Ko Mweya Unopukunyuka Rufu Here?

“MWEYA: Rutivi rwomudzimu rwomunhu runorangarirwa sorunopukunyuka pashure porufu uye sorusingatani kutapurwa nomufarwa kana kuti nhamo mumugariro womunguva yemberi.” (The Compact Edition of the Oxford English Dictionary) Marudzidziso mazhinjisa anodokubvumirana neiyi rondedzero. New Catholic Encyclopedia inoti: “Dzidziso yokuti mweya womunhu haufi uye uchapfuurira kuvapo pashure porufu rwomunhu . . . ndiimwe yedzinokosha dzouzivi hwechiKristu noruzivo rwoumwari.”

Zvichida kungakushamisa, ipapoka, kuziva kuti ichi chitendero chinokosha chinotorwa muuzivi hwechihedheni. Kare kare pamberi pokuberekwa kwaJesu, kwaidavirwa kuti mweya wakanga uri chimwe chinhu chisingabatiki chaigona kuvapo chisina muviri. Iwo waigona nokudaro kupukunyuka rufu rwomuviri, kupfuurira kurarama muchimiro chechipoko, kana kuti mudzimu.

VaGiriki vaitaura zvakajeka ichi chitendero mumashoko ouzivi. Socrates, muzivi wechiGiriki akakurumbira, akanokorwa mashoko saanoti: “Mweya, . . . kana ukaenda wakachena, usingazvuzvurudzi chinhu chomuviri, . . . unopinda muicho chakafanana naiwo umene, muchisingaoneki, choumwari, chisingafi, uye chakachenjera, uye apo unosvika ikoko unofara, wasunungurwa mumhosho noupenzi norutyo . . . uye zvimwe zvirwere zvose zvavanhu, uye . . . unorarama chaizvoizvo nokusingagumi navamwari.”—Phaedo, 80, D, E; 81, A.

Haisi Dzidziso yeBhaibheri

Ipapoka, ichi chitendero chechihedheni mukusafa kwomweya chakasvika sei pakudzidziswa muchiKristudhomu nechiJudha?

New Catholic Encyclopedia inotaura zvinhu zvishoma painoti: “Murangariro womweya unopukunyuka pashure porufu hausati uchinzwisisika nyore nyore muBhaibheri.” Kwaizova kwakarurama zvikuru kutaura kuti dzidziso yokusafa kwomweya haitongowanwi muBhaibheri! Enisaikoropidhia iyoyo inobvuma, kuti: “Murangariro womweya womunhu umene hausi mumwe chetewo muT[estamende] Y[ekare] sezvauri muuzivi hwechiGiriki nohwazvino uno.”

Muinonzi Testamende Yekare, shoko rechiHebheru neʹphesh, rinowanzoshandurwa kuti “mweya,” rinooneka ka 754. Muinonzi Testamende Itsva, shoko rechiGiriki psy·kheʹ, rinowanzoshandurwawo kuti “mweya,” rinooneka ka 102. Apo tinonzvera kuti aya mashoko anoshandiswa sei muBhaibheri, mufananidzo unoshamisa unobuda.

Pana Genesi 2:7 tinorava kuti Mwari akafemera mumhino dzaAdhama chifemo choupenyu, uye Adhama “akava mweya mupenyu [chiHebheru, neʹphesh].” Cherechedza: Adhama haana kupiwa mweya mupenyu; iye akava iwo. Namamwe mashoko, Adhama akanga achangobva kusikwa akanga ari mweya! Hakushamisi kuti New Catholic Encyclopedia inogumisa, kuti: “Mweya muT[estamende] Y[ekare] unoreva kwete rutivi rwomunhu, asi munhu wose—munhu somunhu mupenyu.”

Mamwe magwaro anosimbisa ikoku. Revhitiko 7:20 (NW), somuenzaniso, inonongedzera ku“mweya unodya nyama yechibairo chokuyananisa.” Revhitiko 23:30 inoti: “Somweya upi noupi unobata basa ripi neripi.” Zvirevo 25:25 inoti: “Shoko rakanaka, rinobva kunyika iri kure, rakafanana nemvura inotonhorera kumweya une nyota.” Uye Pisarema 105:18 (NW), rinotiudza, kuti: “Vakarwadzisa tsoka dzake nezvisungo zvesimbi; mweya wake wakapinda mumatare.” Zvino, chii chinogona kudya nyama, kuita basa, kuzorodzwa nemvura, uye kuiswa musimbi? Rutivi rwakaparadzana, rwomudzimu rwomunhu, kana kuti munhu amene here? Mhinduro iri pachena.

Nenzira inofadza, kuva mweya hakusi kwomunhu oga. Genesi 1:20 (NW), inotiudza kuti munhambo imwe yokusika, Mwari akati: “Mvura ngadzizare nemweya mipenyu yakawanda.” Hungu, kunyange hove mweya! Muimwe nhambo yokusika, Mwari akaratidzira kuti “zvipfuwo, nezvinokambaira, nemhuka dzenyika” mweya!—Genesi 1:24; enzanisa naRevhitiko 11:10, 46; 24:18; Numeri 31:28; Jobho 41:21; Ezekieri 47:9.

“Mweya” muBhaibheri, naizvozvo, haunongedzeri kuchinhu chomudzimu chine mumvuri icho chinosiya muviri pashure porufu. Unoreva munhu kana kuti mhuka, kana kuti upenyu uhwo munhu kana kuti mhuka zvinofarikanya.

Chii Chinoitika Pashure Porufu?

Nenzira yakajeka, ipapoka, Bhaibheri rinopesana nomurangariro wechihedheni wokuti munhu ane mweya usingafi. Ndianiko, waunofunga, kuti akadzidzisa zvokwadi muna ikoku? Vazivi vechihedheni vechiGiriki kana kuti vanhu vesungano vaMwari amene here? Zvirokwazvo, vakanga vari vanhu vaMwari, kwavari iye akapa Shoko rake rakafuridzirwa.

Zvisinei, mubvunzo unoramba uripo, Chii chinoitika kumweya pashure porufu? Sezvo mweya ari munhu, nenzira yakajeka, mweya unofa apo munhu anofa. Namamwe mashoko, munhu akafa mweya wakafa. Magwaro akawanda anosimbisa ikoku. “Mweya unotadza—iwo umene uchafa,” inodaro Ezekieri 18:4, (NW). Pana Vatongi 16:30 (NW), tinorava, kuti: “Uye Samsoni akapfuurira kuti: ‘Mweya ngaufe navaFiristia.’” Mamwe magwaro anoratidza kuti mweya inogona kugurwa (Genesi 17:14), kuurawa nomunondo (Joshua 10:37), kudzipwa (Jobho 7:15), uye kunyudzwa (Jona 2:5). Mweya wafa, kana kuti mweya wakashaya, munhu akafa.—Revhitiko 19:28; 21:1, 11.

Chii, ipapoka, chiri mugariro womweya yakafa? Kukataurwa nenzira yakapfava, rufu musiano woupenyu. Pfungwa dzedu dzose dzakabatanidzwa nemiviri yedu yenyama. Mano edu okuona, kunzwa, uye kufunga anotsamira pakushanda kwakafanira kwameso edu, nzeve, uye uropi. Tisina meso hatigoni kuona. Tisina nzeve hatigoni kunzwa. Tisina uropi hatigoni kuita chinhu chipi nechipi. Apo munhu anofa, iyi mitezo yose yomuviri inorega kushanda. Tinorega kuvapo.

Mutsinhirano naikoku, Muparidzi 9:5, 10 (NW), inoti: “Kana vari vakafa, havatongozivi chinhu . . . Hakuna basa kana kuti kuronga mazano kana kuti zivo kana kuti uchenjeri muSheori [guva], nzvimbo kwaunoenda.” Nenzira yakafanana, Pisarema 146:3, 4 (NW), inoti: “Usaisa chivimbo chako muvanokudzwa, kana kuti mumwanakomana womunhu wapasi, asina ruponeso. Mweya wake [simba roupenyu] unobuda, iye anodzokera kuguruva rake; muzuva iroro mifungo yake inoparara.” Naizvozvo apo vanhu (mweya) vanofa, vanongorega zvavo kuvapo.

Kubva Padzidziso Yechihedheni Kuenda Kudzidziso Yechechi

‘Asi Testamende Itsva haidzidzisi here kusafa kwomweya?’ vamwe vangabvunza kudaro. Nyangwe. New Catholic Encyclopedia inobvuma, ichiti: “T[estamende] I[tsva] inoramba yakatendeka kuiyi nzwisiso yeT[estamende] Y[ekare] yorufu.” Namamwe mashoko, “Testamende Itsva” inodzidzisa kuti mweya unofa. Jesu Kristu akaratidzira kuti akanga asingadaviri kuti mweya haufi. Iye akabvunza, kuti: “Ndokwapamutemo here pasabata kuita basa rakanaka kana kuti kuita basa rakashata, kuponesa kana kuti kuuraya mweya?” (Marko 3:4, NW) Muapostora wechiKristu Pauro nenzira yakafanana akasimbisa murangariro we“Testamende Yekare” womweya kupfurikidza nokunokora mashoko Genesi 2:7: “Kwakatonyorwa saizvozvo, kuti: ‘Munhu wokutanga Adhama akava mweya mupenyu.’”—1 VaKorinte 15:45, NW.

Ipapoka, kufunga kwaPlato kwakava sei dzidziso yechechi? Encyclopædia of Religion and Ethics, yakanyorwa naJames Hastings, inotsanangura, kuti: “Apo evhangeri yechiKristu yakapfuura napasuo resinagoge yechiJudha ndokupinda muUmambo hweRoma, pfungwa yomweya wechiHebheru zvikurukuru yakapinzwa mumhoteredzo yomufungo wechiGiriki, pasina miuyo miduku mukugadziridza.” Vadzidzisi vechechi vakavavarira kuita shoko ravo “rive rakajeka kunyika inofunga yechiGiriki” kupfurikidza nokushandisa “mashoko akasimba nemirangariro zvoruzivo rwokushanda kwendangariro zvechiGiriki.” Vafundisi vechiJudha nenzira yakafanana vakavamba kuratidzira “pesvedzero dzakasimba dzechiPlato” mumanyoro avo.—Encyclopædia Judaica.

Dzidziso yeBhaibheri pamusoro pomweya nokudaro yakaraswa ndokutsiviwa nedzidziso yakanga iri yechihedheni nenzira yakajeka. Ikoku hakugoni kutongoruramiswa pazvikonzero zvokuti kuita saizvozvo kwakaita kuti chiKristu chive chinofadza zvikuru kuvanhu. Pakuparidzira muAtene, nzvimbo imene yeshambidziko yechiGiriki, muapostora Pauro haana kudzidzisa dzidziso yaPlato yomweya. Mukupesana, iye akaparadzira dzidziso yechiKristu yorumuko kunyange zvazvo vazhinji vavateereri vake vechiGiriki vakakuwana kwakaoma kugamuchira zvaakataura.—Mabasa 17:22-32.

Zvamazvirokwazvo, muapostora Pauro akanyevera pamusoro pokubatanidzwa kupi nokupi kwezvokwadi yakavakirwa muBhaibheri nechihedheni paakati: “Chiedza chine goverano yeiko nerima? Uyezve, itsinhiranoi iripo pakati paKristu naBheriari?” (2 VaKorinte 6:14, 15, NW) Hakugoni kuva nepanikiro kuti mukubvumira dzidziso yechihedheni kuva imwe yedzinokosha youzivi hwacho hwoumwari, chiKristudhomu chakaunza ruzvidzo pana Mwari amene!

Tariro Yavakafa

Vanhu vakasununguka kudavira chavanosarudza. Kunyanguvezvo, hakugoni kurambwa kuti dzidziso yokusafa kwomweya haisi yapamagwaro. Ko vanhu, ipapoka, havana tariro youpenyu pashure porufu here?

Pashure pokunge Jobho abvunza mubvunzo unoti, “[Munhu] anogona kuraramazve here?” akapfuurira kupa mhinduro yakafuridzirwa. Iye akati: “Imi [Jehovha] muchadana, uye ini ndimene ndichakupindurai. Nokuti munoshuva basa ramaoko enyu.” (Jobho 14:14, 15, NW) Hungu, Bhaibheri rinopa tariro yorumuko nokuda kwavose vari muyeuko yaMwari. Iye anoshuva kudzorera vabatiri vakatendeka vake, kufanana naJobho, kuupenyu! Kristu Jesu akasimbisa uzvomene hweiyi tariro, achiti: “Musashamiswa naizvozvi, nemhaka yokuti nguva iri kuuya umo vose avo vari mumakuva echirangaridzo vachanzwa inzwi rake ndokubuda, avo vakaita zvinhu zvakanaka kurumuko rwoupenyu, avo vakaita zvakaipa kurumuko rworutongeso.”—Johane 5:28, 29, NW.

Apo nguva inosvika yokuti uporofita ihwohwo huzadzike, Isaya 25:8 (NW), inopikira kuti, Mwari “achaparadza zvomenemene rufu nokusingaperi.” Ikoku kunoreva nyika umo, seizvo Zvakazarurwa 21:4 (NW) inotaura, “rufu harusati ruchizovapozve.” Iwe ungada here kugara munyika isina mariro kana kuti dzimba dzamariro, musina mabwe amakuva kana kuti nzvimbo dzamakuva, musisinazve misodzi yenhamo asi misodzi yomufaro bedzi?

Chokwadi, ungave wakarerwa kudavira mudzidziso yomweya usingafi. Asi kupfurikidza nokufunda Bhaibheri, unogona kutanga kutenda muzvipikirwa zvinosunungura zveBhaibheri.a Unogona kudzidzawo chaufanira kuita kuti ugare nhaka chipikirwa cheBhaibheri, kwete chokupukunyuka somweya usingafi, asi chokugamuchira “upenyu husingaperi” muParadhiso pasi pano!—Johane 17:3; Ruka 23:43.

[Mashoko Omuzasi]