaita? Zviri pachena kuti mudzimu mutsvene waMwari wakashanda chaizvo pakuvatungamirira. (Johani 14:16, 26) Zvisinei, dzidziso dzaJesu dzakazonyorwa sei zvakarurama, dzichibva dzazovawo chikamu cheMagwaro Matsvene?
Vakanga “Vasingagoni Kunyora Nokuverenga” Here?
Muzana remakore rapfuura, vamwe vakati vadzidzi vaJesu vokutanga havana kunyora zvaakadzidzisa nezvaakaita asi vakaita zvokuzozviudza vanhu nomuromo. Somuenzaniso, imwe nyanzvi inoti: “Mashoko aJesu akazonyorwa pasi nevanyori veEvhangeri papera makumi emakore iye apedza ushumiri hwake. Panguva iyi zvose zvaizivikanwa nezvaJesu pazvaiudzwa vamwe, zvaiita zvokutaurwa nomuromo.” Dzimwe nyanzvi dzinoti vadzidzi vaJesu vokutanga “vakanga vasingagoni kunyora nokuverenga.”a Dzinotiwo, panguva yavaiudza vamwe vachiita zvokutaura nomuromo, nhoroondo dzoushumiri hwaJesu dzakawedzeredzwa dzikaitwa kuti dzienderane nezvavaida. Saka, vanogumisa kuti zvakanyorwa hazvitombotsananguri zvakanyatsoitika.
Imwe dzidziso inofarirwa nedzimwe nyanzvi ndeyokuti vadzidzi vaJesu vepedyo vechiJudha vangangodaro vaitevedzera madzidzisiro avanarabhi, okudzokorora kuti uzive nomusoro, ayo akabatsira kuti vaudze vamwe zvinhu zvakarurama. Vadzidzi ava vaingovimba nemashoko aitaurwa nomuromo here? Kana kuti vangave vakaita zvokunyora pasi here kuti vachengete mashoko aitaura nezvoushumiri hwaJesu? Kunyange zvazvo tisinganyatsozivi zvakanyatsoitika, zvinobvira kuti vakaita zvokunyora.
Vanhu Vainyora Zuva Nezuva
Muzana remakore rokutanga, vanhu vemarudzi ose vaigona kuverenga uye kunyora. Papfungwa iyi, Alan Millard, purofesa wemitauro yechiSemitic nechiHebheru chekare akacherechedza kuti: “Pakunyora zvaiva zvakakurumbira kuti vanhu vashandise chiGiriki, chiAramaiki uye chiHebheru uye zvaiitwa nemapoka evanhu vose munzanga.” Anowedzera kuti: “Ndiyo nzanga yakaitira Jesu mabasa ake.”
Maererano nepfungwa inotsigirwa nevamwe yokuti Evhangeri “yakanyorwa nevanhu vakabva munzanga yevanhu vaiva vasina kudzidza zvachose,” Professor Millard anonyora kuti: “Izvozvo hazvingavi zvakadaro nokuti vanhu vose vaikwanisa kunyora . . . Saka, paigara paine vanhu vaigona kunyora zvimwe zvinhu zvavainzwa, kuti vazozvishandisa kana kuti zvizoshandiswa nevamwe.”
Zviri pachena kuti tumapuranga twokunyorera twaigara turipo uye twaishandiswa kunyorera mashoko. Muenzaniso weizvi unowanikwa muchitsauko chokutanga chebhuku raRuka. Zekariya uyo ainge ambova chimumumu kwenguva pfupi, akabvunzwa zita raaida kupa mwanakomana wake. Ndima 63 inoti: ‘Akakumbira nemasaini puranga rokunyorera, akanyora kuti: “Johani ndiro zita rake.”’ Maduramazwi eBhaibheri anotsanangura kuti shoko rokuti “puranga” ringave raireva chikwangwani chomuti chaishandiswa kunyorera mashoko zvichida chaive chakazorwa wakisi. Paiva nomunhu angangove aiva nechikwangwani ichi zvokuti Zekariya akabva awana pokunyorera.
Pane mumwezve muenzaniso unoratidza kuti zvikwangwani zvokunyorera zvaishandiswa panguva iyi. Mubhuku reMabasa, tinoverenga kuti Petro akanga achitaura neboka revanhu raiva patemberi achivarayira kuti: “Pfidzai, . . . kuti zvivi zvenyu zvidzimwe.” (Mabasa 3:11, 19) Mashoko okuti ‘kuti zvidzimwe’ anobva pashoko rechiito rechiGiriki rinoreva kuti “kubvisa, kudzima.” Rimwe duramazwi rinonzi The New International Dictionary of New Testament Theology rinotsanangura kuti: “Pfungwa inobudiswa nechiito ichi uye zvichida pane dzimwewo ndima chaizvoizvo ingangoreva kukwenenzvera puranga rokunyorera rine wakisi nechinangwa chokuti rizoshandiswazve.”
Nhoroondo dzeEvhangeri dzinoratidzawo kuti vateveri vaJesu nevaimuteerera vaisanganisira vanhu vangangodaro vainyora mumabasa avo ezuva nezuva. Somuenzaniso paiva nevateresi, Mateu naZakeyo (Mateu 9:9; Ruka 19:2); mukuru aitungamirira sinagogi (Mako 5:22); mukuru weuto (Mateu 8:5); Joana, mudzimai womukuru mukuru aishandira Herodhi Andipasi (Ruka 8:3); nevanyoriwo, vaFarisi, vaSadhusi uye nenhengo dzeSanihedrini. (Mateu 21:23, 45; 22:23; 26:59) Hapana mubvunzo kuti vaapostora uye vadzidzi vaJesu vakawanda, kana kuti vose zvavo vaigona kunyora.
Vadzidzi, Vadzidzisi uye Vanyori
Vateveri vaJesu vakanga vasingafaniri kungoziva zvaaitaura uye zvaaiita chete kuti vave vadzidzisi vechiKristu asi vaifanirawo kunzwisisa kuti Mutemo uye uprofita zviri muMagwaro echiHebheru zvairevei nezvaKristu. (Mabasa 18:5) Sezvineiwo Ruka akanyora musangano mumwe chete uyo Jesu akaita nevadzidzi vake nguva pfupi amuka. Jesu akaitei? “Achitangira pane zvakanyorwa naMosesi nezvose zvakanyorwa nevaprofita, akavadudzira zvinhu zvaiva nechokuita naye muMagwaro ose.” Nguva pfupi zvadaro, Jesu akaudza vadzidzi vake kuti: “‘Aya ndiwo mashoko angu andakakutaurirai pandakanga ndichiri nemi, kuti zvinhu zvose zvakanyorwa mumutemo waMosesi nezvakanyorwa nevaprofita nomuMapisarema pamusoro pangu zvinofanira kuzadzika.’ Akabva avhura pfungwa dzavo kwazvo kuti vanzwisise zvaireva Magwaro.” (Ruka 24:27, 44, 45) Pava paya vadzidzi ‘vakayeuka’ zvavakanga vatsanangurirwa naJesu.—Johani 12:16.
Nhoroondo idzi dzinoratidza kuti vaapostora nevadzidzi vanofanira kunge vaishingaira pakutsvakurudza uye pakudzidza Magwaro kuitira kuti vakwanise kunyatsonzwisisa kuti zvinhu zvavakaona nezvavakanzwa maererano naIshe wavo Jesu Kristu, zvairevei. (Ruka 1:1-4; Mabasa 17:11) Nezvenyaya iyi, mumwe purofesa wezvidzidzo zvechitendero anonzi Harry Y. Gamble wokuUniversity of Virginia anoti: “Hapana mubvunzo kuti kubvira pakatanga chiKristu, pangangove paiva nemapoka evaKristu aizvipira kunyatsodzidza uye kutsanangura magwaro echiJudha, achiwana kubva maari ndima dzinotsigira [dzinopa uchapupu] kutenda kwechiKristu uye vaiita kuti ndima idzodzo dzigone kushandiswa mukuparidza nezvaKristu.”
Zvose izvi zvinoratidza kuti pane kunyanya kuvimba nemashoko okuita zvokuudzwa nomuromo, vadzidzi vaJesu vekare vaidzidza zvikuru, vaiverenga, uye vainyora. Vaiva vadzidzi, vadzidzisi, uye vanyori. Zvinotonyanya kukosha ndezvokuti, vaiva varume vaiva noruzivo mukunamata vaivimba nokutungamirirwa nomudzimu waMwari. Jesu akavavimbisa kuti “mudzimu wechokwadi” ‘waizovayeuchidza zvinhu zvose zvaakanga avaudza.’ (Johani 14:17, 26) Mudzimu mutsvene waMwari wakavabatsira kuyeuka nokunyora zvakanga zvaitwa uye zvataurwa naJesu, kunyange nhoroondo refu, seiya yeMharidzo yepaGomo. (Mateu, zvitsauko 5-7) Mudzimu wakatungamirirawo vanyori veEvhangeri pakunyora manzwiro aimboita Jesu uye zvaaitaura mumunyengetero.—Mateu 4:2; 9:36; Johani 17:1-26.
Saka kunyange zvazvo pasina mubvunzo kuti vanyori veEvhangeri vakashandisa mashoko avaiita zvokuudzwa nomuromo uye akanyorwa, zvinhu zvavakanyora zvakanga zvichibva kune munhu akavimbika uye akakwirira zvikuru kupfuura zvinhu zvose, Jehovha Mwari pachake. Naizvozvo, tinogona kunyatsovimba kuti “Rugwaro rwose rwakafuridzirwa naMwari” uye kuti rinogona kutidzidzisa nokutitungamirira pakuita zvinhu zvinomufadza.—2 Timoti 3:16.
[Mashoko Omuzasi]
[Mashoko okukwezva vaverengi ari papeji 14]
Vateveri vaJesu nevaimuteerera vaisanganisira vanhu vangangodaro vainyora mumabasa avo ezuva nezuva
[Mashoko okukwezva vaverengi ari papeji 15]
Mudzimu mutsvene waMwari wakabatsira vadzidzi vaJesu vekare kuyeuka nokunyora zvaakanga aita nezvaakanga ataura
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Vaapostora Vakanga Vasingagoni Kunyora Nokuverenga Here?
Vatongi nevarume vakuru vaiva muJerusarema “pavakaona kuti Petro naJohani vaitaura vasingatyi, vakanzwisisa kuti vakanga vari vanhuwo zvavo, vasina kudzidza, ivo vakashamisika.” (Mabasa 4:13) Asi vaapostora vakanga vasina kudzidza here kana kuti vasingagoni kuverenga nokunyora? Nezvemashoko aya, The New Interpreter’s Bible inoti: “Zvichida mashoko aya haafaniri kutorwa sezvaari chaizvo sokunge kuti Petro [naJohani] vakanga vasina kuenda kuchikoro uye vasingagoni kunyora nokuverenga. Anongoratidza kusiyana kukuru kwaivapo munzanga yacho kwevaapostora nevaitonga vamwe.”
[Mufananidzo uri papeji 13]
‘Akakumbira puranga rokunyorera, akanyora kuti: “Johani ndiro zita rake”’
[Mufananidzo uri papeji 13]
Puranga rewakisi nezvinhu zvokunyoresa zvaishandiswa muzana remakore rokutanga kana kuti rechipiri C.E.
[Kwazvakatorwa]
© British Museum/Art Resource, NY